1、All nontrivial C programs allocate memory at runtime. The standard C library provides four memory-management routines:malloc , calloc , realloc, and free.
2、Mem_alloc allocates a block of at least nbytes and returns a pointer to the first byte.
3、Mem_calloc allocates a block large enough to hold an array of count elements each of size nbytes , and returns a pointer to the first element.
4、In the production implementation, the routines encapsulate calls to the memory-management functions in the standard library in the safer package specified by the Mem interface.
简单版本只是做了运行时错误检查,比如malloc的返回值、输入参数等。
=========================mem.h=====================================
#ifndef MEM_INCLUDED
#define MEM_INCLUDED
#include "except.h"
//exported exceptions
extern const Except_T Mem_Failed;
//exported functions
extern void *Mem_alloc(long nbytes,
const char *file, int line);
extern void *Mem_calloc(long count, long nbytes,
const char *file, int line);
extern void Mem_free(void *ptr,
const char *file, int line);
extern void *Mem_resize(void *ptr, long nbytes,
const char *file, int line);
//exported macros
#define ALLOC(nbytes) \
Mem_alloc((nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__)
#define CALLOC(count, nbytes) \
Mem_calloc((count), (nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__)
#define NEW(p) ((p) = ALLOC((long)sizeof *(p)))
#define NEW0(p) ((p) = CALLOC(1, (long)sizeof *(p)))
#define FREE(ptr) ((void)(Mem_free((ptr),\
__FILE__, __LINE__), (ptr) = 0))
#define RESIZE(ptr, nbytes)((ptr) = Mem_resize((ptr),\
(nbytes), __FILE__, __LINE__))
#endif
===========================mem.c==============================
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include "assert.h"
#include "except.h"
#include "mem.h"
//data
const Except_T Mem_Failed = { "Allocation Failed" };
//functions
void *Mem_alloc(long nbytes, const char *file, int line){
void *ptr;
assert(nbytes > 0);
ptr = malloc(nbytes);
if(ptr == NULL)
{
if(file == NULL)
RAISE(Mem_Failed);
else
Except_raise(&Mem_failed, file, line);
}
return ptr;
}
void *Mem_calloc(long count, long nbytes,
const char *file, int line){
void *ptr;
assert(coutn > 0);
assert(nbytes > 0);
ptr = calloc(count, nbytes);
if(ptr == NULL)
{
if(file == NULL)
RAISE(Mem_Failed);
else
Except_raise(&Mem_Failed, file, line);
}
return ptr;
}
void Mem_free(void *ptr, const char *file, int line){
if(ptr)
free(ptr);
}
void *Mem_resize(void *ptr, long nbytes,
const char *file, int line){
assert(ptr);
assert(nbytes > 0);
ptr = realloc(ptr, nbytes);
if(ptr == NULL)
{
if(file == NULL)
RAISE(Mem_Failed);
else
Mem_raise(&Mem_Failed, file, line);
}
return ptr;
}