python opencv基本操作

1.打开保存图片

import cv2
img = cv2.imread("flower.jpg")
cv2.imshow("image",img)
k = cv2.waitKey(0)
if k==27:
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()
elif k == ord('s'):
    cv2.imwrite("save.png",img)
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()

2.plt显示图片

import numpy as np
import cv2
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

img = cv2.imread('flower.jpg',0)
plt.imshow(img,cmap = 'gray', interpolation = 'bicubic')
plt.xticks(),plt.yticks()
plt.show()

3.opencv绘图写字

import numpy as np
import cv2
img = np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8)
cv2.line(img,(0,0),(511,511),(255,0,0),5)
cv2.rectangle(img,(384,0),(510,128),(0,255,0),3)
cv2.circle(img,(447,63),63,(0,0,255),-1)
cv2.ellipse(img,(256,256),(100,50),0,0,180,255,-1)
pts = np.array([[10,5],[20,30],[70,20],[50,10]],np.int32)
pts = pts.reshape((-1,1,2))
font=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
cv2.putText(img,'OpenCV',(10,500), font, 4,(255,255,255),2)
winname = 'example'
cv2.namedWindow(winname)
cv2.imshow(winname, img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyWindow(winname)

4.鼠标响应事件

import cv2
import numpy as np
#mouse callback function
def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
    if event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
        cv2.circle(img,(x,y),100,(255,0,0),-1)
# 创建图像与窗口并将窗口与回调函数绑定
img=np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle)
while(1):
    cv2.imshow('image',img)
    if cv2.waitKey(20)&0xFF==27:
        break
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

5.高级一点的鼠标响应事件

import cv2
import numpy as np
# 当鼠标按下时变为 True
drawing=False
# 如果 mode 为 true 绘制矩形。按下 'm' 变成绘制曲线。
mode=True
ix,iy=-1,-1
# 创建回调函数
def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
    global ix,iy,drawing,mode
# 当按下左键是返回起始位置坐标
    if event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        drawing=True
        ix,iy=x,y
# 当鼠标左键按下并移动是绘制图形。 event 可以查看移动, flag 查看是否按下
    elif event==cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE and flags==cv2.EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON:
        if drawing==True:
            if mode==True:
                cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),(0,255,0),-1)
            else:
                # 绘制圆圈,小圆点连在一起就成了线, 3 代表了笔画的粗细
                cv2.circle(img,(x,y),3,(0,0,255),-1)
                # 下面注释掉的代码是起始点为圆心,起点到终点为半径的
                #r=int(np.sqrt((x-ix)**2+(y-iy)**2))
                #cv2.circle(img,(x,y),r,(0,0,255),-1)
                # 当鼠标松开停止绘画。
    elif event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
        drawing==False
        #if mode==True:
        #cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),(0,255,0),-1)
        #else:
        #cv2.circle(img,(x,y),5,(0,0,255),-1)
img=np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle)
while(1):
    cv2.imshow('image',img)
    k=cv2.waitKey(1)&0xFF
    if k==ord('m'):
        mode=not mode
    elif k==27:
        break

6.用滑动条作调色板

import cv2
import numpy as np
def nothing(x):
    pass
# 创建一副黑色图像
img=np.zeros((300,512,3),np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.createTrackbar('R','image',0,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('G','image',0,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('B','image',0,255,nothing)
switch='0:OFF\n1:ON'
cv2.createTrackbar(switch,'image',0,1,nothing)
while(1):
    cv2.imshow('image',img)
    k=cv2.waitKey(1)&0xFF
    if k==27:
        break
    r=cv2.getTrackbarPos('R','image')
    g=cv2.getTrackbarPos('G','image')
    b=cv2.getTrackbarPos('B','image')
    s=cv2.getTrackbarPos(switch,'image')
    if s==0:
        img[:]=0
    else:
        img[:]=[b,g,r]
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

7.一个综合例子

import cv2
import numpy as np
def nothing(x):
    pass
# 当鼠标按下时变为 True
drawing=False
# 如果 mode 为 true 绘制矩形。按下 'm' 变成绘制曲线。
mode=True
ix,iy=-1,-1
# 创建回调函数
def draw_circle(event,x,y,flags,param):
    r=cv2.getTrackbarPos('R','image')
    g=cv2.getTrackbarPos('G','image')
    b=cv2.getTrackbarPos('B','image')
    color=(b,g,r)
    global ix,iy,drawing,mode
# 当按下左键是返回起始位置坐标
    if event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        drawing=True
        ix,iy=x,y
        # 当鼠标左键按下并移动是绘制图形。 event 可以查看移动, flag 查看是否按下
    elif event==cv2.EVENT_MOUSEMOVE and flags==cv2.EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON:
        if drawing==True:
            if mode==True:
                cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),color,-1)
            else:
                # 绘制圆圈,小圆点连在一起就成了线, 3 代表了笔画的粗细
                cv2.circle(img,(x,y),3,color,-1)
                # 下面注释掉的代码是起始点为圆心,起点到终点为半径的
                #r=int(np.sqrt((x-ix)**2+(y-iy)**2))
                #cv2.circle(img,(x,y),r,(0,0,255),-1)
                # 当鼠标松开停止绘画。
    elif event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
        drawing==False
        # if mode==True:
        # cv2.rectangle(img,(ix,iy),(x,y),(0,255,0),-1)
        # else:
        # cv2.circle(img,(x,y),5,(0,0,255),-1)
img=np.zeros((512,512,3),np.uint8)
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.createTrackbar('R','image',0,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('G','image',0,255,nothing)
cv2.createTrackbar('B','image',0,255,nothing)
cv2.setMouseCallback('image',draw_circle)
while(1):
    cv2.imshow('image',img)
    k=cv2.waitKey(1)&0xFF
    if k==ord('m'):
        mode=not mode
    elif k==27:
        break