matlab基础——Matrices and Arrays

%%%%%create a Matrix%%%%%
disp('create a Matrix');
%separate the elements with either a comma(,)or a space 
%separate the rows with semicolons(;)
a = [1,2,3;4,5,6;7,8,10]
%another way to creat a matrix is to use a function
%such as ones(),zeros(),or rand()
b=zeros(2,5)

%create an equally spaced vector of values using the more general form start:step:end  
c=0:10:100

%%%%%Matrix Operation%%%%%
disp('Matrix Operation');
%+,',inv(),*,.*,.^
%to transpose a matrix,use a single quote(')
a1=a'
%to inverse a matrix,use a function,inv()
a2=inv(a)
%element-wise multiplication(点乘).*
a3=a.*a
%raise each element of a to the third power
a4=a.^3

%%%%%Concatenation%%%%%
disp('Concatenation');
a5=[a,a]
a6=[a;a]

%%%%%array indexing%%%%%
disp('array indexing');
%there are two ways to refer to a particular element in an array
%specify row and column subscripts
c1=a(2,3)
%use a single subscript that traverses down each column in order
%如这儿a是一个3*3的矩阵，对于a(7),将按顺序从第一列开始挨着挨着数7个，此处为1，4，7，2，5，8，3，则a(7)=3
c2=a(7)

%refer to multiple elements of an array,use the colon(:) to specify a range of the form start:end 
%此处取a矩阵的1、2行及2列
c3=a(1:2,2)

运行结果：

（程序语句后加分号时，运行结果在命令窗口不显示；不加时，运行结果会在命令窗口显示；此处为了显示结果，均未加分号）

>> test_arrays
create a Matrix

a =

     1     2     3
     4     5     6
     7     8    10


b =

     0     0     0     0     0
     0     0     0     0     0


c =

     0    10    20    30    40    50    60    70    80    90   100

Matrix Operation

a1 =

     1     4     7
     2     5     8
     3     6    10


a2 =

   -0.6667   -1.3333    1.0000
   -0.6667    3.6667   -2.0000
    1.0000   -2.0000    1.0000


a3 =

     1     4     9
    16    25    36
    49    64   100


a4 =

           1           8          27
          64         125         216
         343         512        1000

Concatenation

a5 =

     1     2     3     1     2     3
     4     5     6     4     5     6
     7     8    10     7     8    10


a6 =

     1     2     3
     4     5     6
     7     8    10
     1     2     3
     4     5     6
     7     8    10

array indexing

c1 =

     6


c2 =

     3


c3 =

     2
     5

>> 

tips:

To clear all the variables from the workspace,use the clear command

To open the function documentation in a separate window ,use the doc command

eg：doc zeros

To clear command window,use the clc command