Debian 9.9 文件系统制作 For V3s

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当前环境：ubuntu16 64位
移植对象：V3s

###---------------------------------①----------------------------------------------------------
mkdir /opt/rootfs -p

apt-get install debootstrap -y
apt-get install qemu-user-static -y

cd /opt/
#debootstrap --foreign --verbose --arch=armhf  stretch rootfs http://ftp2.cn.debian.org/debian 
debootstrap --foreign --verbose --arch=armhf stretch rootfs http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian


###挂载###
mount --bind /dev   /opt/rootfs/dev/
mount --bind /sys   /opt/rootfs/sys/
mount --bind /proc   /opt/rootfs/proc/
mount --bind /dev/pts /opt/rootfs/dev/pts/

cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static /opt/rootfs/usr/bin/
chmod +x /opt/rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static
   
###解压###
LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot rootfs /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage --verbose

###可以在这个时候, 安装任何东西###
LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot rootfs
	#安装SSH
	apt install ssh
		##方向键变ABCD问题解决如下
 		 echo "set nocp" >> ~/.vimrc
		 source ~/.vimrc
	#修改sshd_config文件SSH支持root登录
	vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
	添加 PermitRootLogin yes

###删除qemu-arm-static, 深藏功与名###
rm rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static

###卸载###
umount /opt/rootfs/dev/
umount /opt/rootfs/sys/
umount /opt/rootfs/proc/
umount /opt/rootfs/dev/pts/

cd /opt/rootfs/

tar cvzf ../debian9.9.rootfs.gz .

###解压debian9.9.rootfs.gz到SD卡

###-----------------------------------②----------------------------------------------------------------

如果前面没设置root密码，后续设置root密码操作：

cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static /opt/rootfs/usr/bin/
chmod +x /opt/rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static
LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot rootfs
passwd  root
输入两次密码。
exit
cd /opt/rootfs/
tar cvzf ../debian9.9.rootfs.gz .
###解压debian9.9.rootfs.gz到SD卡


③----------------------------------------------------------------

后面安装软件
cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static /opt/rootfs/usr/bin/
chmod +x /opt/rootfs/usr/bin/qemu-arm-static
LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot rootfs
####安装ifconfig支持软件
	apt install net-tools

exit
cd /opt/rootfs/
tar cvzf ../debian9.9.rootfs.gz .
###解压debian9.9.rootfs.gz到SD卡


####其他

更改源：
vi /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://ftp2.cn.debian.org/debian stretch main

执行debootstrap --foreign --verbose --arch=armhf stretch rootfs http://ftp2.cn.debian.org/debian 如下所示：

W: Cannot check Release signature; keyring file not available /usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg
I: Retrieving InRelease 
I: Retrieving Release 
I: Retrieving Packages 
I: Validating Packages 
I: Resolving dependencies of required packages...
I: Resolving dependencies of base packages...
I: Found additional required dependencies: libaudit-common libaudit1 libbz2-1.0 libcap-ng0 libdb5.3 libdebconfclient0 libgcrypt20 libgpg-error0 liblz4-1 libncursesw5 libsemanage-common libsemanage1 libsystemd0 libudev1 libustr-1.0-1 
I: Found additional base dependencies: dmsetup gnupg-agent libapparmor1 libassuan0 libbsd0 libcap2 libcryptsetup4 libdevmapper1.02.1 libdns-export162 libelf1 libfastjson4 libffi6 libgmp10 libgnutls30 libhogweed4 libidn11 libidn2-0 libip4tc0 libip6tc0 libiptc0 libisc-export160 libksba8 liblocale-gettext-perl liblognorm5 libmnl0 libncurses5 libnetfilter-conntrack3 libnettle6 libnfnetlink0 libnpth0 libp11-kit0 libpsl5 libseccomp2 libsqlite3-0 libtasn1-6 libtext-charwidth-perl libtext-iconv-perl libtext-wrapi18n-perl libunistring0 libxtables12 pinentry-curses xxd 
I: Checking component main on http://ftp2.cn.debian.org/debian...
I: Retrieving libacl1 2.2.52-3+b1
I: Validating libacl1 2.2.52-3+b1
I: Retrieving adduser 3.115
I: Validating adduser 3.115
I: Retrieving libapparmor1 2.11.0-3+deb9u2
I: Validating libapparmor1 2.11.0-3+deb9u2
I: Retrieving apt 1.4.9
I: Validating apt 1.4.9
I: Retrieving apt-utils 1.4.9
I: Validating apt-utils 1.4.9
I: Retrieving libapt-inst2.0 1.4.9
I: Validating libapt-inst2.0 1.4.9
I: Retrieving libapt-pkg5.0 1.4.9
I: Validating libapt-pkg5.0 1.4.9
I: Retrieving libattr1 1:2.4.47-2+b2
I: Validating libattr1 1:2.4.47-2+b2
I: Retrieving libaudit-common 1:2.6.7-2
I: Validating libaudit-common 1:2.6.7-2
I: Retrieving libaudit1 1:2.6.7-2
I: Validating libaudit1 1:2.6.7-2
I: Retrieving base-files 9.9+deb9u11
I: Validating base-files 9.9+deb9u11
I: Retrieving base-passwd 3.5.43
I: Validating base-passwd 3.5.43
I: Retrieving bash 4.4-5
I: Validating bash 4.4-5
I: Retrieving libdns-export162 1:9.10.3.dfsg.P4-12.3+deb9u5
I: Validating libdns-export162 1:9.10.3.dfsg.P4-12.3+deb9u5
I: Retrieving libisc-export160 1:9.10.3.dfsg.P4-12.3+deb9u5
I: Validating libisc-export160 1:9.10.3.dfsg.P4-12.3+deb9u5
I: Retrieving bsdmainutils 9.0.12+nmu1
I: Validating bsdmainutils 9.0.12+nmu1
I: Retrieving libbz2-1.0 1.0.6-8.1
I: Validating libbz2-1.0 1.0.6-8.1
I: Retrieving libdebconfclient0 0.227
I: Validating libdebconfclient0 0.227
I: Retrieving coreutils 8.26-3
I: Validating coreutils 8.26-3
I: Retrieving cpio 2.11+dfsg-6
I: Validating cpio 2.11+dfsg-6
I: Retrieving cron 3.0pl1-128+deb9u1
I: Validating cron 3.0pl1-128+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libcryptsetup4 2:1.7.3-4
I: Validating libcryptsetup4 2:1.7.3-4
I: Retrieving dash 0.5.8-2.4
I: Validating dash 0.5.8-2.4
I: Retrieving libdb5.3 5.3.28-12+deb9u1
I: Validating libdb5.3 5.3.28-12+deb9u1
I: Retrieving debconf 1.5.61
I: Validating debconf 1.5.61
I: Retrieving debconf-i18n 1.5.61
I: Validating debconf-i18n 1.5.61
I: Retrieving debian-archive-keyring 2017.5+deb9u1
I: Validating debian-archive-keyring 2017.5+deb9u1
I: Retrieving debianutils 4.8.1.1
I: Validating debianutils 4.8.1.1
I: Retrieving diffutils 1:3.5-3
I: Validating diffutils 1:3.5-3
I: Retrieving dmidecode 3.0-4
I: Validating dmidecode 3.0-4
I: Retrieving dpkg 1.18.25
I: Validating dpkg 1.18.25
I: Retrieving e2fslibs 1.43.4-2
I: Validating e2fslibs 1.43.4-2
I: Retrieving e2fsprogs 1.43.4-2
I: Validating e2fsprogs 1.43.4-2
I: Retrieving libcomerr2 1.43.4-2
I: Validating libcomerr2 1.43.4-2
I: Retrieving libss2 1.43.4-2
I: Validating libss2 1.43.4-2
I: Retrieving libelf1 0.168-1
I: Validating libelf1 0.168-1
I: Retrieving findutils 4.6.0+git+20161106-2
I: Validating findutils 4.6.0+git+20161106-2
I: Retrieving gcc-6-base 6.3.0-18+deb9u1
I: Validating gcc-6-base 6.3.0-18+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libgcc1 1:6.3.0-18+deb9u1
I: Validating libgcc1 1:6.3.0-18+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libstdc++6 6.3.0-18+deb9u1
I: Validating libstdc++6 6.3.0-18+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libgdbm3 1.8.3-14
I: Validating libgdbm3 1.8.3-14
I: Retrieving libc-bin 2.24-11+deb9u4
I: Validating libc-bin 2.24-11+deb9u4
I: Retrieving libc6 2.24-11+deb9u4
I: Validating libc6 2.24-11+deb9u4
I: Retrieving multiarch-support 2.24-11+deb9u4
I: Validating multiarch-support 2.24-11+deb9u4
I: Retrieving libgmp10 2:6.1.2+dfsg-1
I: Validating libgmp10 2:6.1.2+dfsg-1
I: Retrieving gnupg 2.1.18-8~deb9u4
I: Validating gnupg 2.1.18-8~deb9u4
I: Retrieving gnupg-agent 2.1.18-8~deb9u4
I: Validating gnupg-agent 2.1.18-8~deb9u4
I: Retrieving gpgv 2.1.18-8~deb9u4
I: Validating gpgv 2.1.18-8~deb9u4
I: Retrieving libgnutls30 3.5.8-5+deb9u4
I: Validating libgnutls30 3.5.8-5+deb9u4
I: Retrieving grep 2.27-2
I: Validating grep 2.27-2
I: Retrieving gzip 1.6-5+b1
I: Validating gzip 1.6-5+b1
I: Retrieving hostname 3.18+b1
I: Validating hostname 3.18+b1
I: Retrieving ifupdown 0.8.19
I: Validating ifupdown 0.8.19
I: Retrieving init 1.48
I: Validating init 1.48
I: Retrieving init-system-helpers 1.48
I: Validating init-system-helpers 1.48
I: Retrieving iproute2 4.9.0-1+deb9u1
I: Validating iproute2 4.9.0-1+deb9u1
I: Retrieving iptables 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Validating iptables 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Retrieving libip4tc0 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Validating libip4tc0 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Retrieving libip6tc0 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Validating libip6tc0 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Retrieving libiptc0 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Validating libiptc0 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Retrieving libxtables12 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Validating libxtables12 1.6.0+snapshot20161117-6
I: Retrieving iputils-ping 3:20161105-1
I: Validating iputils-ping 3:20161105-1
I: Retrieving isc-dhcp-client 4.3.5-3+deb9u1
I: Validating isc-dhcp-client 4.3.5-3+deb9u1
I: Retrieving isc-dhcp-common 4.3.5-3+deb9u1
I: Validating isc-dhcp-common 4.3.5-3+deb9u1
I: Retrieving kmod 23-2
I: Validating kmod 23-2
I: Retrieving libkmod2 23-2
I: Validating libkmod2 23-2
I: Retrieving libassuan0 2.4.3-2
I: Validating libassuan0 2.4.3-2
I: Retrieving libbsd0 0.8.3-1
I: Validating libbsd0 0.8.3-1
I: Retrieving libcap-ng0 0.7.7-3+b1
I: Validating libcap-ng0 0.7.7-3+b1
I: Retrieving libcap2 1:2.25-1
I: Validating libcap2 1:2.25-1
I: Retrieving libestr0 0.1.10-2
I: Validating libestr0 0.1.10-2
I: Retrieving libfastjson4 0.99.4-1
I: Validating libfastjson4 0.99.4-1
I: Retrieving libffi6 3.2.1-6
I: Validating libffi6 3.2.1-6
I: Retrieving libgcrypt20 1.7.6-2+deb9u3
I: Validating libgcrypt20 1.7.6-2+deb9u3
I: Retrieving libgpg-error0 1.26-2
I: Validating libgpg-error0 1.26-2
I: Retrieving libidn11 1.33-1
I: Validating libidn11 1.33-1
I: Retrieving libidn2-0 0.16-1+deb9u1
I: Validating libidn2-0 0.16-1+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libksba8 1.3.5-2
I: Validating libksba8 1.3.5-2
I: Retrieving liblocale-gettext-perl 1.07-3+b1
I: Validating liblocale-gettext-perl 1.07-3+b1
I: Retrieving liblogging-stdlog0 1.0.5-2+b2
I: Validating liblogging-stdlog0 1.0.5-2+b2
I: Retrieving liblognorm5 2.0.1-1.1+b1
I: Validating liblognorm5 2.0.1-1.1+b1
I: Retrieving libmnl0 1.0.4-2
I: Validating libmnl0 1.0.4-2
I: Retrieving libnetfilter-conntrack3 1.0.6-2
I: Validating libnetfilter-conntrack3 1.0.6-2
I: Retrieving libnfnetlink0 1.0.1-3
I: Validating libnfnetlink0 1.0.1-3
I: Retrieving libpipeline1 1.4.1-2
I: Validating libpipeline1 1.4.1-2
I: Retrieving libpsl5 0.17.0-3
I: Validating libpsl5 0.17.0-3
I: Retrieving libseccomp2 2.3.1-2.1+deb9u1
I: Validating libseccomp2 2.3.1-2.1+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libselinux1 2.6-3+b3
I: Validating libselinux1 2.6-3+b3
I: Retrieving libsemanage-common 2.6-2
I: Validating libsemanage-common 2.6-2
I: Retrieving libsemanage1 2.6-2
I: Validating libsemanage1 2.6-2
I: Retrieving libsepol1 2.6-2
I: Validating libsepol1 2.6-2
I: Retrieving libtasn1-6 4.10-1.1+deb9u1
I: Validating libtasn1-6 4.10-1.1+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libtext-charwidth-perl 0.04-7+b6
I: Validating libtext-charwidth-perl 0.04-7+b6
I: Retrieving libtext-iconv-perl 1.7-5+b4
I: Validating libtext-iconv-perl 1.7-5+b4
I: Retrieving libtext-wrapi18n-perl 0.06-7.1
I: Validating libtext-wrapi18n-perl 0.06-7.1
I: Retrieving libunistring0 0.9.6+really0.9.3-0.1
I: Validating libunistring0 0.9.6+really0.9.3-0.1
I: Retrieving logrotate 3.11.0-0.1
I: Validating logrotate 3.11.0-0.1
I: Retrieving lsb-base 9.20161125
I: Validating lsb-base 9.20161125
I: Retrieving dmsetup 2:1.02.137-2
I: Validating dmsetup 2:1.02.137-2
I: Retrieving libdevmapper1.02.1 2:1.02.137-2
I: Validating libdevmapper1.02.1 2:1.02.137-2
I: Retrieving liblz4-1 0.0~r131-2+b1
I: Validating liblz4-1 0.0~r131-2+b1
I: Retrieving mawk 1.3.3-17+b3
I: Validating mawk 1.3.3-17+b3
I: Retrieving nano 2.7.4-1
I: Validating nano 2.7.4-1
I: Retrieving libncurses5 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Validating libncurses5 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Retrieving libncursesw5 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Validating libncursesw5 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Retrieving libtinfo5 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Validating libtinfo5 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Retrieving ncurses-base 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Validating ncurses-base 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Retrieving ncurses-bin 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Validating ncurses-bin 6.0+20161126-1+deb9u2
I: Retrieving netbase 5.4
I: Validating netbase 5.4
I: Retrieving libhogweed4 3.3-1+b2
I: Validating libhogweed4 3.3-1+b2
I: Retrieving libnettle6 3.3-1+b2
I: Validating libnettle6 3.3-1+b2
I: Retrieving libnewt0.52 0.52.19-1+b1
I: Validating libnewt0.52 0.52.19-1+b1
I: Retrieving whiptail 0.52.19-1+b1
I: Validating whiptail 0.52.19-1+b1
I: Retrieving libnpth0 1.3-1
I: Validating libnpth0 1.3-1
I: Retrieving libssl1.1 1.1.0k-1~deb9u1
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I: Validating libssl1.0.2 1.0.2s-1~deb9u1
I: Retrieving libp11-kit0 0.23.3-2
I: Validating libp11-kit0 0.23.3-2
I: Retrieving libpam-modules 1.1.8-3.6
I: Validating libpam-modules 1.1.8-3.6
I: Retrieving libpam-modules-bin 1.1.8-3.6
I: Validating libpam-modules-bin 1.1.8-3.6
I: Retrieving libpam-runtime 1.1.8-3.6
I: Validating libpam-runtime 1.1.8-3.6
I: Retrieving libpam0g 1.1.8-3.6
I: Validating libpam0g 1.1.8-3.6
I: Retrieving libpcre3 2:8.39-3
I: Validating libpcre3 2:8.39-3
I: Retrieving perl-base 5.24.1-3+deb9u5
I: Validating perl-base 5.24.1-3+deb9u5
I: Retrieving pinentry-curses 1.0.0-2
I: Validating pinentry-curses 1.0.0-2
I: Retrieving libpopt0 1.16-10+b2
I: Validating libpopt0 1.16-10+b2
I: Retrieving libprocps6 2:3.3.12-3+deb9u1
I: Validating libprocps6 2:3.3.12-3+deb9u1
I: Retrieving procps 2:3.3.12-3+deb9u1
I: Validating procps 2:3.3.12-3+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libreadline7 7.0-3
I: Validating libreadline7 7.0-3
I: Retrieving readline-common 7.0-3
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I: Retrieving rsyslog 8.24.0-1
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I: Retrieving udev 232-25+deb9u12
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I: Retrieving sysvinit-utils 2.88dsf-59.9
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I: Retrieving tzdata 2019b-0+deb9u1
I: Validating tzdata 2019b-0+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libustr-1.0-1 1.0.4-6
I: Validating libustr-1.0-1 1.0.4-6
I: Retrieving bsdutils 1:2.29.2-1+deb9u1
I: Validating bsdutils 1:2.29.2-1+deb9u1
I: Retrieving libblkid1 2.29.2-1+deb9u1
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I: Validating libfdisk1 2.29.2-1+deb9u1
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I: Chosen extractor for .deb packages: dpkg-deb
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I: Extracting libsemanage-common...
I: Extracting libsemanage1...
I: Extracting libsepol1...
I: Extracting lsb-base...
I: Extracting liblz4-1...
I: Extracting mawk...
I: Extracting libncursesw5...
I: Extracting libtinfo5...
I: Extracting ncurses-base...
I: Extracting ncurses-bin...
I: Extracting libpam-modules...
I: Extracting libpam-modules-bin...
I: Extracting libpam-runtime...
I: Extracting libpam0g...
I: Extracting libpcre3...
I: Extracting perl-base...
I: Extracting sed...
I: Extracting sensible-utils...
I: Extracting login...
I: Extracting passwd...
I: Extracting libsystemd0...
I: Extracting libudev1...
I: Extracting sysvinit-utils...
I: Extracting tar...
I: Extracting tzdata...
I: Extracting libustr-1.0-1...
I: Extracting bsdutils...
I: Extracting libblkid1...
I: Extracting libfdisk1...
I: Extracting libmount1...
I: Extracting libsmartcols1...
I: Extracting libuuid1...
I: Extracting mount...
I: Extracting util-linux...
I: Extracting liblzma5...
I: Extracting zlib1g...

解决物理内存不够问题，创建swap分区：

手动创建swap分区，开机自动挂载