lua5.3数据结构

由于lua版本迭代之间,数据结构和函数都会部分变化
以下是我分析的lua.h中的信息,以便确定版本

#define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR	"5"
#define LUA_VERSION_MINOR	"3"
#define LUA_VERSION_NUM		503
#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE	"3"

#define CommonHeader	GCObject *next; lu_byte tt; lu_byte marked
/*
** Union of all collectable objects (only for conversions)
*/
union GCUnion {
  GCObject gc;  /* common header */
  struct TString ts;
  struct Udata u;
  union Closure cl;
  struct Table h;
  struct Proto p;
  struct lua_State th;  /* thread */
};

##主要位于lobject.h中,部分位于lstate.h

以下和机器有关，比如在32位（64位）机器

#define LUA_INT32	int
#define LUAI_UMEM	size_t
#define LUAI_MEM	ptrdiff_t

以下通用定义

#define LUA_NUMBER_DOUBLE
#define LUA_NUMBER	double

typedef unsigned char lu_byte;
typedef TValue *StkId;  /* index to stack elements */
typedef struct lua_TValue TValue;
typedef int (*lua_CFunction) (lua_State *L);

typedef unsigned LUA_INT32 lu_int32;
typedef LUAI_UMEM lu_mem;
typedef LUAI_MEM l_mem;
typedef lu_int32 Instruction;

保存lua数据的结构lua_TValue

lua_TValue 位于lobject.h

//保存值和类型
#define TValuefields	Value value_; int tt_
struct lua_TValue {
 TValuefields;
};

/*
** Union of all Lua values
*/
typedef union Value {
  GCObject *gc;    /* collectable objects */
  void *p;         /* light userdata */
  int b;           /* booleans */
  lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions 函数指针*/
  lua_Integer i;   /* integer numbers  */
  lua_Number n;    /* float numbers 默认为double*/
} Value;

#define CommonHeader   GCObject *next; lu_byte tt; lu_byte marked
struct GCObject {
  CommonHeader;
};

/*
** Header for userdata; memory area follows the end of this structure
** (aligned according to 'UUdata'; see next).
*/
typedef struct Udata {
  CommonHeader;
  lu_byte ttuv_;  /* user value's tag */
  struct Table *metatable;
  size_t len;  /* number of bytes */
  union Value user_;  /* user value */
} Udata;


/*
** Ensures that address after this type is always fully aligned.
*/
typedef union UUdata {
  L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for 'local' udata */
  Udata uv;
} UUdata;

string

/*
** Header for string value; string bytes follow the end of this structure
** (aligned according to 'UTString'; see next).
*/
typedef struct TString {
  CommonHeader;
  lu_byte extra;  /* reserved words for short strings; "has hash" for longs */
  lu_byte shrlen;  /* length for short strings */
  unsigned int hash;
  union {
    size_t lnglen;  /* length for long strings */
    struct TString *hnext;  /* linked list for hash table */
  } u;
} TString;


/*
** Ensures that address after this type is always fully aligned.
*/
typedef union UTString {
  L_Umaxalign dummy;  /* ensures maximum alignment for strings */
  TString tsv;
} UTString;

//闭包相关
#define ClosureHeader  CommonHeader; lu_byte nupvalues; GCObject *gclist

typedef struct CClosure {
  ClosureHeader;
  lua_CFunction f;
  TValue upvalue[1];  /* list of upvalues */
} CClosure;


typedef struct LClosure {
  ClosureHeader;
  struct Proto *p;
  UpVal *upvals[1];  /* list of upvalues */
} LClosure;


typedef union Closure {
  CClosure c;
  LClosure l;
} Closure;

//表相关
typedef union TKey {
  struct {
    TValuefields;
    struct Node *next;  /* for chaining */
  } nk;
  TValue tvk;
} TKey;


typedef struct Node {
  TValue i_val;
  TKey i_key;
} Node;


typedef struct Table {
  CommonHeader;
  lu_byte flags;  /* 1<<p means tagmethod(p) is not present */
  lu_byte lsizenode;  /* log2 of size of `node' array */
  int sizearray;  /* size of `array' array */
  TValue *array;  /* array part */
  Node *node;
  Node *lastfree;  /* any free position is before this position */
  struct Table *metatable;
  GCObject *gclist;
} Table;

/*
** Description of an upvalue for function prototypes
*/
typedef struct Upvaldesc {
  TString *name;  /* upvalue name (for debug information) */
  lu_byte instack;  /* whether it is in stack */
  lu_byte idx;  /* index of upvalue (in stack or in outer function's list) */
} Upvaldesc;


/*
** Description of a local variable for function prototypes
** (used for debug information)
*/
typedef struct LocVar {
  TString *varname;
  int startpc;  /* first point where variable is active */
  int endpc;    /* first point where variable is dead */
} LocVar;


/*
** Function Prototypes
*/
typedef struct Proto {
  CommonHeader;
  TValue *k;  /* constants used by the function */
  Instruction *code;
  struct Proto **p;  /* functions defined inside the function */
  int *lineinfo;  /* map from opcodes to source lines (debug information) */
  LocVar *locvars;  /* information about local variables (debug information) */
  Upvaldesc *upvalues;  /* upvalue information */
  union Closure *cache;  /* last created closure with this prototype */
  TString  *source;  /* used for debug information */
  int sizeupvalues;  /* size of 'upvalues' */
  int sizek;  /* size of `k' */
  int sizecode;
  int sizelineinfo;
  int sizep;  /* size of `p' */
  int sizelocvars;
  int linedefined;
  int lastlinedefined;
  GCObject *gclist;
  lu_byte numparams;  /* number of fixed parameters */
  lu_byte is_vararg;
  lu_byte maxstacksize;  /* maximum stack used by this function */
} Proto;

//上值
typedef struct UpVal {
  CommonHeader;
  TValue *v;  /* points to stack or to its own value */
  union {
    TValue value;  /* the value (when closed) */
    struct {  /* double linked list (when open) */
      struct UpVal *prev;
      struct UpVal *next;
    } l;
  } u;
} UpVal;