小猪的Android入门之路 Day 8 part 4

小猪的Android入门之路 Day 8 part 4

Android网络编程浅析——Android网络数据的上传

——转载请注明出处:coder-pig

本节引言:

在part 3中我们已经学习了Android网络数据的下载,难点是多线程断点续传下载;

有下载,当然也有上传啦,本节就来研究下Android中的网络数据的上传!

1.使用GET或者Post方式上传数据给服务器

2.使用开源框架HttpClient上传数据到服务区

3.发送xml数据给服务器

4.通过Http协议上传文件

5.WebService平台的了解以及简单应用

好了,开始本节的内容吧!

本节学习路线图

注意:在查询城市天气那个demo中可以不适用地区码,直接发送城市名即可!

正文:

使用GET方法或者POST方法上传数据

核心代码比较:

GET服务类:

<a target=_blank id="L1" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L1" rel="#L1" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 1</a> <a target=_blank id="L2" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L2" rel="#L2" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 2</a> <a target=_blank id="L3" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L3" rel="#L3" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 3</a> <a target=_blank id="L4" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L4" rel="#L4" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 4</a> <a target=_blank id="L5" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L5" rel="#L5" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 5</a> <a target=_blank id="L6" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L6" rel="#L6" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 6</a> <a target=_blank id="L7" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L7" rel="#L7" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 7</a> <a target=_blank id="L8" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L8" rel="#L8" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 8</a> <a target=_blank id="L9" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L9" rel="#L9" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 9</a> <a target=_blank id="L10" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L10" rel="#L10" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 10</a> <a target=_blank id="L11" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L11" rel="#L11" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 11</a> <a target=_blank id="L12" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L12" rel="#L12" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 12</a> <a target=_blank id="L13" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L13" rel="#L13" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 13</a> <a target=_blank id="L14" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L14" rel="#L14" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 14</a> <a target=_blank id="L15" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L15" rel="#L15" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 15</a> <a target=_blank id="L16" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L16" rel="#L16" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 16</a> <a target=_blank id="L17" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L17" rel="#L17" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 17</a> <a target=_blank id="L18" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L18" rel="#L18" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 18</a> <a target=_blank id="L19" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L19" rel="#L19" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 19</a> <a target=_blank id="L20" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L20" rel="#L20" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 20</a> <a target=_blank id="L21" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L21" rel="#L21" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 21</a> <a target=_blank id="L22" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L22" rel="#L22" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 22</a> <a target=_blank id="L23" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L23" rel="#L23" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 23</a> <a target=_blank id="L24" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L24" rel="#L24" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 24</a> <a target=_blank id="L25" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L25" rel="#L25" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 25</a> <a target=_blank id="L26" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L26" rel="#L26" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 26</a> <a target=_blank id="L27" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L27" rel="#L27" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 27</a> <a target=_blank id="L28" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L28" rel="#L28" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 28</a> <a target=_blank id="L29" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L29" rel="#L29" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 29</a> <a target=_blank id="L30" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L30" rel="#L30" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 30</a> <a target=_blank id="L31" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L31" rel="#L31" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 31</a> <a target=_blank id="L32" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L32" rel="#L32" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 32</a> <a target=_blank id="L33" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L33" rel="#L33" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 33</a> <a target=_blank id="L34" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L34" rel="#L34" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 34</a> <a target=_blank id="L35" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L35" rel="#L35" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 35</a> <a target=_blank id="L36" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L36" rel="#L36" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 36</a> <a target=_blank id="L37" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L37" rel="#L37" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); 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text-decoration: none;"> 43</a> <a target=_blank id="L44" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L44" rel="#L44" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 44</a> <a target=_blank id="L45" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L45" rel="#L45" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 45</a> <a target=_blank id="L46" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L46" rel="#L46" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 46</a> <a target=_blank id="L47" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L47" rel="#L47" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 47</a> <a target=_blank id="L48" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L48" rel="#L48" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 48</a> <a target=_blank id="L49" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L49" rel="#L49" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 49</a> <a target=_blank id="L50" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L50" rel="#L50" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 50</a> <a target=_blank id="L51" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L51" rel="#L51" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 51</a> <a target=_blank id="L52" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L52" rel="#L52" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 52</a> <a target=_blank id="L53" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L53" rel="#L53" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 53</a> <a target=_blank id="L54" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L54" rel="#L54" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 54</a>

package com . example . service ; import java.net.HttpURLConnection ; import java.net.URL ; import java.net.URLEncoder ; import java.util.HashMap ; import java.util.Map ; import java.util.Map.Entry ; import android.util.Log ; public class GETService { public static boolean save ( String name , String passwd ) throws Exception { String path = "http://10.13.20.73:8081/UploadWeb/ServletForGET" ; Map < String , String > params = new HashMap < String , String >(); Log . e ( "逗比" , name + passwd ); params . put ( "name" , name ); params . put ( "passwd" , passwd ); return sendGetRequest ( path , params , "UTF-8" ); } /** * 发送GET请求 * @param path 请求路径 * @param params 请求参数 * */ private static boolean sendGetRequest ( String path , Map < String , String > params , String encoding ) throws Exception { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder ( path ); if ( params != null && ! params . isEmpty ()) { sb . append ( "?" ); for ( Entry < String , String > entry : params . entrySet ()) { sb . append ( entry . getKey ()). append ( "=" ); sb . append ( URLEncoder . encode ( entry . getValue (), encoding )); sb . append ( "&" ); } sb . deleteCharAt ( sb . length () - 1 ); System . out . println ( sb . toString ()); } HttpURLConnection conn = ( HttpURLConnection ) new URL ( sb . toString ()). openConnection (); conn . setConnectTimeout ( 5000 ); conn . setRequestMethod ( "GET" ); if ( conn . getResponseCode () == 200 ) { return true ; } return false ; } }

 来自CODE的代码片

GETService.java

POST服务类:

<a target=_blank id="L1" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L1" rel="#L1" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 1</a> <a target=_blank id="L2" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L2" rel="#L2" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 2</a> <a target=_blank id="L3" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L3" rel="#L3" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 3</a> <a target=_blank id="L4" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L4" rel="#L4" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 4</a> <a target=_blank id="L5" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L5" rel="#L5" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 5</a> <a target=_blank id="L6" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L6" rel="#L6" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 6</a> <a target=_blank id="L7" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L7" rel="#L7" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 7</a> <a target=_blank id="L8" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L8" rel="#L8" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 8</a> <a target=_blank id="L9" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L9" rel="#L9" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 9</a> <a target=_blank id="L10" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L10" rel="#L10" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 10</a> <a target=_blank id="L11" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L11" rel="#L11" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 11</a> <a target=_blank id="L12" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L12" rel="#L12" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 12</a> <a target=_blank id="L13" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L13" rel="#L13" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 13</a> <a target=_blank id="L14" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L14" rel="#L14" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 14</a> <a target=_blank id="L15" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L15" rel="#L15" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 15</a> <a target=_blank id="L16" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L16" rel="#L16" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 16</a> <a target=_blank id="L17" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L17" rel="#L17" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 17</a> <a target=_blank id="L18" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L18" rel="#L18" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 18</a> <a target=_blank id="L19" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L19" rel="#L19" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 19</a> <a target=_blank id="L20" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L20" rel="#L20" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 20</a> <a target=_blank id="L21" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L21" rel="#L21" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 21</a> <a target=_blank id="L22" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L22" rel="#L22" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 22</a> <a target=_blank id="L23" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L23" rel="#L23" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 23</a> <a target=_blank id="L24" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L24" rel="#L24" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-decoration: none;"> 24</a> <a target=_blank id="L25" href="http://blog.csdn.net/coder_pig/article/details/39381479#L25" rel="#L25" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); 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package com . example . service ; import java.io.OutputStream ; import java.net.HttpURLConnection ; import java.net.URL ; import java.net.URLEncoder ; import java.util.HashMap ; import java.util.Map ; import java.util.Map.Entry ; public class POSTService { public static boolean save ( String name , String passwd ) throws Exception { String path = "http://10.13.20.73:8081/UploadWeb/ServletForPOST" ; Map < String , String > params = new HashMap < String , String >(); params . put ( "name" , name ); params . put ( "passwd" , passwd ); return sendPOSTRequest ( path , params , "UTF-8" ); } /** * 发送POST请求 * @param path 请求路径 * @param params 请求参数 * */ private static boolean sendPOSTRequest ( String path , Map < String , String > params , String encoding ) throws Exception { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder ( path ); if ( params != null && ! params . isEmpty ()) { sb . append ( "?" ); for ( Entry < String , String > entry : params . entrySet ()) { sb . append ( entry . getKey ()). append ( "=" ); sb . append ( URLEncoder . encode ( entry . getValue (), encoding )); sb . append ( "&" ); } sb . deleteCharAt ( sb . length () - 1 ); System . out . println ( sb . toString ()); } byte [] data = sb . toString (). getBytes (); HttpURLConnection conn = ( HttpURLConnection ) new URL ( sb . toString ()). openConnection (); conn . setConnectTimeout ( 5000 ); conn . setRequestMethod ( "POST" ); conn . setDoOutput ( true ); //设置允许对外传输数据 conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Type" , "application/" + "x-www-form-urlencoded" ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Length" , data . length + "" ); OutputStream os = conn . getOutputStream (); os . write ( data ); os . flush (); if ( conn . getResponseCode () == 200 ) { return true ; } return false ; } }

 来自CODE的代码片

POSTService.java

ps:相信细心的朋友都看出来这两个服务类不同的地方了,get是直接发送请求的,而post还需要设置相关的参数,

最后是以流的方式提交数据的!

完整项目下载:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qWobnvm

效果图:

ps:另外还要说一点的是,传递中文可能出现乱码的情况,笔者之前也在这里纠结了半天,改来改去还是不行,后来发现是自己

的myeclpise的问题,上述运行结果是到同学的电脑运行的结果,乱码的话是因为tomcat默认支持的事iso8859-1编码方式

下面提供两个简单的解决乱码问题的方法(其实更重要的是注意编码的统一！！！)

1.在servlet取出数据的时候,使用下述代码进行转码:

 String name = new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"UTF-8"); 

2.修改Tomcat的conf/server.xml文件,找到,下述代码,添加:URIEncoding='UTF-8'

修改后:(utf-8不行的话再改成gbk试试)

ps:如上述方法都不行的话,就可能是tomcat的问题了,建议别直接使用myeclpise提供的tomcat;自己下载个tomcat配置下

如果还是乱码;去别人电脑试试,如果可以就说明是编译器的问题了;如果还是不行的话,我也帮不了你了

使用开源框架HttpClient发送请求:

核心代码:(直接使用httpClient发送post请求)

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private static boolean HttpClientSendPostRequest ( String path , Map < String , String > params , String encoding ) throws Exception { //NameValuePair是HttpClient提供的一个类,用于提交表单数据 List < NameValuePair > pairs = new ArrayList < NameValuePair >(); if ( params != null && ! params . isEmpty ()) { for ( Map . Entry < String , String > entry: params . entrySet ()) { pairs . add ( new BasicNameValuePair ( entry . getKey (), entry . getValue ())); } } UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity ( pairs , encoding ); HttpPost post = new HttpPost ( path ); post . setEntity ( entity ); DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient (); HttpResponse response = client . execute ( post ); if ( response . getStatusLine (). getStatusCode () == 200 ) { return true ; } return false ; }

 来自CODE的代码片

HttpClientPostService.java

代码使用示例:

用户向某个jsp页面发送请求,如果没登陆的话返回提示没有没有权限访问页面;

点击登录后,验证账号密码是否正确,正确的话弹出Toast信息,并显示服务端反馈的内容

服务端使用到了session,相信学过jsp的同学都知道,可以通过这个判断用户是否为登录状态！

这里就直接套用疯狂讲义中的demo

效果图:

代码下载:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1kTgJRxX

核心代码解析:

①服务端如何判断用户是否登录?

答:点击登录按钮指向的是login.jsp,在这里完成登录,同时把状态写入到session

session.setAttribute("user" , name);

同时在该页面中匹配账号密码是否正确,否则返回不同的结果,成功或者失败!

当我们点击访问页面,请求指向的事secret.jsp页面,该页面先取出session中的name对应的值

与"jay"进行匹配,有的话,根据判断结果返回不同的处理结果:

<%Object user = session.getAttribute("user");

if(user != null && user.toString().trim().equals("jay"))....%>

else{out.println("您没有被授权访问该页面");}%>

②客户端提交请求,解析响应结果:

[java]   view plain copy print ?

1. // 创建一个HttpGet对象  
2.     HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://10.13.20.32:8080/foo/secret.jsp");  
3.   
4. // 发送GET请求  
5. HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(get);  
6. //获得服务器反馈的结果  
7. HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
8. if (entity != null)  
9. {  
10.     // 读取服务器响应  
11.     BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent()));  
12.     String line = null;  
13.     while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)  
14.         {  
15.             Message msg = new Message();  
16.             msg.what = 0x123;  
17.             msg.obj = line;  
18.             handler.sendMessage(msg);  
19.     }  

发送xml数据给服务器:

和前面的差不多,这里只贴核心业务代码,要用的时候直接复制即可!

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//发送xml的核心方法 public static boolean sendXML ( String path , String xml ) throws Exception { byte [] data = xml . getBytes (); URL url = new URL ( path ); HttpURLConnection conn = ( HttpURLConnection ) url . openConnection (); conn . setRequestMethod ( "POST" ); conn . setConnectTimeout ( 5000 ); conn . setDoOutput ( true ); //使用post提交数据,需要设置该参数允许对外输出 //关键:设置发送de内容的类型是XML格式的 conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Type" , "text/xml;charset=UTF-8" ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Length" , String . valueOf ( data . length )); OutputStream os = conn . getOutputStream (); os . write ( data ); os . flush (); os . close (); if ( conn . getResponseCode () == 200 ) return true ; return false ; } //演示客户端发送xml示例 public void testSendXml () throws Throwable { String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>" + "<persons><persion id=\"23\"><name>逗比</name><age>18</age>" + "</person></persons>" ; HttpRequest . sendXML ( "http://...." , xml ); }

 来自CODE的代码片

SendXML.java

使用Http协议完成文件上传操作:

相信大家在使用app的时候,都要完成一个注册用户的流程,而注册的时候,通常都是需要

用户上传图片作为自己的用户头像的,这里提供一个使用Http协议完成文件上传的业务代码:

另外,一般使用http上传的文件比较小,通常是小于2M的！

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public class SocketHttpRequester { /** * 发送xml数据 * @param path 请求地址 * @param xml xml数据 * @param encoding 编码 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte [] postXml ( String path , String xml , String encoding ) throws Exception { byte [] data = xml . getBytes ( encoding ); URL url = new URL ( path ); HttpURLConnection conn = ( HttpURLConnection ) url . openConnection (); conn . setRequestMethod ( "POST" ); conn . setDoOutput ( true ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Type" , "text/xml; charset=" + encoding ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Length" , String . valueOf ( data . length )); conn . setConnectTimeout ( 5 * 1000 ); OutputStream outStream = conn . getOutputStream (); outStream . write ( data ); outStream . flush (); outStream . close (); if ( conn . getResponseCode ()== 200 ){ return readStream ( conn . getInputStream ()); } return null ; } /** * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能: * <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id"> <input type="file" name="imagefile"/> <input type="file" name="zip"/> </FORM> * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试， * 因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean post ( String path , Map < String , String > params , FormFile [] files ) throws Exception { //数据分隔线 final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612" ; //数据结束标志"---------------------------7da2137580612--" final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--/r/n" ; //下面两个for循环都是为了得到数据长度参数，依据表单的类型而定 //首先得到文件类型数据的总长度(包括文件分割线) int fileDataLength = 0 ; for ( FormFile uploadFile : files ) { StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder (); fileExplain . append ( "--" ); fileExplain . append ( BOUNDARY ); fileExplain . append ( "/r/n" ); fileExplain . append ( "Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+" / ";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + " / "/r/n" ); fileExplain . append ( "Content-Type: " + uploadFile . getContentType ()+ "/r/n/r/n" ); fileExplain . append ( "/r/n" ); fileDataLength += fileExplain . length (); if ( uploadFile . getInStream ()!= null ){ fileDataLength += uploadFile . getFile (). length (); } else { fileDataLength += uploadFile . getData (). length ; } } //再构造文本类型参数的实体数据 StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder (); for ( Map . Entry < String , String > entry : params . entrySet ()) { textEntity . append ( "--" ); textEntity . append ( BOUNDARY ); textEntity . append ( "/r/n" ); textEntity . append ( "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=/""+ entry.getKey() + " / "/r/n/r/n" ); textEntity . append ( entry . getValue ()); textEntity . append ( "/r/n" ); } //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度(文本总长度+数据总长度+分隔符) int dataLength = textEntity . toString (). getBytes (). length + fileDataLength + endline . getBytes (). length ; URL url = new URL ( path ); //默认端口号其实可以不写 int port = url . getPort ()==- 1 ? 80 : url . getPort (); //建立一个Socket链接 Socket socket = new Socket ( InetAddress . getByName ( url . getHost ()), port ); //获得一个输出流（从Android流到web） OutputStream outStream = socket . getOutputStream (); //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送 String requestmethod = "POST " + url . getPath ()+ " HTTP/1.1/r/n" ; outStream . write ( requestmethod . getBytes ()); //构建accept String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*/r/n" ; outStream . write ( accept . getBytes ()); //构建language String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN/r/n" ; outStream . write ( language . getBytes ()); //构建contenttype String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=" + BOUNDARY + "/r/n" ; outStream . write ( contenttype . getBytes ()); //构建contentlength String contentlength = "Content-Length: " + dataLength + "/r/n" ; outStream . write ( contentlength . getBytes ()); //构建alive String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive/r/n" ; outStream . write ( alive . getBytes ()); //构建host String host = "Host: " + url . getHost () + ":" + port + "/r/n" ; outStream . write ( host . getBytes ()); //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行 outStream . write ( "/r/n" . getBytes ()); //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来 outStream . write ( textEntity . toString (). getBytes ()); //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来 for ( FormFile uploadFile : files ) { StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder (); fileEntity . append ( "--" ); fileEntity . append ( BOUNDARY ); fileEntity . append ( "/r/n" ); fileEntity . append ( "Content-Disposition: form-data;name=/""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+" / ";filename=/""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + " / "/r/n" ); fileEntity . append ( "Content-Type: " + uploadFile . getContentType ()+ "/r/n/r/n" ); outStream . write ( fileEntity . toString (). getBytes ()); //边读边写 if ( uploadFile . getInStream ()!= null ) { byte [] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ]; int len = 0 ; while (( len = uploadFile . getInStream (). read ( buffer , 0 , 1024 ))!=- 1 ) { outStream . write ( buffer , 0 , len ); } uploadFile . getInStream (). close (); } else { outStream . write ( uploadFile . getData (), 0 , uploadFile . getData (). length ); } outStream . write ( "/r/n" . getBytes ()); } //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束 outStream . write ( endline . getBytes ()); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader ( new InputStreamReader ( socket . getInputStream ())); //读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败 if ( reader . readLine (). indexOf ( "200" )==- 1 ) { return false ; } outStream . flush (); outStream . close (); reader . close (); socket . close (); return true ; } /** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean post ( String path , Map < String , String > params , FormFile file ) throws Exception { return post ( path , params , new FormFile []{ file }); } /** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.baidu.com或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param encode 编码 */ public static byte [] postFromHttpClient ( String path , Map < String , String > params , String encode ) throws Exception { //用于存放请求参数 List < NameValuePair > formparams = new ArrayList < NameValuePair >(); for ( Map . Entry < String , String > entry : params . entrySet ()) { formparams . add ( new BasicNameValuePair ( entry . getKey (), entry . getValue ())); } UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity ( formparams , encode ); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost ( path ); httppost . setEntity ( entity ); //看作是浏览器 HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient (); //发送post请求 HttpResponse response = httpclient . execute ( httppost ); return readStream ( response . getEntity (). getContent ()); } /** * 发送请求 * @param path 请求路径 * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名称 value为参数值 * @param encode 请求参数的编码 */ public static byte [] post ( String path , Map < String , String > params , String encode ) throws Exception { //String params = "method=save&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("老毕", "UTF-8")+ "&age=28&";//需要发送的参数 StringBuilder parambuilder = new StringBuilder ( "" ); if ( params != null && ! params . isEmpty ()) { for ( Map . Entry < String , String > entry : params . entrySet ()) { parambuilder . append ( entry . getKey ()). append ( "=" ) . append ( URLEncoder . encode ( entry . getValue (), encode )). append ( "&" ); } parambuilder . deleteCharAt ( parambuilder . length ()- 1 ); } byte [] data = parambuilder . toString (). getBytes (); URL url = new URL ( path ); HttpURLConnection conn = ( HttpURLConnection ) url . openConnection (); //设置允许对外发送请求参数 conn . setDoOutput ( true ); //设置不进行缓存 conn . setUseCaches ( false ); conn . setConnectTimeout ( 5 * 1000 ); conn . setRequestMethod ( "POST" ); //下面设置http请求头 conn . setRequestProperty ( "Accept" , "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*" ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Accept-Language" , "zh-CN" ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "User-Agent" , "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)" ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Type" , "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" ); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Content-Length" , String . valueOf ( data . length )); conn . setRequestProperty ( "Connection" , "Keep-Alive" ); //发送参数 DataOutputStream outStream = new DataOutputStream ( conn . getOutputStream ()); outStream . write ( data ); //把参数发送出去 outStream . flush (); outStream . close (); if ( conn . getResponseCode ()== 200 ) { return readStream ( conn . getInputStream ()); } return null ; } /** * 读取流 * @param inStream * @return 字节数组 * @throws Exception */ public static byte [] readStream ( InputStream inStream ) throws Exception { ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream (); byte [] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ]; int len = - 1 ; while ( ( len = inStream . read ( buffer )) != - 1 ) { outSteam . write ( buffer , 0 , len ); } outSteam . close (); inStream . close (); return outSteam . toByteArray (); } }

 来自CODE的代码片

SocketHttpRequester.java

实现代码解析:Android使用http协议上传mp3

Android平台调用WebService

WebService的简单介绍:

ps:如果上面看完还是对WebService不是很了解的话,就算了,笔者没弄过WebService,所以也不知道！

而现在我们要做的不是去讨论如果去搭建一个WebService,我们要做的是去获得WebService提供的服务!

然后解析返回的xml数据,把这些数据显示到安卓手机上,简单的小例子如:输入手机号码,获取手机归属地;

查询某地的天气预报,快递单号查询等!

那么我们要怎么去获得这些服务呢?

首先我们去找到提供webService的一些网站:(笔者知道的有以下这两个,如果有免费的站点,欢迎提出)

①WebXML:http://www.webxml.com.cn/zh_cn/web_services.aspx

也是使用得最多的一个WebService站点,貌似以前是免费的,不过都商业化了,当然是可以试用!不过次数有限!

该网站上提供了16个不同的web服务,可以按照自己的需求,查询自己需要的服务,调用不同的接口即可!

相关使用次数:

②云聚36wu:http://www.36wu.com/Service

同样也提供了很多的服务,很多手机的app都是用的这里的接口,比如彩虹公交,手机天气等

不过,这个也是要收费的=-=,可以试用,不过只能一小时内发送20次请求;

点击申请使用,获得key就可以了!两者随便选一个吧!鉴于笔者是学生狗,没什么收入来源,

后期可能会研究下如何搭建自己的WebService,毕竟现在有那么多云平台!敬请期待

好了,有了获取服务的站点后,接着就要开始我们app的开发了,由于篇幅关系,这里就简单的演示

下查询号码归属地和天气情况的流程吧,其他的以后根据需求再进行研究!

使用示例:根据手机号码获得归属地与天气情况

step 1:下载第三方jar包:ksoap2 Android:

首先如果想在Android平台上调用WebService需要依赖于第三方类库:ksoap2

而在Android平台上,使用的是ksoap2 Android,一个高效,轻量级的SOAP开发包!

jar包下载地址:https://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/wiki/HowToUse?tm=2

鉴于是google的网站,天朝墙了,可能上不去,这里给出百度云的下载链接:

备用胎:3.30版本:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i3sZksl

           2.54版本:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jGoTyQi

如果所幸你能进入jar包的下载地址的话,那么你会看到下面的界面:

step 2:记录相关参数:

在开始实际操作之前,我们先要从WebService获取一些信息:分别是:NameSpace(命名空间),SoapAction以及URL

URL就不用说了,其他参数这样找:

然后就可以获取我们需要的SoapAction和namespace了

好了,先把这两个mark下来,接着要测试下自己所在地区的地区码了,在theCityCode:输入所在的城市

下面的id可以不填,因为我们用的是免费用户,接着到达下一个界面,可以看到:

同样的,我们还要做一个号码归属地查询的,所以还要获取号码查询的Service的SoapAction与命名控件:

step 3:开始我们代码的编写了:

效果图:

源码下载:WebService的使用demo

工程核心解析:

一.记得把Android soap2的jar包导入到工程中！不然会提示相关类找不到的！

二.核心代码的编写:

①获取号码所属地的Activity

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package com . jay . example . webserviceusedemo ; import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope ; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject ; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope ; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE ; import android.app.Activity ; import android.os.Bundle ; import android.os.Handler ; import android.os.Message ; import android.view.View ; import android.view.View.OnClickListener ; import android.widget.Button ; import android.widget.EditText ; import android.widget.TextView ; import android.widget.Toast ; public class NumberActivity extends Activity { //定义获取手机信息的SoapAction与命名空间,作为常量 static final String AddressnameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/" ; static final String Addressurl = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/MobileCodeWS.asmx" ; static final String Addressmethod = "getMobileCodeInfo" ; static final String AddresssoapAction = "http://WebXml.com.cn/getMobileCodeInfo" ; //定义相关变量: private Button btnn ; private TextView textshown ; private EditText editnum ; private String number ; private String result ; //定义一个Handler类,用来更新TextView显示内容的 Handler handler = new Handler () { public void handleMessage ( Message msg ) { System . out . println ( "查询后的归属地信息:" + result ); textshown . setText ( result ); Toast . makeText ( NumberActivity . this , "获取天气信息成功" , Toast . LENGTH_SHORT ). show (); }; }; protected void onCreate ( Bundle savedInstanceState ) { super . onCreate ( savedInstanceState ); setContentView ( R . layout . activity_number ); btnn = ( Button ) findViewById ( R . id . btnn ); editnum = ( EditText ) findViewById ( R . id . editnum ); textshown = ( TextView ) findViewById ( R . id . textshown ); btnn . setOnClickListener ( new OnClickListener () { @Override public void onClick ( View v ) { new Thread ( new Runnable () { public void run () { getland (); } }). start (); } }); } public void getland () { SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject ( AddressnameSpace , Addressmethod ); soapObject . addProperty ( "mobileCode" , editnum . getText (). toString ()); soapObject . addProperty ( "userid" , "" ); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope ( SoapEnvelope . VER11 ); envelope . bodyOut = soapObject ; envelope . dotNet = true ; envelope . setOutputSoapObject ( soapObject ); HttpTransportSE httpTransportSE = new HttpTransportSE ( Addressurl ); // System.out.println("号码信息设置完毕,准备开启服务"); try { httpTransportSE . call ( AddresssoapAction , envelope ); //System.out.println("调用WebService服务成功"); } catch ( Exception e ){ e . printStackTrace (); //System.out.println("调用WebService服务失败"); } //获得服务返回的数据,并且开始解析 SoapObject object = ( SoapObject ) envelope . bodyIn ; //System.out.println("获得服务数据"); result = object . getProperty ( 0 ). toString (); //System.out.println("获取信息完毕,向主线程发信息"); handler . sendEmptyMessage ( 0 ); //System.out.println("发送完毕,textview显示天气信息"); } }

 来自CODE的代码片

NumberActivity.java

②获取某城市(这里是江门)的天气情况

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package com . jay . example . webserviceusedemo ; import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope ; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject ; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope ; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE ; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpsTransportSE ; import android.app.Activity ; import android.os.Bundle ; import android.os.Handler ; import android.os.Message ; import android.view.View ; import android.view.View.OnClickListener ; import android.widget.Button ; import android.widget.TextView ; import android.widget.Toast ; public class WetherActivity extends Activity { //定义获取天气信息的SoapAction与命名空间,作为常量 static final String WeathernameSpace = "http://www.36wu.com/" ; static final String Weatherurl = "http://web.36wu.com/WeatherService.asmx" ; static final String Weathermethod = "GetWeather" ; static final String WeathersoapAction = "http://www.36wu.com/GetWeather" ; //定义相关变量: private Button btnw ; private TextView textwether ; private String wether ; //定义一个Handler类,用来更新TextView显示内容的 Handler handler = new Handler () { public void handleMessage ( Message msg ) { System . out . println ( "更新后的天气信息:" + wether ); textwether . setText ( wether ); Toast . makeText ( WetherActivity . this , "获取天气信息成功" , Toast . LENGTH_SHORT ). show (); }; }; protected void onCreate ( Bundle savedInstanceState ) { super . onCreate ( savedInstanceState ); setContentView ( R . layout . activity_wether ); btnw = ( Button ) findViewById ( R . id . btnw ); textwether = ( TextView ) findViewById ( R . id . textshoww ); btnw . setOnClickListener ( new OnClickListener () { @Override public void onClick ( View v ) { //因为不允许在主线程中进行网络操作,所以需要另外开辟一个线程 new Thread () { @Override public void run () { getWether (); } }. start (); } }); } //定义一个获取天气的方法 public void getWether () { SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject ( WeathernameSpace , Weathermethod ); soapObject . addProperty ( "district" , "2408" ); soapObject . addProperty ( "authkey" , "dd77aaf5254d48a3a3eaab2f207b027a" ); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope ( SoapEnvelope . VER11 ); envelope . bodyOut = soapObject ; envelope . dotNet = true ; envelope . setOutputSoapObject ( soapObject ); HttpTransportSE httpTransportSE = new HttpTransportSE ( Weatherurl ); System . out . println ( "天气服务设置完毕,准备开启服务" ); try { httpTransportSE . call ( WeathersoapAction , envelope ); System . out . println ( "调用WebService服务成功" ); } catch ( Exception e ){ e . printStackTrace (); System . out . println ( "调用WebService服务失败" ); } //获得服务返回的数据,并且开始解析 SoapObject object = ( SoapObject ) envelope . bodyIn ; System . out . println ( "获得服务数据" ); wether = object . getProperty ( 0 ). toString (); System . out . println ( "获取信息完毕,向主线程发信息" ); handler . sendEmptyMessage ( 0 ); System . out . println ( "发送完毕,textview显示天气信息" ); } }

 来自CODE的代码片

WetherActivity.java

ps:相信细心的朋友都会发现这里用了两个不同的webservice站点,一个是webxml一个是36wu;

其实呢一开始都是用的webxml,但是,笔者的运气真是背,刚好遇到了天气查询服务维护,

笔者即使使用申请使用id,也是返回"...现在不支持普通用户,...申请id",所以就用了36wu的!

其实都差不多,改起来也是比较简单的,根据站点的soap改下相关参数即可:

另外,别忘了,添加Internet权限哦!在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加下述权限:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

总结:

本文的内容还是比较多的,但是都不难,很多只要我们大概明白原理,然后到用的时候

知道怎么去改就可以了!笔者也写了几天才写完的!如果你能坚持看完的话,相信你会收获

很多,另外文章篇幅较长,希望读者可以耐心读完,写这么详细是想照顾一些和我一样的迷途

小菜鸟,望体谅,好了,本节就到这里!谢谢你们的支持另外,现在大部分的WebService站点

都是要收费的,笔者穷屌买不起会员,只能试用试用了,以后进公司就不用自己给钱了!

不过大牛说可以自己搭建个WebService服务器,以后有时间会尝试弄一个,然后把经验分享

给大家的,毕竟现在各种云,阿里云,腾讯云,搜狐云景...好了,最后贴下申请试用key的流程吧!

有兴趣的再看吧!

==============可以不看==================================================

附录:

一.webxml申请试用id:

注册账号

登陆账号,查看自己的key

点击我的web服务,可以看到相关的服务,这里笔者开通了天气查询的,试用五天:

这里的是要给钱的,所以说起其它的6个服务是免费的,比如我们的号码归属地查询...

接着我们来到weather服务那里,输入地区编码以及我们的key,就可以查询天气了:

噔噔噔,接着就可以看到信息了,我们就可以在我们的应用中解析这些数据了~!

二.36wu的key的申请与使用流程:

相比webxml就抠门很多了,人家起码可以使用5个服务,一个服务5天,5*5=25

而36wu的key只能用一天,也不能说扣吧,商家都要赚钱!一天就一天,也可以爽一下啦!

同样是需要申请key的

接着会收到一条短信=-=,把key复制下即可

接着同样来到wetherservice的界面:输入地区码和key

返回结果,接着就到我们的客户端进行处理了: