c++之string与int型的互转方法归纳

昨天写leetcode oj时要用到string类型转成int型，于是百度了一番，现归纳总结如下。（ps：归纳不全面，大家可补全。。。）

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#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<sstream>
using namespace std;

class Solution {
public:
    string intTOstring1(int num);   //int型转换为string型，采用ostringstream
    string intTOstring2(int num);   //int型转换为string型，采用stringstream
    string intTOstring3(int num);   //int型转换为string型，采用sprintf
    string intTOstring4(int num);   //int型转换为string型，采用itoa
    int stringTOint1(string s); //string型转换为int型，采用stringstream
    int stringTOint2(string s); //string型转换为int型，采用string.c_str()和atoi

};

string Solution::intTOstring1(int num)
{
    ostringstream os;
    os << num;
    string s;
    s = os.str();   //将int型转换为string型
    return s;
}

string Solution::intTOstring2(int num)
{
    stringstream ss;
    ss << num;
    string s;
    ss >> s;
    return s;
}

string Solution::intTOstring3(int num)
{
    char *ch = new char[20];
    sprintf(ch, "%d", num);
    string s = ch;
    delete ch; 
    ch = NULL;
    return s;
}

string Solution::intTOstring4(int num)
{
    char *ch = new char[20];
    itoa(num, ch, 10);
    string s;
    s = ch;
    delete ch;
    ch = NULL;
    return s;
}

int Solution::stringTOint1(string s)
{
    stringstream ss;
    ss << s;
    int num;
    ss >> num;
    return num;
}

int Solution::stringTOint2(string s)
{
    return atoi(s.c_str());
}


void main()
{
    Solution so;
    cout << "***************  int  ->  string  *******************" << endl;
    cout << "采用ostringstream将int型转换为string型：" << so.intTOstring1(123) << endl;
    cout << "采用stringstream将int型转换为string型：" << so.intTOstring2(101) << endl;
    cout << "采用sprintf将int型转换为string型：" << so.intTOstring3(234) << endl;
    cout << "采用itoa将int型转换为string型：" << so.intTOstring3(876) << endl;
    cout << "\n" << "***************  string  ->  int  *****************" << endl;
    cout << "采用stringstream将string型转换为int型：" << so.stringTOint1("65") << endl;
    cout << "采用string.c_str()和atoi()将string型转换为int型：" << so.stringTOint1("73") << endl;

}

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结果：

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补充：

1) c++中有3个输入输出控制类，分别为：istringstream。ostringstream、stringstream类。代码中用到了后2类。其中：
istringstream类执行C++风格的串流的输入操作。
ostringstream类执行C风格的串流的输出操作。
stringstream类同时支持C风格的串流的输入输出操作。
要使用这3类，必须包含头文件#include<sstream>

2) 当要清空ostringstream中数据时clear()函数不起作用，而应该采用ostringstream.str(“”)。证明如下：

void main()
{
    int num1 = 1, num2 = 2;
    ostringstream os;
    string s1, s2;
    cout << "采用os.clear()清空流中数据，结果如下：" << endl;
    os << num1;
    s1 = os.str();
    cout << "s1 = "<< s1 << endl;
    os.clear();
    os << num2;
    s2 = os.str();
    cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
}

void main()
{
    int num1 = 1, num2 = 2;
    ostringstream os;
    string s1, s2;
    cout << "采用os.str("")清空流中数据，结果如下：" << endl;
    os << num1;
    s1 = os.str();
    cout << "s1 = "<< s1 << endl;
    os.str("");
    os << num2;
    s2 = os.str();
    cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
}

原因是： ostringstream.clear()