1. python基本类型:字符串,列表,元组,字典
_name 私有方法
__name__ 系统方法
__name 类名
a ** b a的b次幂
a // b a除以b 向下取整 整除
python可以做非常大的数据运算
>>> a=33 **80
>>> b=22 **100
>>> print a
30277163788997271305454166411936559416850614515411332715191252085579855135715326198859001438720387368796428498143218854401
>>> print b
174690015040882455988354400790170000897162886859579152352704471899874163427116241050767381769631464055938734482112142486751362076901376
>>> print a+b
174690015040912733152143398061475455063574823418996002967219883232589354679201820905903097095830323057377454869480938915249505295755777
2. if选择语句
a=10
b=5
if a>b:
print "a>b"
print 'a'
elif a==b:
print "a=b"
else :
print "a<b"
获取键盘输入的值
raw_input('please input your name' )
>>> raw_input("please input your name" )
please input your namezhangxiaojing
'zhangxiaojing'
3. python 的列表list [1,2,3,4] 序列都可以进行的操作 切片,加,乘
>>> list = [1 ,2 ,3 ]
>>> list2 = [4 ,3 ,5 ]
>>> list1 = list+list2
>>> print list1
[1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 3 , 5 ]
>>> print list*2
[1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 3 ]
>>> print list*5
[1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 3 ]
>>> len(list)
3
>>> 3 in list
True
>>> 5 in list
False
>>> 5 in list1
True
>>> for x in list: print x,
...
1 2 3
>>> list[0 :2 ]
[1 , 2 ]
>>> list[1 :2 ]
[2 ]
>>> list[1 :3 ]
[2 , 3 ]
>>> list.append(1 )
>>> print list
[1 , 2 , 3 , 1 ]
>>> max(list2)
5
>>> min(list1)
1
>>> list[0 :2 ]
[1 , 2 ]
>>> list[1 :2 ]
[2 ]
>>> list[1 :3 ]
[2 , 3 ]
>>> list.count(1 )
2
>>> print list
[1 , 2 , 3 , 1 ]
>>> list.sort()
>>> print list
[1 , 1 , 2 , 3 ]
>>> list.reverse()
>>> print list
[3 , 2 , 1 , 1 ]
>>> list.remove(2 )
>>> print list
[3 , 1 , 1 ]
>>> list.insert(1 ,[2 ,4 ])
>>> print list
[3 , [2 , 4 ], 1 , 1 ]
>>> list.index(1 )
2
>>> list.extend(list2)
>>> print list
[3 , [2 , 4 ], 1 , 1 , 4 , 3 , 5 ]
>>> list.pop()
5
>>> tuple(list)
(3 , [2 , 4 ], 1 , 1 , 4 , 3 )
>>> print list[1 ][1 ]
4
>>> list2.insert(2 , [7 ,8 ])
>>> print list2
[4 , 3 , [7 , 8 ], 5 ]
>>> print list2[2 ][1 ]
8
4. 元组 Tuple(元组的元素不能修改,只读列表)
>>>tup = (1,2,3)
5. 字典 dictionary
字典键的特性:1.不允许重复,如果重复记住最后一个;2.不可变的,所以可以用字符串,数或元组充当,列表不行(列表可变)
>>> dict = {'zhang' :1 ,'xiao' :2 ,'jing' :3 }
>>> print dict
{'jing' : 3 , 'xiao' : 2 , 'zhang' : 1 }
>>> print dict['xiao' ]
2
>>> str(dict)
"{'jing': 3, 'xiao': 3, 'zhang': 1}"
>>> print dict
{'jing' : 3 , 'xiao' : 3 , 'zhang' : 1 }
>>> type(dict)
<type 'dict' >
>>> type(dict['xiao' ])
<type 'int' >
>>> dict.copy()
{'jing' : 3 , 'xiao' : 3 , 'zhang' : 1 }
>>> print dict
{'jing' : 3 , 'xiao' : 3 , 'zhang' : 1 }
>>> dict.clear()
>>> print dict
{}