imx6ull配置qt

具备交叉编译工具

电脑上原先已经包含了交叉编译工具 arm-bulidroot-linux-gnueabihf-gcc

移植tslib

qt库需要支持触摸屏需要先移植tslib

https://github.com/libts/tslib?tab=readme-ov-file

下载后，放到linux上进行解压

unzip tslib-master.zip

解压后，文件夹里面并没有Makefile文件，无法进行编译，需要自动生成Makefile

先安装一些需要的库

sudo apt-get install autoconf automake libtool

再按照如下命令一一运行进行编译

执行此文件进行自动生成
./auto-gen.sh

执行此命令进行configure
CC是编译，在交叉编译工具加上-gcc，必须跟工具完全一样
--host为交叉工具，必须跟工具完全一样
--prefix是编译后安装的文件路径，编译后的产物

CC=arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ./configure --host=arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull=yes --cache-file=arm-linux.cache -prefix=/home/book/qt-work/tslib-master/qt-tslib

编译
make -j4

编译后安装
make install 

然后，就能在文件路径下的，arm-tslib看到

重要：如果CC=arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-gcc 和 --host=arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf 没有严格使用交叉编译，那么编译QT时，使用tslib，就会报错如下，因为交叉编辑工具链不一致

Feature 'tslib' was enabled, but the pre-condition 'libs.tslib' failed.

QT编译

1. 首先，下载qt，可以使用国内镜像

阿里云镜像：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/qt/

路径是：/archive/qt/5.15/5.15.13/single/

qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.15.13.tar.xz

下载完，放到linux，进行解压

tar -xvf qt-everywhere-src-5.15.13.tar.xz

2.修改qmake.conf

进入路径如下，修改qmake.conf

qt-everywhere-src-5.15.13/qtbase/mkspecs/linux-arm-gnueabi-g++/qmake.conf

注意：

1. QT_QPA_DEFAULT_PLATFORM，QMAKE_CFLAGS，AMAKE_CXXFLAGS为新增，请保持一致，对应imx6ull

2. 所有的arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf 换成自己的编译工具链，否则编译不会通过

#
# qmake configuration for building with arm-linux-gnueabi-g++
#

MAKEFILE_GENERATOR      = UNIX
CONFIG                 += incremental
QMAKE_INCREMENTAL_STYLE = sublib

include(../common/linux.conf)
include(../common/gcc-base-unix.conf)
include(../common/g++-unix.conf)

QT_QPA_DEFAULT_PLATFORM = linuxfb
QMAKE_CFLAGS += -O2 -march=armv7-a -mtune=cortex-a7 -mfpu=neon -mfloat-abi=hard
AMAKE_CXXFLAGS += -O2 -march=armv7-a -mtune=cortex-a7 -mfpu=neon -mfloat-abi=hard

# modifications to g++.conf
QMAKE_CC                = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
QMAKE_CXX               = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-g++
QMAKE_LINK              = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-g++
QMAKE_LINK_SHLIB        = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-g++

# modifications to linux.conf
QMAKE_AR                = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-ar cqs
QMAKE_OBJCOPY           = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy
QMAKE_NM                = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-nm -P
QMAKE_STRIP             = arm-buildroot-linux-gnueabihf-strip
load(qt_config)

3. 在qt-everywhere-src-5.15.13目录下，新增autoconfigure.sh，根据自己的路径进行配置

需要修改的

-prefix /home/book/qt-work/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.13/arm-qt 为编译后输出的目录，改为自己要的路径

以下改为前面编译后tslib的路径

-I/home/book/qt-work/tslib/arm-tslib/include

-L/home/book/qt-work/tslib/arm-tslib/lib

./configure -prefix /home/book/qt-work/qt-everywhere-src-5.15.13/arm-qt \
-opensource \
-confirm-license \
-release \
-strip \
-shared \
-xplatform linux-arm-gnueabi-g++ \
-optimized-qmake \
-c++std c++11 \
--rpath=no \
-pch \
-skip qt3d \
-skip qtactiveqt \
-skip qtandroidextras \
-skip qtcanvas3d \
-skip qtconnectivity \
-skip qtdatavis3d \
-skip qtdoc \
-skip qtgamepad \
-skip qtlocation \
-skip qtmacextras \
-skip qtnetworkauth \
-skip qtpurchasing \
-skip qtremoteobjects \
-skip qtscript \
-skip qtscxml \
-skip qtsensors \
-skip qtspeech \
-skip qtsvg \
-skip qttools \
-skip qttranslations \
-skip qtwayland \
-skip qtwebengine \
-skip qtwebview \
-skip qtwinextras \
-skip qtx11extras \
-skip qtxmlpatterns \
-make libs \
-make examples \
-nomake tools -nomake tests \
-gui \
-widgets \
-dbus-runtime \
--glib=no \
--iconv=no \
--pcre=qt \
--zlib=qt \
-no-openssl \
--freetype=qt \
--harfbuzz=qt \
-no-opengl \
-linuxfb \
--xcb=no \
-tslib \
--libpng=qt \
--libjpeg=qt \
--sqlite=qt \
-plugin-sql-sqlite \
-I/home/book/qt-work/tslib/arm-tslib/include \
-L/home/book/qt-work/tslib/arm-tslib/lib \
-recheck-all

4. 编译，安装

autoconfigure.sh 如果报错，请严格确认前面的配置文件是否正确

make需要时间比较久，且过程中，如果发现编译报错，请自行网络搜索，并更正，一般都能找到答案

Chmod +x autoconfigure.sh
./autoconfigure.sh

make
make install

放到板上进行验证

编译得到的qt和tslib，放到板上

设置开发版的环境，编辑/etc/profile，在后面加入tslib和qt的配置

注意修改为自己的路径

export TSLIB_ROOT=/root/arm-tslib    

export QT_ROOT=/root/arm-qt

接着source /etc/profile 使得配置文件生效

export TSLIB_ROOT=/root/arm-tslib        
export TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE=none
export TSLIB_FBDEVICE=/dev/fb0
export TSLIB_TSDEVICE=/dev/input/event1
export TSLIB_CONFFILE=$TSLIB_ROOT/etc/ts.conf
export TSLIB_PLUGINDIR=$TSLIB_ROOT/lib/ts
export TSLIB_CALIBFILE=/etc/pointercal
export  LD_PRELOAD=$TSLIB_ROOT/lib/libts.so
 
export QT_ROOT=/root/arm-qt
export QT_QPA_GENERIC_PLUGINS=tslib:/dev/input/event1
export QT_QPA_FONTDIR=/usr/share/fonts
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM_PLUGIN_PATH=$QT_ROOT/plugins
export QT_QPA_PLATFORM=linuxfb:tty=/dev/fb0
export QT_PLUGIN_PATH=$QT_ROOT/plugins
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$QT_ROOT/lib:$QT_ROOT/plugins/platforms
export QML2_IMPORT_PATH=$QT_ROOT/qml
export QT_QPA_FB_TSLIB=1

运行程序qt的例子进行确认

进入/root/arm-qt/examples/widgets/animation/animatedtiles/

执行 ./animatedtiles

其他知识点：

Qt调用硬件使用的是插件，目前使用的是linuxfb，摘取initialize函数，包含打开设备以及获取fb_fix_screeninfo和fb_var_screeninfo，最后mmap了framebuffer

qt-everywhere-src-5.15.13/qtbase/src/plugins/platforms/linuxfb/qlinuxfbscreen.cpp
bool QLinuxFbScreen::initialize()
{
    //省略参数获取，具体看原档

    QString fbDevice, ttyDevice;
    QSize userMmSize;
    QRect userGeometry;
    bool doSwitchToGraphicsMode = true;

    
    if (fbDevice.isEmpty()) {
        fbDevice = QLatin1String("/dev/fb0");
        if (!QFile::exists(fbDevice))
            fbDevice = QLatin1String("/dev/graphics/fb0");
        if (!QFile::exists(fbDevice)) {
            qWarning("Unable to figure out framebuffer device. Specify it manually.");
            return false;
        }
    }

    // Open the device
    mFbFd = openFramebufferDevice(fbDevice);
    if (mFbFd == -1) {
        qErrnoWarning(errno, "Failed to open framebuffer %s", qPrintable(fbDevice));
        return false;
    }

    // Read the fixed and variable screen information
    fb_fix_screeninfo finfo;
    fb_var_screeninfo vinfo;
    memset(&vinfo, 0, sizeof(vinfo));
    memset(&finfo, 0, sizeof(finfo));

    if (ioctl(mFbFd, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, &finfo) != 0) {
        qErrnoWarning(errno, "Error reading fixed information");
        return false;
    }

    if (ioctl(mFbFd, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &vinfo)) {
        qErrnoWarning(errno, "Error reading variable information");
        return false;
    }

    mDepth = determineDepth(vinfo);
    mBytesPerLine = finfo.line_length;
    QRect geometry = determineGeometry(vinfo, userGeometry);
    mGeometry = QRect(QPoint(0, 0), geometry.size());
    mFormat = determineFormat(vinfo, mDepth);
    mPhysicalSize = determinePhysicalSize(vinfo, userMmSize, geometry.size());

    // mmap the framebuffer
    mMmap.size = finfo.smem_len;
    uchar *data = (unsigned char *)mmap(0, mMmap.size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, mFbFd, 0);
    if ((long)data == -1) {
        qErrnoWarning(errno, "Failed to mmap framebuffer");
        return false;
    }

    mMmap.offset = geometry.y() * mBytesPerLine + geometry.x() * mDepth / 8;
    mMmap.data = data + mMmap.offset;

    QFbScreen::initializeCompositor();
    mFbScreenImage = QImage(mMmap.data, geometry.width(), geometry.height(), mBytesPerLine, mFormat);

    mCursor = new QFbCursor(this);

    mTtyFd = openTtyDevice(ttyDevice);
    if (mTtyFd == -1)
        qErrnoWarning(errno, "Failed to open tty");

    switchToGraphicsMode(mTtyFd, doSwitchToGraphicsMode, &mOldTtyMode);
    blankScreen(mFbFd, false);

    return true;
}