Linux 常用命令

于 2023-11-29 21:33:45 发布
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文章标签： linux 服务器 运维
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u013338789/article/details/128045464
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1. 查看系统发行版本

# 查看CentOS系统发行版本
[root@seacloudone ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

# 查看Ubuntu系统发行版本
cat /etc/lsb-release

2. 查看系统内核版本

[root@seacloudone ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64

3.

# 进入容器内部
docker run -it ubuntu bash 
# 搜索docker
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                            DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
mysql                           MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   13513     [OK]       
mariadb                         MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou…   5156      [OK]       
phpmyadmin                      phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M…   696       [OK]       
percona                         Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   595       [OK]       
bitnami/mysql                   Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      79                   [OK]
databack/mysql-backup           Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         74                   
linuxserver/mysql-workbench                                                     45                   
ubuntu/mysql                    MySQL open source fast, stable, multi-thread…   38                   
linuxserver/mysql               A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   38                   
circleci/mysql                  MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   28                   
google/mysql                    MySQL server for Google Compute Engine          22                   [OK]
rapidfort/mysql                 RapidFort optimized, hardened image for MySQL   13                   
bitnami/mysqld-exporter                                                         4                    
ibmcom/mysql-s390x              Docker image for mysql-s390x                    2                    
newrelic/mysql-plugin           New Relic Plugin for monitoring MySQL databa…   1                    [OK]
vitess/mysqlctld                vitess/mysqlctld                                1                    [OK]
hashicorp/mysql-portworx-demo                                                   0                    
rapidfort/mysql-official        RapidFort optimized, hardened image for MySQ…   0                    
docksal/mysql                   MySQL service images for Docksal - https://d…   0                    
mirantis/mysql                                                                  0                    
rapidfort/mysql8-ib             RapidFort optimized, hardened image for MySQ…   0                    
cimg/mysql                                                                      0                    
drud/mysql                                                                      0                    
silintl/mysql-backup-restore    Simple docker image to perform mysql backups…   0                    [OK]
corpusops/mysql                 https://github.com/corpusops/docker-images/     0 

# 查看docker
docker images

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.sliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache
iptables -F

关闭SELinux

[root@seacloudone ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
#SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@seacloudone ~]# getenforce
Disabled

安装常用工具

yum install -y bash-completion vim lrzsz wget expect net-tools nc nmap tree dos2unix htop iftop iotop unzip telnet sl psmisc nethogs glances bc ntpdate openldap-devel

关闭防火墙 

[root@seacloudone ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

systemctl stop firewalld

安装docker

开启Linux内核的流量转发

[root@seacloudone ~]# cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/docker.conf
> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
> net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
> net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
> net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
> net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
> EOF

#加载修改内核的参数，配置文件
#按照如下命令执行
[root@seacloudone ~]# modprobe br_netfilter
[root@seacloudone ~]# sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/docker.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
# 提前配置好yum仓库
# 1.阿里云自带仓库 2.阿里云提供的docker专属repo仓库
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

# 更新yum缓存
yum clean all && yum makecache

# 可以直接yum安装docker了
# 查看源中可用版本
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
# yum安装
yum install docker-ce-20.10.6 -y
# 如果需要安装旧版本
yum install docker-ce-18.09.9 -y
# 如果要卸载
yum remove -y docker-xxx
# 尝试启动，使用docker了

配置docker加速器

用于加速镜像文件的下载

[root@seacloudone ~]# touch /etc/docker/daemon.json
touch: 无法创建"/etc/docker/daemon.json": 没有那个文件或目录
[root@seacloudone ~]# mkdir -p /etc/docker
[root@seacloudone ~]# touch /etc/docker/daemon.json
[root@seacloudone ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
[root@seacloudone ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    "registry-mirrors":[
    "https://8xpk5wnt.mirror.aliyuncs.com"
    ]
}

[root@seacloudone ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@seacloudone ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@seacloudone ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@seacloudone ~]# ps -ef|grep docker
root       2722      1  0 09:20 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
root       2857   2450  0 09:20 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto docker

[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID   CREATED   SIZE
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.21
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.18.7
 Git commit:        baeda1f
 Built:             Tue Oct 25 18:04:24 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.6
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.15
  Git commit:       8728dd2
  Built:            Fri Apr  9 22:43:57 2021
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.10
  GitCommit:        770bd0108c32f3fb5c73ae1264f7e503fe7b2661
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.4
  GitCommit:        v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4d
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

启动第一个docker容器

# 1.获取镜像，从配置好的docker镜像站中，去拉取nginx镜像
# 先搜索一下，镜像文件，是否存在
docker search nginx
# 拉取，下载镜像
docker pull nginx

[root@seacloudone ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                                             Official build of Nginx.                        17738     [OK]       
linuxserver/nginx                                 An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   181                  
bitnami/nginx                                     Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      143                  [OK]
ubuntu/nginx                                      Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxy & we…   67                   
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller                  Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Contr…   22                   [OK]
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller                                                                  11                   
ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller                   Docker Image for IBM Cloud Private-CE (Commu…   4                    
bitnami/nginx-ldap-auth-daemon                                                                    3                    
bitnami/nginx-exporter                                                                            3                    
kasmweb/nginx                                     An Nginx image based off nginx:alpine and in…   3                    
rancher/nginx                                                                                     2                    
vmware/nginx                                                                                      2                    
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-defaultbackend                                                   2                    
rapidfort/nginx                                   RapidFort optimized, hardened image for NGINX   2                    
circleci/nginx                                    This image is for internal use                  2                    
wallarm/nginx-ingress-controller                  Kubernetes Ingress Controller with Wallarm e…   1                    
vmware/nginx-photon                                                                               1                    
bitnami/nginx-intel                                                                               1                    
rapidfort/nginx-ib                                RapidFort optimized, hardened image for NGIN…   0                    
ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller-ppc64le           Docker Image for IBM Cloud Private-CE (Commu…   0                    
rancher/nginx-conf                                                                                0                    
rancher/nginx-ssl                                                                                 0                    
continuumio/nginx-ingress-ws                                                                      0                    
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-amd64                                                            0                    
ibmcom/nginx-ppc64le                              Docker image for nginx-ppc64le                  0                    
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete 
a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 
589b7251471a: Pull complete 
186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete 
b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete 
a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

# 删除镜像
docker rmi 映像ID

# 2.运行镜像，生成容器，然后这个容器中，就跑着对应服务了

[root@seacloudone ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   11 months ago   141MB

# 运行的镜像命令，参数如下
docker run 参数 镜像的名字、id

# -d 后台运行容器
# -p 80:80 端口映射，宿主机端口：容器内端口，访问宿主机的这个端口，也就访问到了容器内的端口
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 nginx
3f1c0816b9b8ba0176662363f989f18a3b40a7008c8034ad039bbf617c7d8e30

[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                               NAMES
3f1c0816b9b8   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   7 minutes ago   Up 7 minutes   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   youthful_newton

# 停止、启动docker
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                               NAMES
3f1c0816b9b8   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 hours ago   Up 6 hours   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   youthful_newton
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker stop 3f1c0816b9b8
3f1c0816b9b8
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

[root@seacloudone ~]# docker start 3f1c0816b9b8
3f1c0816b9b8
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS         PORTS                               NAMES
3f1c0816b9b8   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   6 hours ago   Up 8 seconds   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   youthful_newton

运行Linux发行版映像

[root@seacloudone ~]# docker search centos
NAME                                         DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
centos                                       DEPRECATED; The official build of CentOS.       7411      [OK]       
kasmweb/centos-7-desktop                     CentOS 7 desktop for Kasm Workspaces            26                   
couchbase/centos7-systemd                    centos7-systemd images with additional debug…   5                    [OK]
dokken/centos-7                              CentOS 7 image for kitchen-dokken               4                    
dokken/centos-stream-8                                                                       3                    
continuumio/centos5_gcc5_base                                                                3                    
dokken/centos-stream-9                                                                       2                    
dokken/centos-8                              CentOS 8 image for kitchen-dokken               2                    
spack/centos7                                CentOS 7 with Spack preinstalled                1                    
spack/centos6                                CentOS 6 with Spack preinstalled                1                    
ustclug/centos                               Official CentOS Image with USTC Mirror          0                    
dokken/centos-6                              CentOS 6 image for kitchen-dokken               0                    
datadog/centos-i386                                                                          0                    
bitnami/centos-extras-base                                                                   0                    
corpusops/centos-bare                        https://github.com/corpusops/docker-images/     0                    
couchbase/centos-72-java-sdk                                                                 0                    
couchbase/centos-72-jenkins-core                                                             0                    
corpusops/centos                             centos corpusops baseimage                      0                    
couchbase/centos-70-sdk-build                                                                0                    
couchbase/centos-69-sdk-build                                                                0                    
couchbase/centos-69-sdk-nodevtoolset-build                                                   0                    
bitnami/centos-base-buildpack                Centos base compilation image                   0                    [OK]
fnndsc/centos-python3                        Source for a slim Centos-based Python3 image…   0                    [OK]
spack/centos-stream                                                                          0                    
dokken/centos-5                              EOL DISTRO: For use with kitchen-dokken, Bas…   0   

# centos发行版映像下载                 
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest
# 查看映像
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   11 months ago   141MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   14 months ago   231MB
# 查看当前系统发行版本
[root@seacloudone ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

# 运行latest发行版
# 运行容器，且进入容器内
# 参数解释 -i 交互式命令操作   -t 开启一个中端  5d0da3dc9764是镜像的id    bash进入容器后执行的命令
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker run -it 5d0da3dc9764 bash
# 查看容器内系统的发行版本
[root@3924e36f1121 /]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.4.2105
[root@3924e36f1121 /]# exit
exit
[root@seacloudone ~]# 

# Ubuntu系统发行版映像下载
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
7b1a6ab2e44d: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:626ffe58f6e7566e00254b638eb7e0f3b11d4da9675088f4781a50ae288f3322
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS       PORTS                               NAMES
3f1c0816b9b8   nginx     "/docker-entrypoint.…"   9 hours ago   Up 4 hours   0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp   youthful_newton
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   11 months ago   141MB
ubuntu       latest    ba6acccedd29   13 months ago   72.8MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   14 months ago   231MB
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker run -it ba6acccedd29 bash
root@60bde34a7a42:/# cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=20.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=focal
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS"
root@60bde34a7a42:/# exit
exit
[root@seacloudone ~]#

安装emqx 

# 下载emqx
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker pull emqx/emqx:5.0.11-amd64
5.0.11-amd64: Pulling from emqx/emqx
a603fa5e3b41: Pull complete 
5a6115647826: Pull complete 
fe258c723f47: Pull complete 
fe09bb2a064c: Pull complete 
b301f4aef8fe: Pull complete 
4f4fb700ef54: Pull complete 
dcdd43165a96: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:5cb003ff126b0e33af2461b06aa1a17612e0ffad69b21350f266c0e9aab7ee1b
Status: Downloaded newer image for emqx/emqx:5.0.11-amd64
docker.io/emqx/emqx:5.0.11-amd64
# 显示镜像文件
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG            IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
emqx/emqx    5.0.11-amd64   088275bcea9e   5 days ago      374MB
emqx/emqx    latest         0ef9bc19d70e   11 months ago   146MB
nginx        latest         605c77e624dd   11 months ago   141MB
redis        latest         7614ae9453d1   11 months ago   113MB
mysql        5.7            c20987f18b13   11 months ago   448MB
mysql        latest         3218b38490ce   11 months ago   516MB
ubuntu       latest         ba6acccedd29   13 months ago   72.8MB
centos       latest         5d0da3dc9764   14 months ago   231MB
# 显示运行容器
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                    COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                  PORTS                                                                                                                                              NAMES
0cdda681c0c0   emqx/emqx:5.0.11-amd64   "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   About a minute ago   Up 3 seconds            4370/tcp, 5369/tcp, 8083-8084/tcp, 8883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:1883->1883/tcp, :::1883->1883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18083->18083/tcp, :::18083->18083/tcp, 11883/tcp   emqx5
ba96b39cf0c9   nginx                    "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 days ago           Exited (0) 5 days ago                                                                                                                                                      nginx
776c1b81b199   7614ae9453d1             "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 days ago           Exited (0) 5 days ago                                                                                                                                                      redis
9b403846bb70   mysql:latest             "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 days ago           Exited (0) 5 days ago                                                                                                                                                      mysql2
# 停止容器emqx5
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker stop emqx5
emqx5
# 删除容器emqx5
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker rm emqx5
emqx5
# 显示运行容器
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED      STATUS                  PORTS     NAMES
ba96b39cf0c9   nginx          "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 days ago   Exited (0) 5 days ago             nginx
776c1b81b199   7614ae9453d1   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 days ago   Exited (0) 5 days ago             redis
9b403846bb70   mysql:latest   "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 days ago   Exited (0) 5 days ago             mysql2
# 容器运行
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker run -d --name emqx5 -p 18083:18083 -p 1883:1883 emqx/emqx:5.0.11-amd64
511e90892814faaa4f33ebb5b1dc633048d4f69cb2e0c6788442676d84625485
# 显示运行容器
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                    COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS                  PORTS                                                                                                                                              NAMES
511e90892814   emqx/emqx:5.0.11-amd64   "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   4 seconds ago   Up 3 seconds            4370/tcp, 5369/tcp, 8083-8084/tcp, 8883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:1883->1883/tcp, :::1883->1883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18083->18083/tcp, :::18083->18083/tcp, 11883/tcp   emqx5
ba96b39cf0c9   nginx                    "/docker-entrypoint.…"   5 days ago      Exited (0) 5 days ago                                                                                                                                                      nginx
776c1b81b199   7614ae9453d1             "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 days ago      Exited (0) 5 days ago                                                                                                                                                      redis
9b403846bb70   mysql:latest             "docker-entrypoint.s…"   5 days ago      Exited (0) 5 days ago                                                                                                                                                      mysql2
[root@seacloudone ~]#

 浏览器地址栏输入：IP地址：18083，进入Dashboard 

# 搜索emqx
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker search emqx/emqx
NAME                            DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
emqx/emqx                       The most scalable open-source MQTT broker fo…   166                  
emqx/emqx-ee                    EMQX Enterprise: Scalable and Reliable MQTT …   12                   
emqx/emqx-edge                  EMQ X Broker - Massively Scalable MQTT Messa…   3                    
emqx/emqx-operator-reloader                                                     0                    
emqx/emqx-operator-controller   A Kubernetes Operator Controller for EMQ X B…   0                    
emqx/emqx-enterprise            EMQX Enterprise - Cloud-Native IoT Messaging…   0                    
emqx/emqx-operator-kubectl 
# 下载emqx                                                     0                    
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker pull emqx/emqx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from emqx/emqx
8572bc8fb8a3: Pull complete 
2515d7555202: Pull complete 
5c87fdd888ef: Pull complete 
c227b2804671: Pull complete 
f3c4e6b224c6: Pull complete 
d1d9200332e3: Pull complete 
77131c6e337c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:d88ff149d60584cd1dab334761d8b971d318e4417e488bc6201e95719f339b58
Status: Downloaded newer image for emqx/emqx:latest
docker.io/emqx/emqx:latest
# 查看docker镜像
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
emqx/emqx    latest    0ef9bc19d70e   10 months ago   146MB
nginx        latest    605c77e624dd   11 months ago   141MB
ubuntu       latest    ba6acccedd29   13 months ago   72.8MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   14 months ago   231MB
# 运行emqx
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker run -d --name emqx -p 1883:1883 -p 8081:8081 -p 8083:8083 -p 8084:8084 -p 8883:8883 -p 18083:18083 emqx/emqx:latest
20dc9107258f9a5f0d023884f172241830d33e55683c39dfe80ea0d4b27c6529
# 查看docker容器
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE              COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              NAMES
20dc9107258f   emqx/emqx:latest   "/usr/bin/docker-ent…"   4 seconds ago   Up 3 seconds   4369-4370/tcp, 5369/tcp, 0.0.0.0:1883->1883/tcp, :::1883->1883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8081->8081/tcp, :::8081->8081/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8083-8084->8083-8084/tcp, :::8083-8084->8083-8084/tcp, 6369-6370/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8883->8883/tcp, :::8883->8883/tcp, 0.0.0.0:18083->18083/tcp, :::18083->18083/tcp, 11883/tcp   emqx
3f1c0816b9b8   nginx              "/docker-entrypoint.…"   10 hours ago    Up 4 hours     0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  youthful_newton

# 进入容器内部
[root@seacloudone ~]# docker exec -it 3f1c0816b9b8 bash
root@3f1c0816b9b8:/# 
# 查看系统版本
root@3f1c0816b9b8:/# cat /etc/os-release 
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="11"
VERSION="11 (bullseye)"
VERSION_CODENAME=bullseye
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.debian.org/"
root@3f1c0816b9b8:/#

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