设计模式_9:建造者模式

在纸上画两个人，初步代码：

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //画一个男孩
        System.out.println("small-body");
        System.out.println("small-head");
        System.out.println("small-hand");
        System.out.println("small-led");
        //画一个成人
        System.out.println("big-body");
        System.out.println("big-head");
        System.out.println("big-hand");
        System.out.println("big-led");
    }
}

缺点：太过依赖于细节，如果某个步骤缺少了(比如缺少了一条腿)，那么画不出完整的人，不符合依赖倒转原则：应该依赖于抽象

改良后的代码：

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BoyBuilder boyBuilder = new BoyBuilder();
        ManBuilder manBuilder = new ManBuilder();
        boyBuilder.build();
        manBuilder.build();
    }
}

class BoyBuilder {
    public void build(){
        System.out.println("small-body");
        System.out.println("small-head");
        System.out.println("small-hand");
        System.out.println("small-led");
    }
}

class ManBuilder {
    public void build(){
        System.out.println("big-body");
        System.out.println("big-head");
        System.out.println("big-hand");
        System.out.println("big-led");
    }
}

上面代码把人的构建步骤封装，但这还是不能杜绝编写封装类时漏某个步骤的危险，所以，最好的方法是写一个规定：凡是画人，都必须有头、身、手、脚，可以采用建造者模式：

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Director director = new Director(new BoyBuilder());
        director.createPerson();
    }
}

//抽象出来的接口，用于规范实现它的建造器必须实现的步骤，这样即使写漏额步骤，编译器也不给编译通过的
interface PersonBuilder {
    void buildHead();
    void buildBody();
    void buildLed();
    void buildHand();
}

class BoyBuilder implements PersonBuilder{
    @Override
    public void buildHead() {
        System.out.println("small-head");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildBody() {
        System.out.println("small-body");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildLed() {
        System.out.println("small-led");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildHand() {
        System.out.println("small-hand");
    }
}

class ManBuilder implements PersonBuilder{
    @Override
    public void buildHead() {
        System.out.println("big-head");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildBody() {
        System.out.println("big-body");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildLed() {
        System.out.println("big-led");
    }

    @Override
    public void buildHand() {
        System.out.println("big-hand");
    }
}

//指挥者类，用于控制整个建造过程，也用来隔离用户与建造过程之间的关联
class Director {

    private PersonBuilder personBuilder;

    public Director(PersonBuilder personBuilder) {
        this.personBuilder = personBuilder;
    }

    public void createPerson(){
        personBuilder.buildBody();
        personBuilder.buildHand();
        personBuilder.buildHead();
        personBuilder.buildLed();
    }

}