在vmware上安装了centos7,安装了nginx。使用sbin/nginx -c conf/nginx.conf是可以成功启动的,然后我想做成开机启动之类的,使用systemctl start/stop nginx来控制nginx。
当我执行命令 systemctl start nginx ,结果卡在那里动不了,只能使用ctrl+c来结束,这个时候使用浏览器访问80端口,发现是成功,ps -ef | grep nginx是存在的,说明nginx启动成功了,只不过是systemctl没有成功结束。然后开始找原因。
我在/etc/init.d/下建了nginx文件,这个文件是我从另外一个服务器上面直接复制下来的,说明这个文件是没有问题的。因为现在这个nginx和另外一个服务器上的nginx的安装是一样位置。
文件内容:
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
if [ -n "$user" ]; then
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
fi
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
文件创建之后,不管我是使用/etc/init.d/nginx start 还是使用 /etc/init.d/nginx stop都达不到预期的作用,/etc/init.d/nginx start和systemctl start nginx都是一样卡在那里动不了,只能使用ctrl+c来结束。/etc/init.d/nginx stop和systemctl stop nginx也是停止不了nginx,只能pkill -9 nginx 干掉nginx。
使用 system status nginx 查看状态:
[root@bogon nginx]# systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - SYSV: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: activating (start) since Sat 2019-05-25 22:41:57 EDT; 3min 18s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 9963 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 9988 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 9941 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
├─10005 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
└─10006 nginx: worker process
May 25 22:41:57 bogon systemd[1]: Starting SYSV: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse proxy and IMA...ver...
May 25 22:41:57 bogon nginx[9988]: Starting nginx: [ OK ]
May 25 22:41:57 bogon systemd[1]: PID file /var/run/nginx.pid not readable (yet?) after start.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
搞了好久,死活不能成功。权限方面都看过了,没有发现问题。在/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf文件里面明确指定了pid文件路径,在 /usr/local/nginx目录下,执行 sbin/nginx -c conf/nginx.conf 是成功的,pid文件也确实是自己指定,使用 ps -ef | grep nginx 得到的id确实是指定的pid文件里面的数字。
最后,我干脆就把pid的路径设置成 /var/run/nginx.pid
结果就成功,这个说明是pid的文件的设置问题,为什么会有这种现象呢???。
当我执行命令:systemctl enable nginx 时,报错了:
[root@bogon system]# systemctl enable nginx
nginx.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig nginx on
百度了一下,然后只能在/lib/systemd/system/目录下面创建nginx.service
[root@bogon system]# pwd
/lib/systemd/system
[root@bogon system]# vi nginx.service
文件内容:
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
然后再执行命令:systemctl enable nginx
[root@bogon system]# pwd
/lib/systemd/system
[root@bogon system]# vi nginx.service
[root@bogon system]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@bogon system]#
成功了。
然后我再次在 /usr/local/nginx/conf/ngin.conf 配置文件中重新指定pid的路径,结果成功了。
经过这一路的走来,得出个人的肤浅的心得:
不是通过yum install nginx 来安装nginx的,手动下载原码编译安装nginx。在没有创建 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service 之前,只创建 /etc/init.d/nginx 文件,是不能使用systemctl功能来 start/stop控制nginx的。systemctl应该是通过service stat/stop的功能来控制nginx。当 /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service 不存在时,也就是nginx不能通过service功能来start/stop 时,systemctl start/stop nginx 也就不能正常工作了。当创建了 /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service 之后,service start / stop nginx的功能正常了,systemctl start / stop nginx的功能也就可以用了。
不知道我这个新的理解是否正确,恳请大牛们指点指点。