__proc_info与__arch_info初始化

__proc_info与__arch_info数据结构中

1. lds链接文件

arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds文件给出了两个结构体变量在系统当中对应的组织位置，相应的实际实现的文件设计的重要结构体。

.init : { /* Init code and data		*/
   *(.init.text)
  _einittext = .;
  __proc_info_begin = .;
   *(.proc.info.init)
  __proc_info_end = .;
  __arch_info_begin = .;
   *(.arch.info.init)
  __arch_info_end = .;

这一阶段涉及到两个重要的结构体：

(1) 一个是struct proc_info_list 主要描述CPU相关的信息，定义在文件arch\arm\include\asm\procinfo.h中，与其相关的函数及变量在文件arch/arm/mm/proc_arm920.S中被定义和赋值。

(2) 另一个结构体是描述开发板或者说机器信息的结构体struct machine_desc，定义在\arch\arm\include\asm\mach\arch.h文件中，其函数的定义和变量的赋值在板极相关文件arch/arm/mach-s3c2410/mach-smdk2440.c中实现，这也是内核移植非常重要的一个文件。

2. __proc_info

2.1. __arm920_proc_info

文件arch/arm/include/asm/procinfo.h文件中给定了proc_info_list结构体说明芯片架构相关处理函数的结构体定义。对于ARM架构__arm920_proc_info实现当前2440单板具体的内核汇编代码实现情况。

struct proc_info_list {
	unsigned int		cpu_val;
	unsigned int		cpu_mask;
	unsigned long		__cpu_mm_mmu_flags;	/* used by head.S */
	unsigned long		__cpu_io_mmu_flags;	/* used by head.S */
	unsigned long		__cpu_flush;		/* used by head.S */
	const char		*arch_name;
	const char		*elf_name;
	unsigned int		elf_hwcap;
	const char		*cpu_name;
	struct processor	*proc;
	struct cpu_tlb_fns	*tlb;
	struct cpu_user_fns	*user;
	struct cpu_cache_fns	*cache;
};

	.type	__arm920_proc_info,#object
__arm920_proc_info:
	.long	0x41009200
	.long	0xff00fff0
	.long   PMD_TYPE_SECT | \
		PMD_SECT_BUFFERABLE | \
		PMD_SECT_CACHEABLE | \
		PMD_BIT4 | \
		PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE | \
		PMD_SECT_AP_READ
	.long   PMD_TYPE_SECT | \
		PMD_BIT4 | \
		PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE | \
		PMD_SECT_AP_READ
	b	__arm920_setup
	.long	cpu_arch_name
	.long	cpu_elf_name
	.long	HWCAP_SWP | HWCAP_HALF | HWCAP_THUMB
	.long	cpu_arm920_name
	.long	arm920_processor_functions
	.long	v4wbi_tlb_fns
	.long	v4wb_user_fns
#ifndef CONFIG_CPU_DCACHE_WRITETHROUGH
	.long	arm920_cache_fns
#else
	.long	v4wt_cache_fns
#endif
	.size	__arm920_proc_info, . - __arm920_proc_info

 2.2. setup_processor

内核实际的启动流程中setup_arch->setup_processor，setup_processor主要完成两件事情，第一件是查询proc_info_list结构体，从结构体获取CPU内核信息，然后打印出基本信息，并将一些信息保存成全局变量。另外一件是调用cpu_arm920_proc_init函数完成CPU初始化工作。

setup_arch
    |---->setup_processor
        |---->lookup_processor_type    调用汇编语言实现获取proc_info_list结构体
        |---->cpu_proc_init            一个宏拼拼接，拼接以后调用cpu_arm920_proc_init初始化

其中proc_info遍历工作调用的是如下的方式进行，将最终的结果复制给setup_processor中的局部变量list中。 

/*
 * Read processor ID register (CP#15, CR0), and look up in the linker-built
 * supported processor list.  Note that we can't use the absolute addresses
 * for the __proc_info lists since we aren't running with the MMU on
 * (and therefore, we are not in the correct address space).  We have to
 * calculate the offset.
 *
 *	r9 = cpuid
 * Returns:
 *	r3, r4, r6 corrupted
 *	r5 = proc_info pointer in physical address space
 *	r9 = cpuid (preserved)
 */
	.type	__lookup_processor_type, %function
__lookup_processor_type:
	adr	r3, 3f
	ldmda	r3, {r5 - r7}
	sub	r3, r3, r7			@ get offset between virt&phys
	add	r5, r5, r3			@ convert virt addresses to
	add	r6, r6, r3			@ physical address space
1:	ldmia	r5, {r3, r4}			@ value, mask
	and	r4, r4, r9			@ mask wanted bits
	teq	r3, r4
	beq	2f
	add	r5, r5, #PROC_INFO_SZ		@ sizeof(proc_info_list)
	cmp	r5, r6
	blo	1b
	mov	r5, #0				@ unknown processor
2:	mov	pc, lr

/*
 * This provides a C-API version of the above function.
 */
ENTRY(lookup_processor_type)
	stmfd	sp!, {r4 - r7, r9, lr}
	mov	r9, r0
	bl	__lookup_processor_type
	mov	r0, r5
	ldmfd	sp!, {r4 - r7, r9, pc}

3. setup_machine

函数核心是获取如下的结构体变量信息，实际这个结构体变量的定义是在mach-smdk2440.c文件中给定。

struct machine_desc {
	/*
	 * Note! The first four elements are used
	 * by assembler code in head-armv.S
	 */
	unsigned int		nr;		/* architecture number	*/
	unsigned int		phys_io;	/* start of physical io	*/
	unsigned int		io_pg_offst;	/* byte offset for io 
						 * page tabe entry	*/

	const char		*name;		/* architecture name	*/
	unsigned long		boot_params;	/* tagged list		*/

	unsigned int		video_start;	/* start of video RAM	*/
	unsigned int		video_end;	/* end of video RAM	*/

	unsigned int		reserve_lp0 :1;	/* never has lp0	*/
	unsigned int		reserve_lp1 :1;	/* never has lp1	*/
	unsigned int		reserve_lp2 :1;	/* never has lp2	*/
	unsigned int		soft_reboot :1;	/* soft reboot		*/
	void			(*fixup)(struct machine_desc *,
					 struct tag *, char **,
					 struct meminfo *);
	void			(*map_io)(void);/* IO mapping function	*/
	void			(*init_irq)(void);
	struct sys_timer	*timer;		/* system tick timer	*/
	void			(*init_machine)(void);
};

MACHINE_START(S3C2440, "SMDK2440")
	/* Maintainer: Ben Dooks <ben@fluff.org> */
	.phys_io	= S3C2410_PA_UART,
	.io_pg_offst	= (((u32)S3C24XX_VA_UART) >> 18) & 0xfffc,
	.boot_params	= S3C2410_SDRAM_PA + 0x100,

	.init_irq	= s3c24xx_init_irq,
	.map_io		= smdk2440_map_io,
	.init_machine	= smdk2440_machine_init,
	.timer		= &s3c24xx_timer,
MACHINE_END

 遍历获取machine_desc结构体结果

setup_machine
    |---->lookup_machine_type    调用实际是汇编函数head-common.S文件中
    |---->获取struct machine_desc *list对内部的arch信息进行打印

3.2. lookup_machine_type 

/*
 * Lookup machine architecture in the linker-build list of architectures.
 * Note that we can't use the absolute addresses for the __arch_info
 * lists since we aren't running with the MMU on (and therefore, we are
 * not in the correct address space).  We have to calculate the offset.
 *
 *  r1 = machine architecture number
 * Returns:
 *  r3, r4, r6 corrupted
 *  r5 = mach_info pointer in physical address space
 */
	.type	__lookup_machine_type, %function
__lookup_machine_type:
	adr	r3, 3b
	ldmia	r3, {r4, r5, r6}
	sub	r3, r3, r4			@ get offset between virt&phys
	add	r5, r5, r3			@ convert virt addresses to
	add	r6, r6, r3			@ physical address space
1:	ldr	r3, [r5, #MACHINFO_TYPE]	@ get machine type
	teq	r3, r1				@ matches loader number?
	beq	2f				@ found
	add	r5, r5, #SIZEOF_MACHINE_DESC	@ next machine_desc
	cmp	r5, r6
	blo	1b
	mov	r5, #0				@ unknown machine
2:	mov	pc, lr

/*
 * This provides a C-API version of the above function.
 */
ENTRY(lookup_machine_type)
	stmfd	sp!, {r4 - r6, lr}
	mov	r1, r0
	bl	__lookup_machine_type
	mov	r0, r5
	ldmfd	sp!, {r4 - r6, pc}