注解反射使用

注解

注解反射练习

1.任务说明
①有一张用户表，字段包括：用户ID、用户名、昵称、年龄、性别、所在城市、邮箱、手机号；
②使用java注解来对用户表的每个字段或字段的组合条件进行动态生成SQL查询语句。

定义注解
定义一个描述用户表的注解：

package com.goinsec.safly;
    import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;  
    import java.lang.annotation.Retention;  
    import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;  
    import java.lang.annotation.Target;  

    @Target({ElementType.TYPE})  
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
    public @interface Table {      
        String value();  
    }  

定义一个描述用户表属性字段的注解：

package com.goinsec.safly;
    import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;  
    import java.lang.annotation.Retention;  
    import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;  
    import java.lang.annotation.Target;  

    @Target({ElementType.FIELD})  
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)  
    public @interface Column {  
        String value();  
    }  

定义映射到数据库的bean

package com.goinsec.safly;

    @Table("user")  
    public class User {  

        @Column("id")  
        private int id;  

        @Column("user_name")  
        private String userName;  

        @Column("nick_name")  
        private String nickName;  

        @Column("age")  
        private int age;  

        @Column("city")  
        private String city;  

        @Column("email")  
        private String email;  

        @Column("mobile")  
        private String mobile;  

        public int getId() {  
            return id;  
        }  
        public void setId(int id) {  
            this.id = id;  
        }  
        public String getUserName() {  
            return userName;  
        }  
        public void setUserName(String userName) {  
            this.userName = userName;  
        }  
        public String getNickName() {  
            return nickName;  
        }  
        public void setNickName(String nickName) {  
            this.nickName = nickName;  
        }  
        public int getAge() {  
            return age;  
        }  
        public void setAge(int age) {  
            this.age = age;  
        }  
        public String getCity() {  
            return city;  
        }  
        public void setCity(String city) {  
            this.city = city;  
        }  
        public String getEmail() {  
            return email;  
        }  
        public void setEmail(String email) {  
            this.email = email;  
        }  
        public String getMobile() {  
            return mobile;  
        }  
        public void setMobile(String mobile) {  
            this.mobile = mobile;  
        }  
    }  

返回SQL查询语句的实现

package com.goinsec.safly;
    import java.lang.reflect.Field;  
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;  

    public class ReturnQuery {  
        public static String query(Object u){  
            StringBuilder sqlStrBuilder = new StringBuilder();  
            //1.获取到Class  
            Class c = u.getClass();  
            //判断是否包含Table类型的注解  
            if(!c.isAnnotationPresent(Table.class)){  
                return null;  
            }  
            //2.获取到table的名字  
            Table t = (Table) c.getAnnotation(Table.class);  
            String tableName = t.value();  
            //加入 where 1=1 ，是为了防止未来如果没有条件的情况下也不会报错  
            sqlStrBuilder.append("select * from ").append(tableName).append(" where 1=1");  

            Field[] fArray = c.getDeclaredFields();   //获取类属性的所有字段，  
            //3.遍历所有的字段  
            for (Field field : fArray) {   
                //4.处理每个字段对应的sql  
                //判断是否包含Column类型的注解  
                if(!field.isAnnotationPresent(Column.class)){  
                    continue;  
                }  
                //4.1.拿到字段上面注解的值，即Column注解的值  
                Column column = field.getAnnotation(Column.class);  
                String columnName = column.value();    
                //4.2.拿到字段的名  
                String filedName = field.getName();  
                //获取相应字段的getXXX()方法  
                String getMethodName = "get" + filedName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()  
                        + filedName.substring(1);  
                //字段的值  
                Object fieldValue = null;//属性有int、String等，所以定义为Object类  
                try {  
                    Method getMethod = c.getMethod(getMethodName);  
                    fieldValue = getMethod.invoke(u);  
                } catch (Exception e) {  
                    e.printStackTrace();  
                }   

                //4.3.拼接sql  
                if(fieldValue==null || (fieldValue instanceof Integer && (Integer)fieldValue==0)){  
                    continue;  
                }  
                sqlStrBuilder.append(" and ").append(filedName);
                sqlStrBuilder.append("=").append("'").append(fieldValue).append("'");
            }

            return sqlStrBuilder.toString();  

        }
    }  

返回SQL语句的测试类

package com.goinsec.safly;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.HandlerThread;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v4.widget.TextViewCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telecom.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        User u1 = new User();
        u1.setId(9);  //查询id为9的用户

        User u2 = new User();
        u2.setUserName("JTZeng");   //模糊查询用户名为JTZeng的用户
        u2.setAge(21);

        User u3 = new User();
        u3.setEmail("123@163.com,123@qq.com");  //查询邮箱有任意一个的用户

        String sql1 = ReturnQuery.query(u1);    //查询id为9的用户
        String sql2 = ReturnQuery.query(u2);    //查询用户名为JTZeng和年龄为21的用户
        String sql3 = ReturnQuery.query(u3);    //查询邮箱中有任意一个的用户

        System.out.println(sql1);
        System.out.println(sql2);
        System.out.println(sql3);


    }
}

输出如下：

02-17 15:18:50.032 9132-9132/com.goinsec.safly I/System.out: select * from user where 1=1 and id='9'
02-17 15:18:50.033 9132-9132/com.goinsec.safly I/System.out: select * from user where 1=1 and age='21' and userName='JTZeng'
02-17 15:18:50.033 9132-9132/com.goinsec.safly I/System.out: select * from user where 1=1 and email='123@163.com,123@qq.com'