QT(4)—— QEventLoop unix

/*****************************************************************************
  Main event loop wrappers
 *****************************************************************************/

/*!
    Enters the main event loop and waits until exit() is called.
    Returns the value that was set to exit() (which is 0 if exit() is
    called via quit()).

    It is necessary to call this function to start event handling. The
    main event loop receives events from the window system and
    dispatches these to the application widgets.

    To make your application perform idle processing (by executing a
    special function whenever there are no pending events), use a
    QTimer with 0 timeout. More advanced idle processing schemes can
    be achieved using processEvents().

    We recommend that you connect clean-up code to the
    \l{QCoreApplication::}{aboutToQuit()} signal, instead of putting it in
    your application's \c{main()} function because on some platforms the
    exec() call may not return. For example, on Windows
    when the user logs off, the system terminates the process after Qt
    closes all top-level windows. Hence, there is no guarantee that the
    application will have time to exit its event loop and execute code at
    the end of the \c{main()} function after the exec()
    call.

    \sa quit(), exit(), processEvents(), QApplication::exec()
*/
int QCoreApplication::exec()
{
    if (!QCoreApplicationPrivate::checkInstance("exec"))
        return -1;

    QThreadData *threadData = self->d_func()->threadData;
    if (threadData != QThreadData::current()) {
        qWarning("%s::exec: Must be called from the main thread", self->metaObject()->className());
        return -1;
    }
    if (!threadData->eventLoops.isEmpty()) {
        qWarning("QCoreApplication::exec: The event loop is already running");
        return -1;
    }

    threadData->quitNow = false;
    QEventLoop eventLoop;
    self->d_func()->in_exec = true;
    self->d_func()->aboutToQuitEmitted = false;
    int returnCode = eventLoop.exec();
    threadData->quitNow = false;
    if (self) {
        self->d_func()->in_exec = false;
        if (!self->d_func()->aboutToQuitEmitted)
            emit self->aboutToQuit(QPrivateSignal());
        self->d_func()->aboutToQuitEmitted = true;
        sendPostedEvents(0, QEvent::DeferredDelete);
    }

    return returnCode;
}

QEventLoop::QEventLoop(QObject *parent)
    : QObject(*new QEventLoopPrivate, parent)
{
    Q_D(QEventLoop);
    if (!QCoreApplication::instance()) {
        qWarning("QEventLoop: Cannot be used without QApplication");
    } else if (!d->threadData->eventDispatcher.load()) {
        QThreadPrivate::createEventDispatcher(d->threadData);
    }
}

/*!
    \internal
 */
QObject::QObject(QObjectPrivate &dd, QObject *parent)
    : d_ptr(&dd)
{
    Q_D(QObject);
    d_ptr->q_ptr = this;
    //d->threadData 在这里赋值
    d->threadData = (parent && !parent->thread()) ? parent->d_func()->threadData : QThreadData::current();
    d->threadData->ref();
    if (parent) {
        QT_TRY {
            if (!check_parent_thread(parent, parent ? parent->d_func()->threadData : 0, d->threadData))
                parent = 0;
            if (d->isWidget) {
                if (parent) {
                    d->parent = parent;
                    d->parent->d_func()->children.append(this);
                }
                // no events sent here, this is done at the end of the QWidget constructor
            } else {
                setParent(parent);
            }
        } QT_CATCH(...) {
            d->threadData->deref();
            QT_RETHROW;
        }
    }
    qt_addObject(this);
    if (Q_UNLIKELY(qtHookData[QHooks::AddQObject]))
        reinterpret_cast<QHooks::AddQObjectCallback>(qtHookData[QHooks::AddQObject])(this);
}

还是用了宏定义限定，构造一个操作系统相关的事件分发器

void QCoreApplicationPrivate::createEventDispatcher()
{
    Q_Q(QCoreApplication);
#if defined(Q_OS_UNIX)
#  if defined(Q_OS_BLACKBERRY)
    eventDispatcher = new QEventDispatcherBlackberry(q);
#  else
#  if !defined(QT_NO_GLIB)
    if (qEnvironmentVariableIsEmpty("QT_NO_GLIB") && QEventDispatcherGlib::versionSupported())
        eventDispatcher = new QEventDispatcherGlib(q);
    else
#  endif
        eventDispatcher = new QEventDispatcherUNIX(q);
#  endif
#elif defined(Q_OS_WINRT)
    eventDispatcher = new QEventDispatcherWinRT(q);
#elif defined(Q_OS_WIN)
    eventDispatcher = new QEventDispatcherWin32(q);
#else
#  error "QEventDispatcher not yet ported to this platform"
#endif
}

实现其中的接口方法，implement。

class Q_CORE_EXPORT QEventDispatcherUNIX : public QAbstractEventDispatcher
{
    Q_OBJECT
    Q_DECLARE_PRIVATE(QEventDispatcherUNIX)

public:
    explicit QEventDispatcherUNIX(QObject *parent = 0);
    ~QEventDispatcherUNIX();

    bool processEvents(QEventLoop::ProcessEventsFlags flags);
    bool hasPendingEvents();

    void registerSocketNotifier(QSocketNotifier *notifier) FINAL_EXCEPT_BLACKBERRY;
    void unregisterSocketNotifier(QSocketNotifier *notifier) FINAL_EXCEPT_BLACKBERRY;

    void registerTimer(int timerId, int interval, Qt::TimerType timerType, QObject *object) Q_DECL_FINAL;
    bool unregisterTimer(int timerId) Q_DECL_FINAL;
    bool unregisterTimers(QObject *object) Q_DECL_FINAL;
    QList<TimerInfo> registeredTimers(QObject *object) const Q_DECL_FINAL;

    int remainingTime(int timerId) Q_DECL_FINAL;

    void wakeUp() FINAL_EXCEPT_BLACKBERRY;
    void interrupt() Q_DECL_FINAL;
    void flush();

protected:
    QEventDispatcherUNIX(QEventDispatcherUNIXPrivate &dd, QObject *parent = 0);

    void setSocketNotifierPending(QSocketNotifier *notifier);

    int activateTimers();
    int activateSocketNotifiers();

    virtual int select(int nfds,
                       fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set *exceptfds,
                       timespec *timeout);
};

class Q_CORE_EXPORT QEventDispatcherUNIXPrivate : public QAbstractEventDispatcherPrivate
{
    Q_DECLARE_PUBLIC(QEventDispatcherUNIX)

public:
    QEventDispatcherUNIXPrivate();
    ~QEventDispatcherUNIXPrivate();

    int doSelect(QEventLoop::ProcessEventsFlags flags, timespec *timeout);
    virtual int initThreadWakeUp() FINAL_EXCEPT_BLACKBERRY;
    virtual int processThreadWakeUp(int nsel) FINAL_EXCEPT_BLACKBERRY;

    bool mainThread;

    // note for eventfd(7) support:
    // if thread_pipe[1] is -1, then eventfd(7) is in use and is stored in thread_pipe[0]
    int thread_pipe[2];

    // highest fd for all socket notifiers
    int sn_highest;
    // 3 socket notifier types - read, write and exception
    QSockNotType sn_vec[3];

    QTimerInfoList timerList;

    // pending socket notifiers list
    QSockNotType::List sn_pending_list;

    QAtomicInt wakeUps;
    QAtomicInt interrupt; // bool
};

回到eventloop的exec

/*!
    Enters the main event loop and waits until exit() is called.
    Returns the value that was passed to exit().

    If \a flags are specified, only events of the types allowed by
    the \a flags will be processed.

    It is necessary to call this function to start event handling. The
    main event loop receives events from the window system and
    dispatches these to the application widgets.

    Generally speaking, no user interaction can take place before
    calling exec(). As a special case, modal widgets like QMessageBox
    can be used before calling exec(), because modal widgets
    use their own local event loop.

    To make your application perform idle processing (i.e. executing a
    special function whenever there are no pending events), use a
    QTimer with 0 timeout. More sophisticated idle processing schemes
    can be achieved using processEvents().

    \sa QCoreApplication::quit(), exit(), processEvents()
*/
int QEventLoop::exec(ProcessEventsFlags flags)
{
    Q_D(QEventLoop);
    //we need to protect from race condition with QThread::exit
    QMutexLocker locker(&static_cast<QThreadPrivate *>(QObjectPrivate::get(d->threadData->thread))->mutex);
    if (d->threadData->quitNow)
        return -1;

    if (d->inExec) {
        qWarning("QEventLoop::exec: instance %p has already called exec()", this);
        return -1;
    }

    struct LoopReference {
        QEventLoopPrivate *d;
        QMutexLocker &locker;

        bool exceptionCaught;
        LoopReference(QEventLoopPrivate *d, QMutexLocker &locker) : d(d), locker(locker), exceptionCaught(true)
        {
            d->inExec = true;
            d->exit.storeRelease(false);
            ++d->threadData->loopLevel;
            d->threadData->eventLoops.push(d->q_func());
            locker.unlock();
        }

        ~LoopReference()
        {
            if (exceptionCaught) {
                qWarning("Qt has caught an exception thrown from an event handler. Throwing\n"
                         "exceptions from an event handler is not supported in Qt. You must\n"
                         "reimplement QApplication::notify() and catch all exceptions there.\n");
            }
            locker.relock();
            QEventLoop *eventLoop = d->threadData->eventLoops.pop();
            Q_ASSERT_X(eventLoop == d->q_func(), "QEventLoop::exec()", "internal error");
            Q_UNUSED(eventLoop); // --release warning
            d->inExec = false;
            --d->threadData->loopLevel;
        }
    };
    LoopReference ref(d, locker);

    // remove posted quit events when entering a new event loop
    QCoreApplication *app = QCoreApplication::instance();
    if (app && app->thread() == thread())
        QCoreApplication::removePostedEvents(app, QEvent::Quit);

    while (!d->exit.loadAcquire())
        processEvents(flags | WaitForMoreEvents | EventLoopExec);

    ref.exceptionCaught = false;
    return d->returnCode.load();
}

一步步的进入d->threadData->eventDispatcher中操作系统相关的事件分发器

/*!
    Processes pending events that match \a flags until there are no
    more events to process. Returns \c true if pending events were handled;
    otherwise returns \c false.

    This function is especially useful if you have a long running
    operation and want to show its progress without allowing user
    input; i.e. by using the \l ExcludeUserInputEvents flag.

    This function is simply a wrapper for
    QAbstractEventDispatcher::processEvents(). See the documentation
    for that function for details.
*/
bool QEventLoop::processEvents(ProcessEventsFlags flags)
{
    Q_D(QEventLoop);
    if (!d->threadData->eventDispatcher.load())
        return false;
    return d->threadData->eventDispatcher.load()->processEvents(flags);
}

QEventDispatcherUNIX::processEvents

bool QEventDispatcherUNIX::processEvents(QEventLoop::ProcessEventsFlags flags)
{
    Q_D(QEventDispatcherUNIX);
    d->interrupt.store(0);

    // we are awake, broadcast it
    emit awake();
    QCoreApplicationPrivate::sendPostedEvents(0, 0, d->threadData);

    int nevents = 0;
    const bool canWait = (d->threadData->canWaitLocked()
                          && !d->interrupt.load()
                          && (flags & QEventLoop::WaitForMoreEvents));

    if (canWait)
        emit aboutToBlock();

    if (!d->interrupt.load()) {
        // return the maximum time we can wait for an event.
        timespec *tm = 0;
        timespec wait_tm = { 0l, 0l };
        if (!(flags & QEventLoop::X11ExcludeTimers)) {
            if (d->timerList.timerWait(wait_tm))
                tm = &wait_tm;
        }

        if (!canWait) {
            if (!tm)
                tm = &wait_tm;

            // no time to wait
            tm->tv_sec  = 0l;
            tm->tv_nsec = 0l;
        }

        nevents = d->doSelect(flags, tm);

        // activate timers
        if (! (flags & QEventLoop::X11ExcludeTimers)) {
            nevents += activateTimers();
        }
    }
    // return true if we handled events, false otherwise
    return (nevents > 0);
}

QEventDispatcherUNIXPrivate::doSelect

int QEventDispatcherUNIXPrivate::doSelect(QEventLoop::ProcessEventsFlags flags, timespec *timeout)
{
    Q_Q(QEventDispatcherUNIX);

    // needed in QEventDispatcherUNIX::select()
    timerList.updateCurrentTime();

    int nsel;
    do {
        // Process timers and socket notifiers - the common UNIX stuff
        int highest = 0;
        if (! (flags & QEventLoop::ExcludeSocketNotifiers) && (sn_highest >= 0)) {
            // return the highest fd we can wait for input on
                sn_vec[0].select_fds = sn_vec[0].enabled_fds;
                sn_vec[1].select_fds = sn_vec[1].enabled_fds;
                sn_vec[2].select_fds = sn_vec[2].enabled_fds;
            highest = sn_highest;
        } else {
            FD_ZERO(&sn_vec[0].select_fds);
            FD_ZERO(&sn_vec[1].select_fds);
            FD_ZERO(&sn_vec[2].select_fds);
        }

        int wakeUpFd = initThreadWakeUp();
        highest = qMax(highest, wakeUpFd);

        nsel = q->select(highest + 1,
                         &sn_vec[0].select_fds,
                         &sn_vec[1].select_fds,
                         &sn_vec[2].select_fds,
                         timeout);
    } while (nsel == -1 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN));

    if (nsel == -1) {
        if (errno == EBADF) {
            // it seems a socket notifier has a bad fd... find out
            // which one it is and disable it
            fd_set fdset;
            timeval tm;
            tm.tv_sec = tm.tv_usec = 0l;

            for (int type = 0; type < 3; ++type) {
                QSockNotType::List &list = sn_vec[type].list;
                if (list.size() == 0)
                    continue;

                for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); ++i) {
                    QSockNot *sn = list[i];

                    FD_ZERO(&fdset);
                    FD_SET(sn->fd, &fdset);

                    int ret = -1;
                    do {
                        switch (type) {
                        case 0: // read
                            ret = select(sn->fd + 1, &fdset, 0, 0, &tm);
                            break;
                        case 1: // write
                            ret = select(sn->fd + 1, 0, &fdset, 0, &tm);
                            break;
                        case 2: // except
                            ret = select(sn->fd + 1, 0, 0, &fdset, &tm);
                            break;
                        }
                    } while (ret == -1 && (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN));

                    if (ret == -1 && errno == EBADF) {
                        // disable the invalid socket notifier
                        static const char *t[] = { "Read", "Write", "Exception" };
                        qWarning("QSocketNotifier: Invalid socket %d and type '%s', disabling...",
                                 sn->fd, t[type]);
                        sn->obj->setEnabled(false);
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            // EINVAL... shouldn't happen, so let's complain to stderr
            // and hope someone sends us a bug report
            perror("select");
        }
    }

    int nevents = processThreadWakeUp(nsel);

    // activate socket notifiers
    if (! (flags & QEventLoop::ExcludeSocketNotifiers) && nsel > 0 && sn_highest >= 0) {
        // if select says data is ready on any socket, then set the socket notifier
        // to pending
        for (int i=0; i<3; i++) {
            QSockNotType::List &list = sn_vec[i].list;
            for (int j = 0; j < list.size(); ++j) {
                QSockNot *sn = list[j];
                if (FD_ISSET(sn->fd, &sn_vec[i].select_fds))
                    q->setSocketNotifierPending(sn->obj);
            }
        }
    }
    return (nevents + q->activateSocketNotifiers());
}