C.Interface.And.Implementations—memory(简单版本)的实现

1、All nontrivial C programs allocate memory at runtime. The standard C library provides four memory-management routines:malloc ,  calloc ,  realloc, and  free. 

2、Mem_alloc allocates a block of at least nbytes  and returns a pointer to the first byte.

3、Mem_calloc allocates a block large enough to hold an array of count elements each of size  nbytes , and returns a pointer to the first element.

4、In the production implementation, the routines encapsulate calls to the memory-management functions in the     standard library in the safer package specified by the  Mem  interface.

简单版本只是做了运行时错误检查，比如malloc的返回值、输入参数等。

=========================mem.h=====================================

#ifndef MEM_INCLUDED
#define MEM_INCLUDED
#include "except.h"

//exported exceptions
extern const Except_T Mem_Failed;

//exported functions
extern void *Mem_alloc(long nbytes,
                       const char *file, int line);
extern void *Mem_calloc(long count, long nbytes,
                       const char *file, int line);
extern void Mem_free(void *ptr,
                     const char *file, int line);
extern void *Mem_resize(void *ptr, long nbytes,
    const char *file, int line);
//exported macros
#define ALLOC(nbytes) \
    Mem_alloc((nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__)
#define CALLOC(count, nbytes) \
    Mem_calloc((count), (nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__)
#define NEW(p) ((p) = ALLOC((long)sizeof *(p)))
#define NEW0(p) ((p) = CALLOC(1, (long)sizeof *(p)))
#define FREE(ptr) ((void)(Mem_free((ptr),\
    __FILE__, __LINE__), (ptr) = 0))
#define RESIZE(ptr, nbytes)((ptr) = Mem_resize((ptr),\
    (nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__))
#endif

===========================mem.c==============================

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include "assert.h"
#include "except.h"
#include "mem.h"

//data
const Except_T Mem_Failed = { "Allocation Failed" };

//functions
void *Mem_alloc(long nbytes, const char *file, int line){
    void *ptr;

    assert(nbytes > 0);
    ptr = malloc(nbytes);
    if(ptr == NULL)
    {
        if(file == NULL)
            RAISE(Mem_Failed);
        else
            Except_raise(&Mem_failed, file, line);
    }
    return ptr;
}

void *Mem_calloc(long count, long nbytes,
                 const char *file, int line){
    void *ptr;

    assert(coutn > 0);
    assert(nbytes > 0);
    ptr = calloc(count, nbytes);
    if(ptr == NULL)
    {
        if(file == NULL)
            RAISE(Mem_Failed);
        else
            Except_raise(&Mem_Failed, file, line);
    }
    return ptr;
}

void Mem_free(void *ptr, const char *file, int line){
    if(ptr)
        free(ptr);
}

void *Mem_resize(void *ptr, long nbytes,
    const char *file, int line){
    assert(ptr);
    assert(nbytes > 0);
    ptr = realloc(ptr, nbytes);
    if(ptr == NULL)
    {
        if(file == NULL)
            RAISE(Mem_Failed);
        else
            Mem_raise(&Mem_Failed, file, line);
    }

    return ptr;
}