最近在flightware上看到一个好玩的功能,根据季节和一天中的时间,计算太阳的光照线,并模拟出白天黑夜分界线。这里分享一下。
1.结果
夏至日:北半球光照最多,白天最长,黑夜最短,北极圈极昼,南极圈极夜(下图为夏至日北京时间12点)
冬至日:北半球光照最少,白天最短,黑夜最长,北极圈极夜,南极圈极昼(下图为冬至日北京时间12点)
春分秋分:南北半球光照相当,日夜等长(下图为春分秋分日北京时间12点)
春分秋分:(下图为春分秋分日北京时间24点)
2.原理
原理大概就是根据客户端的时区和时间,计算出太阳分界线,并添加到地图上,计算过程太麻烦我看不太懂,如果有谁知道原理麻烦告知一下。
3.代码
先引入Javascript日期处理类库:moment.js,用于函数中的日期处理。
代码是一个函数,直接调用即可,我在原函数计算结果的基础上稍微修改了一下。
function addDayNightTerminator(){
var twilightWidth = 667918;
var twilightSteps = 13;
var points = 288;
var maxDimension = ol.proj.get('EPSG:3857').getExtent()[3];
var minDimension = ol.proj.get('EPSG:3857').getExtent()[1];
this.dayFeatures = [];
this.nightFeatures = [];
this._terminatorCurveSetCache = {};
this._generateTerminatorCurveSet = function(dayOfYear) {
offsetX = maxDimension;
var declination = 0.40927971 * Math.sin((2 * Math.PI / 365) * (dayOfYear - 81.5));
var termFunction = function(lon) {
var cosFactor = -Math.cos((lon + offsetX) * (Math.PI / maxDimension));
return (2 * maxDimension / Math.PI) * Math.atan(cosFactor / Math.tan(declination));
};
var lonPrimeFunction = function(t) {
return (maxDimension - minDimension) / points;
};
var latPrimeFunction = function(t) {
var aFactor = 2 * maxDimension / Math.PI;
var bFactor = offsetX;
var cFactor = Math.PI / maxDimension;
var dFactor = Math.tan(declination);
var cosOperand = ((minDimension + (((maxDimension - minDimension) / points) * t)) + bFactor) * cFactor;
return (aFactor / (1 + Math.pow((-Math.cos(cosOperand) / dFactor), 2))) * (Math.sin(cosOperand) / dFactor) * (cFactor * (maxDimension - minDimension)) / points;
};
var lonParallelFunction = function(dist, t) {
return (dist * latPrimeFunction(t)) / Math.sqrt(Math.pow(lonPrimeFunction(t), 2) + Math.pow(latPrimeFunction(t), 2));
}
var latParallelFunction = function(dist, t) {
return (dist * lonPrimeFunction(t)) / Math.sqrt(Math.pow(lonPrimeFunction(t), 2) + Math.pow(latPrimeFunction(t), 2));
}
var lineCoords = [];
for (var i = 0; i < twilightSteps; i++) {
lineCoords.push([]);
}
for (var i = 0; i < points; i++) {
var lon = minDimension + ((maxDimension - minDimension) / points * i);
var lat = termFunction(lon);
lineCoords[0].push([lon, lat]);
var latDeg = ol.proj.toLonLat([lon, lat])[1];
var latRad = latDeg * Math.PI / 180;
var baseDist = (twilightWidth / (twilightSteps - 1)) / Math.cos(latRad);
var steps = (twilightSteps - 1) / 2
for (var j = 1; j <= steps; j++) {
var dist = baseDist * j;
lineCoords[j].push([lon + lonParallelFunction(dist, i), Math.max(lat - latParallelFunction(dist, i), minDimension)]);
lineCoords[j + steps].push([lon - lonParallelFunction(dist, i), Math.min(lat + latParallelFunction(dist, i), maxDimension)]);
}
}
var dayShimCoord = (declination < 0) ? minDimension : maxDimension;
var nightShimCoord = (declination < 0) ? maxDimension : minDimension;
return {
curves: lineCoords,
dayShimCoord: dayShimCoord,
nightShimCoord: nightShimCoord
};
};
this.getTerminatorCurveSet = function(dayOfYear) {
if (!(dayOfYear in this._terminatorCurveSetCache)) {
this._terminatorCurveSetCache[dayOfYear] = this._generateTerminatorCurveSet(dayOfYear);
}
return $.extend(true, {}, this._terminatorCurveSetCache[dayOfYear]);
};
this.setClock = function(clock) {
var now = moment.unix(clock).utc();
var baseCurveData = this.getTerminatorCurveSet(now.dayOfYear());
var dayFraction = (now.hour() * 3600 + now.minute() * 60 + now.second()) / 86400;
var offsetX = dayFraction * 2 * maxDimension;
offsetX = Math.round(offsetX / ((2 * maxDimension) / points)) * ((2 * maxDimension) / points);
$.each(baseCurveData.curves, $.proxy(function(k1, curve) {
$.each(curve, function(k2, coord) {
curve[k2][0] -= offsetX;
});
var count = 0;
while (true) {
if (count > curve.length) {
break;
}
if (curve[0][0] < minDimension) {
var coord = curve.shift();
coord[0] += (maxDimension - minDimension);
curve.push(coord);
} else {
break;
}
count++;
}
curve.push([curve[0][0] + (maxDimension - minDimension), curve[0][1]]);
var nightCoords = curve.slice(0);
nightCoords.push([maxDimension, baseCurveData.nightShimCoord], [minDimension, baseCurveData.nightShimCoord], curve[0]);
/*$.each(nightCoords, function(i, coord) { //如果地图是4326坐标系,需要在这里转化
nightCoords[i] = ol.proj.transform(nightCoords[i],'EPSG:3857','EPSG:4326')
});*/
var nightGeometry = new ol.geom.Polygon([nightCoords]);
this.nightFeatures[k1].setGeometry(nightGeometry);
}, this));
};
for (var i = 0; i < twilightSteps; i++) {
this.nightFeatures.push(new ol.Feature({
type: 'night'
}));
}
this.setClock(Math.round(new Date().getTime()/1000));//设置时间,不设置则为当前时间 '2017-03-22 12:00'
var twilightLayer = new ol.layer.Vector({
source: new ol.source.Vector({
features: [].concat(this.nightFeatures)
}),
opacity:0.1,
style:new ol.style.Style({
fill: new ol.style.Fill({
color: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.4)'
})
})
});
map.addLayer(twilightLayer);
};