用spring-data-redis实现redis消息队列教程

今天来用一个spring-data-redis封装好的redis队列功能。

首先要有个redis，没有去官网下载：https://redis.io/

基于springboot，省掉一些配置

首先在idea创建maven工程redis-message，目录结构如下

然后配置pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.xzg</groupId>
    <artifactId>redis</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-releases</id>
            <name>Spring Releases</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>spring-releases</id>
            <name>Spring Releases</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</project>

然后稍等一会儿，让依赖下载完毕，完成后应该是这样子：

开始写代码了，首先写个消息接收类，这类负责接受消息然后处理

package com.xzg.redis.message;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class Receiver {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Receiver.class);
    
    public void receiveMessage(String message) {
        LOGGER.info("Received <" + message + ">");
        //TODO process data
    }
}

然后写启动类Application,为了简单我把配置类和消息发送代码都放在了application里面。

其实应该分成Configuration.java和Sender.java的。

 

package com.xzg.redis;
import com.xzg.redis.message.Receiver;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.PatternTopic;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.RedisMessageListenerContainer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.listener.adapter.MessageListenerAdapter;

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Application.class);
    @Bean
    RedisMessageListenerContainer container(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
                                            MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter) {
        RedisMessageListenerContainer container = new RedisMessageListenerContainer();
        container.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        container.addMessageListener(listenerAdapter, new PatternTopic("shop"));
        return container;
    }
    @Bean
    MessageListenerAdapter listenerAdapter(Receiver receiver) {
        return new MessageListenerAdapter(receiver, "receiveMessage");
    }
    @Bean
    Receiver receiver() {
        return new Receiver();
    }
    @Bean
    StringRedisTemplate template(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        return new StringRedisTemplate(connectionFactory);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
        StringRedisTemplate template = ctx.getBean(StringRedisTemplate.class);
        LOGGER.info("Sending message --> Buy a pair of shoes");
        template.convertAndSend("shop", "Buy a pair of shoes");
    }
}

这代码里面启动了RedisMessageListenerContainer并监听topic是shop的消息。

并注册接受类receiver,声明调用的方法receiverMessage

然后在main方法里通过redisTemplate给shop这个topic发消息，然后receiver应该能马上接受到消息。

开始运行！

妈蛋，报错了，错误信息很明显，没连上redis，我的redis在192.168.1.22上

在resources新增配置application.properties,内容如下：

 

spring.redis.host=192.168.1.22

再运行

完美！

redis的消息队列适用于并发量比较小的任务。而且作为mq也没有分组，消息容量速率等信息，关键是没有持久化机制数据易丢失，如果并发量大，对安全要求高就用kafka吧。