C++编程题继承与多态

workflower

于 2024-10-06 09:17:37 发布

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分类专栏：学编程文章标签： c++ 开发语言课程设计 c语言 java

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实现重载函数Double(x)，返回值为输入参数的两倍；参数分别为整型、长整型、浮点型、双精度型，返回值类型与参数一样。

解：

源程序：

#include <iostream.h>

int Double(int);

long Double(long);

float Double(float);

double Double(double);

int main()

{

int myInt = 6500;

long myLong = 65000;

float myFloat = 6.5F;

double myDouble = 6.5e20;

int doubledInt;

long doubledLong;

float doubledFloat;

double doubledDouble;

cout << "myInt: " << myInt << "\n";

cout << "myLong: " << myLong << "\n";

cout << "myFloat: " << myFloat << "\n";

cout << "myDouble: " << myDouble << "\n";

doubledInt = Double(myInt);

doubledLong = Double(myLong);

doubledFloat = Double(myFloat);

doubledDouble = Double(myDouble);

cout << "doubledInt: " << doubledInt << "\n";

cout << "doubledLong: " << doubledLong << "\n";

cout << "doubledFloat: " << doubledFloat << "\n";

cout << "doubledDouble: " << doubledDouble << "\n";

return 0;

}

int Double(int original)

{

cout << "In Double(int)\n";

return 2 * original;

}

long Double(long original)

{

cout << "In Double(long)\n";

return 2 * original;

}

float Double(float original)

{

cout << "In Double(float)\n";

return 2 * original;

}

double Double(double original)

{

cout << "In Double(double)\n";

return 2 * original;

}

程序运行输出：

myInt: 6500

myLong: 65000

myFloat: 6.5

myDouble: 6.5e+20

In Double(int)

In Double(long)

In Double(float)

In Double(double)

DoubledInt: 13000

DoubledLong: 130000

DoubledFloat: 13

DoubledDouble: 1.3e+21

定义一个Rectangle类，有长itsWidth、宽itsLength等属性，重载其构造函数Rectangle()和Rectangle(int width， int length)。

解：

源程序：

#include <iostream.h>

class Rectangle

{

public:

Rectangle();

Rectangle(int width, int length);

~Rectangle() {}

int GetWidth() const { return itsWidth; }

int GetLength() const { return itsLength; }

private:

int itsWidth;

int itsLength;

};

Rectangle::Rectangle()

{

itsWidth = 5;

itsLength = 10;

}

Rectangle::Rectangle (int width, int length)

{

itsWidth = width;

itsLength = length;

}

int main()

{

Rectangle Rect1;

cout << "Rect1 width: " << Rect1.GetWidth() << endl;

cout << "Rect1 length: " << Rect1.GetLength() << endl;

int aWidth, aLength;

cout << "Enter a width: ";

cin >> aWidth;

cout << "\nEnter a length: ";

cin >> aLength;

Rectangle Rect2(aWidth, aLength);

cout << "\nRect2 width: " << Rect2.GetWidth() << endl;

cout << "Rect2 length: " << Rect2.GetLength() << endl;

return 0;

}

程序运行输出：

Rect1 width: 5

Rect1 length: 10

Enter a width: 20

Enter a length: 50

Rect2 width: 20

Rect2 length: 50

定义计数器Counter类，对其重载运算符 + 。

解：

源程序：

typedef unsigned short USHORT;

#include <iostream.h>

class Counter

{

public:

Counter();

Counter(USHORT initialValue);

~Counter(){}

USHORT GetItsVal()const { return itsVal; }

void SetItsVal(USHORT x) {itsVal = x; }

Counter operator+ (const Counter &);

private:

USHORT itsVal;

};

Counter::Counter(USHORT initialValue):

itsVal(initialValue)

{

}

Counter::Counter():

itsVal(0)

{

}

Counter Counter::operator+ (const Counter & rhs)

{

return Counter(itsVal + rhs.GetItsVal());

}

int main()

{

Counter varOne(2)， varTwo(4)， varThree;

varThree = varOne + varTwo;

cout << "varOne: " << varOne.GetItsVal()<< endl;

cout << "varTwo: " << varTwo.GetItsVal() << endl;

cout << "varThree: " << varThree.GetItsVal() << endl;

return 0;

}

程序运行输出：

varOne: 2

varTwo: 4

varThree: 6

定义一个哺乳动物Mammal类，再由此派生出狗Dog类，二者都定义 Speak()成员函数，基类中定义为虚函数，定义一个Dog类的对象，调用Speak函数，观察运行结果。

解：

源程序：

#include <iostream.h>

class Mammal

{

public:

Mammal():itsAge(1) { cout << "Mammal constructor...\n"; }

~Mammal() { cout << "Mammal destructor...\n"; }

virtual void Speak() const { cout << "Mammal speak!\n"; }

};

class Dog : public Mammal

{

public:

Dog() { cout << "Dog Constructor...\n"; }

~Dog() { cout << "Dog destructor...\n"; }

void Speak()const { cout << "Woof!\n"; }

};

int main()

{

Mammal *pDog = new Dog;

pDog->Speak();

return 0;

}

程序运行输出：

Mammal constructor...

Dog constructor...

Woof!

Dog destructor...

Mammal destructor...

定义一个Shape抽象类，在此基础上派生出Rectangle和Circle，二者都有GetArea()函数计算对象的面积，GetPerim()函数计算对象的周长。

解：

源程序：

#include <iostream.h>

class Shape

{

public:

Shape(){}

~Shape(){}

virtual float GetArea() =0 ;

virtual float GetPerim () =0 ;

};

class Circle : public Shape

{

public:

Circle(float radius):itsRadius(radius){}

~Circle(){}

float GetArea() { return 3.14 * itsRadius * itsRadius; }

float GetPerim () { return 6.28 * itsRadius; }

private:

float itsRadius;

};

class Rectangle : public Shape

{

public:

Rectangle(float len， float width): itsLength(len)， itsWidth(width){};

~Rectangle(){};

virtual float GetArea() { return itsLength * itsWidth; }

float GetPerim () { return 2 * itsLength + 2 * itsWidth; }

virtual float GetLength() { return itsLength; }

virtual float GetWidth() { return itsWidth; }

private:

float itsWidth;

float itsLength;

};

void main()

{

Shape * sp;

sp = new Circle(5);

cout << "The area of the Circle is " << sp->GetArea () << endl;

cout << "The perimeter of the Circle is " << sp->GetPerim () << endl;

delete sp;

sp = new Rectangle(4，6);

cout << "The area of the Rectangle is " << sp->GetArea() << endl;

cout << "The perimeter of the Rectangle is " << sp->GetPerim () << endl;

delete sp;

}

程序运行输出：

The area of the Circle is 78.5

The perimeter of the Circle is 31.4

The area of the Rectangle is 24

The perimeter of the Rectangle is 20

对Point类重载++（自增）、--（自减）运算符

解：

#include <iostream.h>

class Point

{

public:

Point& operator++();

Point operator++(int);

Point& operator--();

Point operator--(int);

Point() { _x = _y = 0; }

int x() { return _x; }

int y() { return _y; }

private:

int _x, _y;

};

Point& Point::operator++()

{

_x++;

_y++;

return *this;

}

Point Point::operator++(int)

{

Point temp = *this;

++*this;

return temp;

}

Point& Point::operator--()

{

_x--;

_y--;

return *this;

}

Point Point::operator--(int)

{

Point temp = *this;

--*this;

return temp;

}

void main()

{

Point A;