Yocto 添加layer和创建layer

1. 查询可用的Layers

Yocto 提供了很多现成的layer，可以在Layer 索引中查询可用的layer。

OpenEmbedded Layer Index - layers
 

本节示例添加一个meta-intel的layer, 其对应的git 地址为：git://git.yoctoproject.org/meta-intel

2. 添加一个Layer

我们现在开始准备添加这个meta-intel的layer。

首先初始化poky的环境变量，使得bitbake 命令可用。

$ cd poky
$ source oe-init-build-env 

### Shell environment set up for builds. ###

You can now run 'bitbake <target>'

Common targets are:
    core-image-minimal
    core-image-full-cmdline
    core-image-sato
    core-image-weston
    meta-toolchain
    meta-ide-support

You can also run generated qemu images with a command like 'runqemu qemux86-64'.

Other commonly useful commands are:
 - 'devtool' and 'recipetool' handle common recipe tasks
 - 'bitbake-layers' handles common layer tasks
 - 'oe-pkgdata-util' handles common target package tasks

用bitbake-layers 查看当前的layer，当前有3个layers。

$ bitbake-layers --help
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
usage: bitbake-layers [-d] [-q] [-F] [--color COLOR] [-h] <subcommand> ...

BitBake layers utility

optional arguments:
  -d, --debug           Enable debug output
  -q, --quiet           Print only errors
  -F, --force           Force add without recipe parse verification
  --color COLOR         Colorize output (where COLOR is auto, always, never)
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit

subcommands:
  <subcommand>
    show-layers         show current configured layers.
    show-overlayed      list overlayed recipes (where the same recipe exists in another layer)
    show-recipes        list available recipes, showing the layer they are provided by
    show-appends        list bbappend files and recipe files they apply to
    show-cross-depends  Show dependencies between recipes that cross layer boundaries.
    layerindex-fetch    Fetches a layer from a layer index along with its dependent layers, and adds them to conf/bblayers.conf.
    layerindex-show-depends
                        Find layer dependencies from layer index.
    add-layer           Add one or more layers to bblayers.conf.
    remove-layer        Remove one or more layers from bblayers.conf.
    flatten             flatten layer configuration into a separate output directory.
    save-build-conf     Save the currently active build configuration (conf/local.conf, conf/bblayers.conf) as a template into a layer.
    create-layer        Create a basic layer
    create-layers-setup
                        Writes out a configuration file and/or a script that replicate the directory structure and revisions of the layers in a current build.

Use bitbake-layers <subcommand> --help to get help on a specific command

$ bitbake-layers show-layers
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
layer                 path                                                                    priority
========================================================================================================
core                  /home/mm/Code/poky/meta                                                 5
yocto                 /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-poky                                            5
yoctobsp              /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-yocto-bsp                                       5

 下载meta-intel的代码，并添加layer

$ cd poky
$ git clone git://git.yoctoproject.org/meta-intel
Cloning into 'meta-intel'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 26925, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (123/123), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (117/117), done.
remote: Total 26925 (delta 51), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 26802
Receiving objects: 100% (26925/26925), 6.79 MiB | 1.29 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (14815/14815), done.

$ cd poky/build
$ bitbake-layers add-layer ../meta-intel/
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...

添加成功后，再次查看layer, 我们能看到meta-intel 已经被添加成功了。
 

$ bitbake-layers show-layers
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
layer                 path                                                                    priority
========================================================================================================
core                  /home/mm/Code/poky/meta                                                 5
yocto                 /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-poky                                            5
yoctobsp              /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-yocto-bsp                                       5
intel                 /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-intel                                           5

 我们在poky/build/conf/bblayers.conf中也能看到meta-intel layer被添加了进来。

$ cd poky/build
$ cat conf/bblayers.conf
# POKY_BBLAYERS_CONF_VERSION is increased each time build/conf/bblayers.conf
# changes incompatibly
POKY_BBLAYERS_CONF_VERSION = "2"

BBPATH = "${TOPDIR}"
BBFILES ?= ""

BBLAYERS ?= " \
  /home/mm/Code/poky/meta \
  /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-poky \
  /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-yocto-bsp \
  /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-intel \
  "

 开始编译，能看到这个meta-intel 的layer 也在编译列表中，且其代码在对应的git ：master里面。

$ cd poky/build
$ bitbake core-image-minimal
Loading cache: 100% |                                                                                                                                                                      | ETA:  --:--:--
Loaded 0 entries from dependency cache.
Parsing recipes: 100% |#####################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:41
Parsing of 948 .bb files complete (0 cached, 948 parsed). 1887 targets, 56 skipped, 0 masked, 0 errors.
NOTE: Resolving any missing task queue dependencies

Build Configuration:
BB_VERSION           = "2.6.0"
BUILD_SYS            = "x86_64-linux"
NATIVELSBSTRING      = "universal"
TARGET_SYS           = "x86_64-poky-linux"
MACHINE              = "qemux86-64"
DISTRO               = "poky"
DISTRO_VERSION       = "4.3.2"
TUNE_FEATURES        = "m64 core2"
TARGET_FPU           = ""
meta                 
meta-poky            
meta-yocto-bsp       = "my-nanbield:dbc8727beafe689a99d8b371df98b3c842756065"
meta-intel           = "master:69c711ec0af49ff06d97af4f53faa64cfce178a2"

Initialising tasks: 100% |##################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:02
Checking sstate mirror object availability: 100% |##########################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:01:49
Sstate summary: Wanted 617 Local 0 Mirrors 615 Missed 2 Current 1696 (99% match, 99% complete)
NOTE: Executing Tasks
NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 4897 tasks of which 4897 didn't need to be rerun and all succeeded.

3. 创建一个自己的layer。

$ cd poky
$ bitbake-layers create-layer meta-mylayer
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
Specified layer directory exists

$ cd build
$ bitbake-layers add-layer ../meta-mylayer/
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...

$ bitbake-layers show-layers
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
layer                 path                                                                    priority
========================================================================================================
core                  /home/mm/Code/poky/meta                                                 5
yocto                 /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-poky                                            5
yoctobsp              /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-yocto-bsp                                       5
intel                 /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-intel                                           5
meta-mylayer          /home/mm/Code/poky/meta-mylayer                                         6