CoreData实际应用

最近在看CoreData的知识，看了很多人的博客，有很多都是在讲理论，我这里想更多的去学习怎么去使用。

CoreData的理论大概就是：在应用程序和数据库之间，加载了一层缓冲区，用来提供用户简介的存储数据和获取数据，这样就避免了与底层的操作，从而也不用开发者会太多的SQL语句。

Demo的UI如下，no是NO.，用来演示排序，Add是往数据库Save数据，Query是根绝排序获取数据并显示出来。

AppDelegate.h和AppDelegate.m的变化（这个可以直接粘贴复制，基本上用CoreData不会变动）：

@interface pelAppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;

//数据模型对象
@property(strong,nonatomic) NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel;
//上下文对象
@property(strong,nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext *managedObjectContext;
//持久性存储区
@property(strong,nonatomic) NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *persistentStoreCoordinator;


//初始化Core Data使用的数据库
-(NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator;

//managedObjectModel的初始化赋值函数
-(NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel;

//managedObjectContext的初始化赋值函数
-(NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext;
@end

//CoreData

-(NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel
{
    if (managedObjectModel != nil) {
        return managedObjectModel;
    }
    managedObjectModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
    return managedObjectModel;
}

-(NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *)persistentStoreCoordinator
{
    if (persistentStoreCoordinator != nil) {
        return persistentStoreCoordinator;
    }
	
    //得到数据库的路径
    NSString *docs = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
    //CoreData是建立在SQLite之上的，数据库名称需与Xcdatamodel文件同名
    NSURL *storeUrl = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[docs stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"CDJournal.sqlite"]];
    NSError *error = nil;
    persistentStoreCoordinator = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc]initWithManagedObjectModel:[self managedObjectModel]];
	
    if (![persistentStoreCoordinator addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:storeUrl options:nil error:&error]) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@,%@",error,[error userInfo]);
    }
	
    return persistentStoreCoordinator;
}

-(NSManagedObjectContext *)managedObjectContext
{
    if (managedObjectContext != nil) {
        return managedObjectContext;
    }
	
    NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *coordinator =[self persistentStoreCoordinator];
	
    if (coordinator != nil) {
        managedObjectContext = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc]init];
        [managedObjectContext setPersistentStoreCoordinator:coordinator];
    }
	
    return managedObjectContext;
}

viewController.h: 其它都好理解，只有两个会不同，第一个：

	pelAppDelegate *myDelegate   ：   这个是用来存放获取AppDelegate的对象。

	NSMutableArray * entries  ：  这个用来存放获取数据库后的数组数据。

@interface pelViewController : UIViewController


@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *titleText;

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *contentText;

@property (strong, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *noText;

@property (strong,nonatomic) pelAppDelegate *myDelegate;

@property (strong,nonatomic) NSMutableArray * entries;

- (IBAction)Add:(id)sender;

- (IBAction)query:(id)sender;


@end

最关键的是ViewController.m文件，代码如下：

@interface pelViewController ()

@end

@implementation pelViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
	
	self.myDelegate = (pelAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];
	// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
{
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

- (IBAction)Add:(id)sender {
	
	Entity *entry = (Entity *)[NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Entity" inManagedObjectContext:self.myDelegate.managedObjectContext];
	
	
	
	[entry setTitle:self.titleText.text];
	[entry setBody:self.contentText.text];
	[entry setNo:self.noText.text];
	[entry setCreationDate:[NSDate date]];
	
	NSError *error;
	
    //托管对象准备好后，调用托管对象上下文的save方法将数据写入数据库
    BOOL isSaveSuccess = [self.myDelegate.managedObjectContext save:&error];
	
    if (!isSaveSuccess) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@,%@",error,[error userInfo]);
    }else {
        NSLog(@"Save successful!");
    }
}

- (IBAction)query:(id)sender {
	
	//创建取回数据请求
    NSFetchRequest *request = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init];
	//设置要检索哪种类型的实体对象
    NSEntityDescription *entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Entity"inManagedObjectContext:self.myDelegate.managedObjectContext];
	//设置请求实体
    [request setEntity:entity];
	//指定对结果的排序方式
    NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"no"ascending:NO];
    NSArray *sortDescriptions = [[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:sortDescriptor, nil];
	[request setSortDescriptors:sortDescriptions];
	
	
	NSError *error = nil;
    //执行获取数据请求，返回数组
    NSMutableArray *mutableFetchResult = [[self.myDelegate.managedObjectContext executeFetchRequest:request error:&error] mutableCopy];
    if (mutableFetchResult == nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error: %@,%@",error,[error userInfo]);
    }
    self.entries = mutableFetchResult;
	
    NSLog(@"The count of entry:%lu",(unsigned long)[self.entries count]);
	
    for (Entity *entry in self.entries) {
        NSLog(@"Title:%@---Content:%@---Date:%@----%@",entry.title,entry.body,entry.creationDate,entry.no);
		
		_titleText.text = entry.title;
		_contentText.text = entry.body;
		_noText.text = entry.no;
	
    }
	
}
@end