MFC下OpenGL绘图框架

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-18 16:04:22 发布

Code_Geo

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-18 16:04:22 发布

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文章标签： MFC OpenGL

MFC下OpenGL入门

源文件

1，建一工程文件，我这里命名为first，现在first工程里面我们没有添加任何东西，所有的东西都是MFC自动帮我们创建的。

2，添加链接库。这一步很关键。打开菜单栏下的项目->属性->配置属性->链接器->输入->附加依赖项里加入OpenGL32.lib GLu32.lib GLaux.lib，如图

3，加头文件，在stdafx里面添加opengl的头文件。如下代码所示：

 
   // 
   -----------------------Tramp---添加OpenGL库头文件-----------------------------> 
   
 #include  
   " 
   stdio.h 
   " 
   
 #include  
   " 
   math.h 
   " 
   
 #include  
   " 
   gl\gl.h 
   " 
   
 #include  
   " 
   gl\glu.h 
   " 
   
 #include  
   " 
   gl\glaux.h 
   " 
   
   // 
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------<

4， CCY457OpenGLView类的属性栏，为下述消息加入消息处理函数：WM_CREATE (for OnCreate), WM_DESTROY (for OnDestroy), WM_SIZE (for OnSize), WM_ERASEBACKGROUND (for OnEraseBkground).如下图：

5，设置窗口显示风格。窗口创建之前我们必须设置窗口风格包含WS_CLIPCHILDREN和 WS_CLIPSIBLINGS，从而避免OpenGL绘制到其他窗口中去。这些应该放在PreCreateWindow()中。

 
  
 代码 

6，在 CfirstView .h 中加入如下语句：

/************************************************************************/

/* 设置的变量是Rendering Context(着色描述表)。每一个OpenGL都被连接到一个着

色描述表上。着色描述表将所有的OpenGL调用命令连接到Device Context(设备描述表)上。

我将OpenGL的着色描述表定义为hRC 。要让您的程序能够绘制窗口的话，还需要创建一个

设备描述表，也就是第二行的内容。Windows的设备描述表被定义为hDC 。DC将窗口连接到

GDI(Graphics Device Interface图形设备接口)。而RC将OpenGL连接到DC */

/************************************************************************/

HGLRC m_hRC; //Rendering Context着色描述表

CDC* m_pDC; //Device Context设备描述表

BOOL InitializeOpenGL(); //Initialize OpenGL

BOOL SetupPixelFormat(); //Set up the Pixel Format

void RenderScene(); //Render the Scene

7，在OnCreate中我们将通过建立像素格式和绘制上下文来初始化OpenGL. 在InitializeOpenGL()中会创建一个设备上下文(DC)，为这个DC选择一个像素格式，创建和这个DC相关的绘制上下文（RC）,然后选择这个RC.这个函数会调用SetupPixelFormat()来建立像素格式。

int Clesson1View::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)

{

if (CView::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)

return -1;

// TODO: 在此添加您专用的创建代码

InitializeOpenGL();//初始化openGL绘图

return 0;

}

//初始化opengl绘制

BOOL CfirstView::InitializeOpenGL()

{

//Get a DC for the Client Area

m_pDC = new CClientDC(this);

//Failure to Get DC

if(m_pDC == NULL)

{

//::MessageBox("Error Obtaining DC");

return FALSE;

}

//Failure to set the pixel format

if(!SetupPixelFormat())

{

return FALSE;

}

//Create Rendering Context

m_hRC = ::wglCreateContext (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc ());

//Failure to Create Rendering Context

if(m_hRC == 0)

{

// MessageBox("Error Creating RC");

return FALSE;

}

//Make the RC Current

if(::wglMakeCurrent (m_pDC->GetSafeHdc (), m_hRC)==FALSE)

{

// MessageBox("Error making RC Current");

return FALSE;

}

//Specify Black as the clear color

::glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

//Specify the back of the buffer as clear depth

::glClearDepth(1.0f);

//Enable Depth Testing

::glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

return TRUE;

}

//设置像素格式

BOOL CfirstView::SetupPixelFormat()

{

static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd =

{

sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), // size of this pfd

1, // version number

PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | // support window

PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | // support OpenGL

PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER, // double buffered

PFD_TYPE_RGBA, // RGBA type

24, // 24-bit color depth

0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // color bits ignored

0, // no alpha buffer

0, // shift bit ignored

0, // no accumulation buffer

0, 0, 0, 0, // accum bits ignored

16, // 16-bit z-buffer

0, // no stencil buffer

0, // no auxiliary buffer

PFD_MAIN_PLANE, // main layer

0, // reserved

0, 0, 0 // layer masks ignored

};

int m_nPixelFormat = ::ChoosePixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), &pfd);

if ( m_nPixelFormat == 0 )

{

return FALSE;

}

if ( ::SetPixelFormat(m_pDC->GetSafeHdc(), m_nPixelFormat, &pfd) == FALSE)

{

return FALSE;

}

return TRUE;

}

8，在OnSize()中一般用来设置视口和视锥，因为这些是和窗口大小相关的。基本操作包括设置视口，选择投影矩阵，设置模型视图矩阵。

void CfirstView::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)

{

CView::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);

// TODO: 在此处添加消息处理程序代码

GLdouble aspect_ratio; // width/height ratio

if ( 0 >= cx || 0 >= cy )

{

return;

}

// select the full client area

::glViewport(0, 0, cx, cy);

// compute the aspect ratio

// this will keep all dimension scales equal

aspect_ratio = (GLdouble)cx/(GLdouble)cy;

// select the projection matrix and clear it

::glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);

::glLoadIdentity();

// select the viewing volume

::gluPerspective(45.0f, aspect_ratio, .01f, 200.0f);//画三维

//::gluOrtho2D(-10.0f, 10.0f, -10.0f, 10.0f); //二维

// switch back to the modelview matrix and clear it

::glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

::glLoadIdentity();

}

9，在绘制场景时，一般包括如下步骤：1）清空缓存。2）绘制场景。3）Flush掉渲染流水线。4）若设置了双缓冲，则交换前后台缓冲区。

void CfirstView::OnDraw(CDC* /*pDC*/)

{

CfirstDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();

ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);

if (!pDoc)

return;

// TODO: 在此处为本机数据添加绘制代码

// Clear out the color & depth buffers

::glClear( GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT );

RenderScene();//绘图都放在这

// Tell OpenGL to flush its pipeline

::glFinish();

// Now Swap the buffers

::SwapBuffers( m_pDC->GetSafeHdc() );

}

10，为了使改变窗口大小时严重的闪烁，在OnEraseBkgnd里做一些操作，避免windows自己的窗口刷新闪烁。

BOOL CfirstView::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)

{

// TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值

return TRUE;

}

11，为了避免内存泄露，我们要将在SetupPixelFormat（）中使用了new运算符来为CClientDC对象分配的内存在程序关闭时delete掉。

void CfirstView::OnDestroy()

{

CView::OnDestroy();

// TODO: 在此处添加消息处理程序代码

//Make the RC non-current

if(::wglMakeCurrent (0,0) == FALSE)

{

MessageBox(_T("Could not make RC non-current"));

}

//Delete the rendering context

if(::wglDeleteContext (m_hRC)==FALSE)

{

MessageBox(_T("Could not delete RC"));

}

//Delete the DC

if(m_pDC)

{

delete m_pDC;

}

//Set it to NULL

m_pDC = NULL;

}

12，下面写主绘图函数，RenderScene(),在窗口画了一个正方体、一个四面体。

void CfirstView::RenderScene()

{

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Clear Screen And Depth Buffer

glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Current Modelview Matrix

glTranslatef(-1.5f,0.0f,-6.0f); // Move Left 1.5 Units And Into The Screen 6.0

glRotatef(30,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Rotate The Triangle On The Y axis ( NEW )

glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); // Start Drawing A Triangle

glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // Red

glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Top Of Triangle (Front)

glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Green

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Left Of Triangle (Front)

glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // Blue

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Right Of Triangle (Front)

glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // Red

glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Top Of Triangle (Right)

glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // Blue

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Left Of Triangle (Right)

glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Green

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f); // Right Of Triangle (Right)

glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // Red

glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Top Of Triangle (Back)

glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Green

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f); // Left Of Triangle (Back)

glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // Blue

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, -1.0f); // Right Of Triangle (Back)

glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // Red

glVertex3f( 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); // Top Of Triangle (Left)

glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // Blue

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); // Left Of Triangle (Left)

glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Green

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Right Of Triangle (Left)

glEnd(); // Done Drawing The Pyramid

glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Current Modelview Matrix

glTranslatef(1.5f,0.0f,-7.0f); // Move Right 1.5 Units And Into The Screen 7.0

glRotatef(25,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f); // Rotate The Quad On The X axis ( NEW )

glBegin(GL_QUADS); // Draw A Quad

glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Set The Color To Green

glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f); // Top Right Of The Quad (Top)

glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f); // Top Left Of The Quad (Top)

glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Top)

glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Top)

glColor3f(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f); // Set The Color To Orange

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Top Right Of The Quad (Bottom)

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Top Left Of The Quad (Bottom)

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Bottom)

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Bottom)

glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // Set The Color To Red

glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Top Right Of The Quad (Front)

glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Top Left Of The Quad (Front)

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Front)

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Front)

glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // Set The Color To Yellow

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); // Top Right Of The Quad (Back)

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); // Top Left Of The Quad (Back)

glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f); // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Back)

glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f); // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Back)

glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // Set The Color To Blue

glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Top Right Of The Quad (Left)

glVertex3f(-1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f); // Top Left Of The Quad (Left)

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Left)

glVertex3f(-1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Left)

glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // Set The Color To Violet

glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f,-1.0f); // Top Right Of The Quad (Right)

glVertex3f( 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); // Top Left Of The Quad (Right)

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f); // Bottom Left Of The Quad (Right)

glVertex3f( 1.0f,-1.0f,-1.0f); // Bottom Right Of The Quad (Right)

glEnd(); // Done Drawing The Quad

}

附，坐标交互操作的实现：

//控制旋转和位置的变量

GLfloat m_xAngle;//

GLfloat m_yAngle;

GLfloat m_xPos;

GLfloat m_yPos;

CPoint m_MouseDownPoint;

旋转的关键操作：

m_xAngle+=(point.y-m_MouseDownPoint.y)/3.6;

m_yAngle+=(point.x-m_MouseDownPoint.x)/3.6;

//Set the mouse point

m_MouseDownPoint=point;

InvalidateRect(NULL,FALSE);

绘图：

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Clear Screen And Depth Buffer

glLoadIdentity();

glTranslatef(m_xPos, m_yPos, -5.0f);

glRotatef(m_xAngle, 1.0f,0.0f,0.0f);

glRotatef(m_yAngle, 0.0f,1.0f,0.0f);

绘图操作......

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/yanhuiw/articles/1794462.html

Code_Geo

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MFC下OpenGL绘图框架

MFC下OpenGL入门源文件1，建一工程文件，我这里命名为first，现在first工程里面我们没有添加任何东西，所有的东西都是MFC自动帮我们创建的。2，添加链接库。这一步很关键。打开菜单栏下的项目->属性->配置属性->链接器->输入->附加依赖项里加入OpenGL32.lib GLu32.lib GLaux.lib，如图 3，加头文
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