最新「智能车联网」综述论文,170篇文献全面概述智能车联网(VANETs)技术

智能化的车联网是网络领域最活跃的研究主题之一,其核心是通过感应器收集信息,利用车联网通信技术将收集的信息集合起来,实现车辆精准定位、智能交叉路口管理、合作式自适应巡航控制、车辆早期安全预警、紧急消息广播以及自动驾驶等智能化车联网系统,为车辆驾驶员和乘客提供安全、高效、舒适的驾驶体验。本文将为大家介绍一篇2021年最新智能车联网综述。该综述对车联网关键技术:信息收集单元、数据传输关键技术、资源管理和安全应用所需要的物联网通信和传输协议等进行了总结。此外,该综述总结了车联网面临的几个挑战,包括安全性差、可靠性差、标准不统一和智能化水平低。最后,作者对强化学习算法、GNN和5G通信等最新技术在智能交通系统中的应用进行了展望。

论文地址:https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3451984

—1— 简介

车联网可以实现提高城市交通通行效率,减少交通事故的发生以及降低能源消耗的目标。如图4所示,我们展示了车联网的主要组成部分,它包括车辆信息收集、数据传输、路由协议、安全机制以及实现的应用或服务。这些应用、车载单元和路边单元通常由GPS、雷达、摄像头和传感器组成。它们收集道路和交通信息,如其它车辆的ID、类型、位置、距离等等。这些数据然后被传送到其它车辆以及网络应用去提高车辆的安全性和效率。更具体地说。(a)车辆上的设备收集数据;(b)根据采用的路由协议将这些数据传输给其它车辆;(c)通过4G/5G网络、互联网、WiFi等完成传输任务。车辆之间的数据交换被称为V2V通信,而车辆和基础设施之间的交换被重新称为V2I通信。(d) 围绕数据传输的网络安全协议保护数据和系统的安全性和完整性。

—2— 车联网的关键组成部分

2.1 信息收集单元

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Electronic Control Units (ECUs) of a vehicle control the behavior of its devices–e.g., break and engine. They communicate through the in-vehicle network. Vehicles communicate with other vehicles and Road Side Units (RSUs) through Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANets), with personal devices through Wireless Per- sonal Area Networks (WPANs), and with service center systems through cellular networks. A vehicle that uses an external network, in addition to the in-vehicle network, is called connected vehicle. A connected vehicle could benefit from smart mobility applications: applications that use information generated by vehicles, e.g., cooperative adaptive cruise control. However, connecting in-vehicle network, VANet, WPAN, and cellular network in- creases the count and complexity of threats to vehicles, which makes developing security and privacy solutions for connected vehicles more challenging. In this work we provide a taxonomy for security and privacy aspects of connected vehicle. The aspects are: security of communication links, data validity, security of devices, identity and liability, access control, and privacy of drivers and vehicles. We use the taxonomy to classify the main threats to connected vehicles, and existing solutions that address the threats. We also report about the (only) approach for verifying security and privacy architecture of connected vehicle that we found in the literature. The taxonomy and survey could be used by security architects to develop security solutions for smart mobility applications.

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