Android Studio 2.2 Jni 调试

Jni是android提供的与其他语言交互的接口，常用的就是c或c++，之前写jni代码是非常痛苦的，一方面像写记事本一样没有各种函数提示，一方面无法调试，单靠打log效率非常低，所以之前都有点不想写jni的代码，但是最近得知了jni可以像Java一样动态调试，非常感兴趣，经过一番折腾，把具体步骤介绍一下。

 

1、环境：

   Android studio 2.2以上

   Jdk 1.8以上

   NDK r12+

   安装CMake、LLDB

2、新建工程，将Include C++ Support勾上

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3、C++ Standard选默认的就行，下面第一个“Exception Support”代表处理c++异常，最好勾上，点击Finish

 

 

4、目录主要变化，因为采用CMake,所以默认C代码放在cpp目录下，然后比较重要的一个文件是CMakeLists.txt

 

 

 

5、CMakeLists介绍，如下是CMakeLists文件的内容：

 

#Sets the minimum version of CMake required to build the native
# library. You should either keep the default value or only pass a
# value of 3.4.0 or lower.

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)

# Creates and names a library, sets it as either STATIC
# or SHARED, and provides the relative paths to its source code.
# You can define multiple libraries, and CMake builds it for you.
# Gradle automatically packages shared libraries with your APK.
include_directories( imported-lib/include/ )
add_library( # Sets the name of the library.
             native-lib2

             # Sets the library as ashared library.
             SHARED

             # Provides a relative pathto your source file(s).
             # Associated headers in thesame location as their source
             # file are automaticallyincluded.
             src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp)

add_library(tmms-au SHARED src/main/cpp/tmms-au-jni.c)
add_library(tmloader STATIC IMPORTED)
set_target_properties( # Specifies the target library.
                       tmloader

                       # Specifies theparameter you want to define.
                       PROPERTIESIMPORTED_LOCATION

                       # Provides thepath to the library you want to import.
                      src/main/cpp/libtmloader.a )

# Searches for a specified prebuilt library and stores the path as a
# variable. Because system libraries are included in the search path by
# default, you only need to specify the name of the public NDK library
# you want to add. CMake verifies that the library exists before
# completing its build.

find_library( # Sets the name of the path variable.
              log-lib

              # Specifies the name of theNDK library that
              # you want CMake to locate.
              log )

# Specifies libraries CMake should link to your target library. You
# can link multiple libraries, such as libraries you define in the
# build script, prebuilt third-party libraries, or system libraries.
target_link_libraries(tmms-au tmloader ${log-lib})
target_link_libraries( # Specifies the target library.
                       native-lib2

                       # Links the targetlibrary to the log library
                       # included in theNDK.
                       ${log-lib} )

说明：

1、 include_directories( imported-lib/include/ )作用就是将所有头文件放在一个目录里，然后指定目录位置，以后在c代码中include就不需要加路径了。

2、 add_library(native-lib SHARED src/main/cpp/native-lib.cpp)该函数负责生成so文件相关信息，第一个参数是so文件名称，第二个是类型，比如SHARED就是动态链接库；第三个就是c文件所在路径，注意头文件可以直接在c代码中包含路径就行，可以不用在这边写。另外这个方法也可以用来导入其他的so文件，例如add_library(native-lib SHARED IMPORTED)，但是调用这个后一定要通过set_target_properties设置可执行文件的位置。

3、 find_library（log-lib log）是寻找NDK本地so文件,第一个参数是保存要找的so文件的路径变量名，下面会用到，第二个参数就是要找的NDK中的so文件名。

4、 target_link_libraries（native-lib imported-lib ... ${log-lib}）作用是将其他的库导入到你的目标so中，第一个参数就是目标so文件，后面的都是要导入的其他库。

5、 接下来就能按照上面的步骤创建多个属于自己的so文件了

6、build.gradle介绍：

applyplugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 25
    buildToolsVersion "24.0.1"
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.myapplication"
        minSdkVersion 17
        targetSdkVersion 22
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
        externalNativeBuild {
            cmake {
                cppFlags "-fexceptions"
            }
        }
        ndk {
            // Specifies the ABIconfigurations of your native
            // libraries Gradle shouldbuild and package with your APK.
            abiFilters  'armeabi'
        }
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFilesgetDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
   /* externalNativeBuild {

        // Encapsulates your CMake buildconfigurations.
        cmake {

            // Provides a relative pathto your CMake build script.
            path"CMakeLists.txt"
        }
    }*/
    externalNativeBuild {
        ndkBuild {
            path "src/main/jni/Android.mk"
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include:['*.jar'])
    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2',{
        exclude group: 'com.android.support',module: 'support-annotations'
    })
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.0.0'
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}
 

1） defaultConfig.externalNativeBuild,里面就是之前创建项目指定的一些选项，另外defaultConfig.ndk负责指定需要创建哪些类型的so文件，最好指定一下，不然会全部创建，非常慢的。
2)  externalNativeBuild{
        // Encapsulates your CMake buildconfigurations.
        cmake {
            // Provides a relative pathto your CMake build script.
            path"CMakeLists.txt"
        }
    这个负责指定CMakeLists.txt文件路径。另外如果想要采用NDK来编译，就要改成externalNativeBuild {
        ndkBuild {
            path "src/main/jni/Android.mk"
        }
  }

7、开始调试

按照上面所有步骤配置好后就能开始调试了，比较麻烦的一点是每次修改CMakeLists.txt最好要clean project一下，不然会出现很多没必要的问题，这种方式和之前gradle-experimental创建的jni调试效果差不多，就是比较方便，不用修改插件了。好了，可以尽情的调试你的c代码了！