/*
*作者:lws
*完成时间:2014/6/14
*描述:编写一个程序,声明抽象基类Shape,由它派生出3个派生类: Circle(圆形)、Rectangle(矩形)、Triangle(三角形),用一个函数printArea分别输出以上三者的面积(结果保留两位小数),3个图形的数据在定义对象时给定。
*输入:12.6 4.5 8.4 4.5 8.4
*输出:area of circle = 498.76 area of rectangle = 37.80 area of triangle = 18.90
*/
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#define PI 3.14159
using namespace std;
class Shape //抽象类(包含纯虚函数的类)
{
public:
virtual double Area()=0; //纯虚函数(没有函数体的虚函数)
};
class Circle:public Shape
{
public:
Circle(double r):radius(r){}
double Area() //________虚函数1
{
return PI*radius*radius;
}
private:
double radius;
};
class Rectangle:public Shape
{
public:
Rectangle(double l,double w):length(l),width(w){}
double Area() //________虚函数2
{
return length*width;
}
private:
double length;
double width;
};
class Triangle:public Shape
{
public:
Triangle(double a1,double b1):a(a1),b(b1){}
double Area() //________虚函数3
{
return 1/2.0*a*b;
}
private:
double a,b;
};
void PrintArea(Shape &p)
{
cout<<p.Area();
//p.Aare()函数处理方法:在编译阶段,不确定调用哪一个函数,而是在此处保留三个虚函数Area()的三个入口地址。
//在程序运行时,根据实参的类型来确定调用三个虚函数之一。
}
int main()
{
double r,l,w,a,b;
cout<<fixed<<setprecision(2);
cin>>r;
Circle circle(r);
cout<<"area of circle = ";
PrintArea(circle); //调用虚函数1
cin>>l>>w;
Rectangle rectangle(l,w);
cout<<" area of rectangle = ";
PrintArea(rectangle); //调用虚函数2
cin>>a>>b;
Triangle triangle(a,b);
cout<<" area of triangle = ";
PrintArea(triangle); 调用虚函数3
return 0;
}
运行结果: