1、简单教大家linux环境下mysql安装过程,废话不多说直接上步骤。
2、mysql安装命令。
- 检查当前系统是否已经安装
[root@zero Desktop]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64
- 查看是否有安装包
[root@zero Desktop]# yum list mysql*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
3. base: mirrors.cn99.com
4. extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
5. updates: mirrors.cn99.com
Installed Packages
mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.52-1.el6_0.1 @anaconda-CentOS-201111250358.x86_64/6.1
Available Packages
MySQL-python.x86_64 1.2.3-0.3.c1.1.el6 base
mysql.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-bench.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-connector-java.noarch 1:5.1.17-6.el6 base
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 5.1.5r1144-7.el6 base
mysql-devel.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-devel.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded-devel.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-embedded-devel.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-libs.i686 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-server.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base
mysql-test.x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8
3. 安装mysql客户端
[root@zero Desktop]# yum install mysql
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
=============================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base 895 k
Updating for dependencies:
mysql-libs x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base 1.2 M
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Upgrade 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 2.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm | 895 kB 00:00
(2/2): mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:02
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 547 kB/s | 2.1 MB 00:03
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64 1/3
Installing : mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64 2/3
Cleanup : mysql-libs-5.1.52-1.el6_0.1.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8
Dependency Updated:
mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8
Complete!
执行看到complete 说明mysql客户端安装成功。
4.安装mysql服务端
[root@zero Desktop]# yum install mysql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.cn99.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.cn99.com
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-server x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base 8.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
perl-DBD-MySQL x86_64 4.013-3.el6 base 134 k
perl-DBI x86_64 1.609-4.el6 base 705 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Total download size: 9.4 M
Installed size: 27 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/3): mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm | 8.6 MB 00:14
(2/3): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64.rpm | 134 kB 00:00
(3/3): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 705 kB 00:01
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 607 kB/s | 9.4 MB 00:15
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.x86_64 1/3
Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64 2/3
Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64 3/3
Installed:
mysql-server.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8
Dependency Installed:
perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6
Complete!
执行看到complete 说明mysql service端安装成功。
yum install mysql-devel 是一些所需库和包含文件,如果你想要编译其他MySQL客户程序, 例如Perl模块
[root@zero Desktop]# yum install mysql-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.cn99.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.cn99.com
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-devel.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-devel x86_64 5.1.73-8.el6_8 base 130 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 130 k
Installed size: 388 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
mysql-devel-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64.rpm | 130 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : mysql-devel-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
mysql-devel.x86_64 0:5.1.73-8.el6_8
Complete!
执行看到complete 说明mysql devel安装成功。
5.修改mysql数据库字符集 default-character-set=utf8
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
default-character-set=utf8
3.mysql 启动、停止服务
(1)启动服务:
[root@zero Desktop]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
(2)停止服务:
[root@zero Desktop]# service mysqld stop
Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]
(3)设置为开机自动启动:
[root@zero Desktop]# chkconfig mysqld on
4、登陆与忘记密码处理
(1)创建root管理员:
[root@zero Desktop]# mysqladmin -u root password 123456(设置密码)
(2)登陆mysql:
[root@zero Desktop]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
看到这个提示说明mysql数据库连接成功。
(3)如果忘记密码:
[root@zero Desktop]# service mysqld stop
[root@zero Desktop]# mysqld_safe --user=root --skip-grant-tables
[root@zero Desktop]# mysql -u root
[root@zero Desktop]# use mysql
[root@zero Desktop]# update user set password=password("123456") where user="root";
[root@zero Desktop]# flush privileges;
4、允许远程访问设置。
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set host='%' where user = 'root';
mysql> select host , user from user;
+-----------+------+
| host | user |
+-----------+------+
| % | root |
| 127.0.0.1 | root |
| localhost | |
+-----------+------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
%表示允许所有的ip访问,修改成功可以远程任何地址都可以访问当前mysql数据库
6、mysql的几个重要目录
(a)数据库目录 /var/lib/mysql/
(b)配置文件
/usr/share /mysql(mysql.server命令及配置文件)
©相关命令
/usr/bin(mysqladmin mysqldump等命令)
(d)启动脚本
/etc/rc.d/init.d/(启动脚本文件mysql的目录)