TensorFlow 学习（二） 制作自己的TFRecord数据集，读取，显示及代码详解
convert_to_records.py
"""Converts MNIST data to TFRecords file format with Example protos."""
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import os
import sys
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.contrib.learn.python.learn.datasets import mnist
FLAGS = None
def _int64_feature(value):
return tf.train.Feature(int64_list=tf.train.Int64List(value=[value]))
def _bytes_feature(value):
return tf.train.Feature(bytes_list=tf.train.BytesList(value=[value]))
def convert_to(data_set, name):
"""Converts a dataset to tfrecords."""
images = data_set.images
labels = data_set.labels
num_examples = data_set.num_examples
if images.shape[0] != num_examples:
raise ValueError('Images size %d does not match label size %d.' %
(images.shape[0], num_examples))
rows = images.shape[1]
cols = images.shape[2]
depth = images.shape[3]
filename = os.path.join(FLAGS.directory, name + '.tfrecords')
print('Writing', filename)
writer = tf.python_io.TFRecordWriter(filename)
for index in range(num_examples):
image_raw = images[index].tostring()
example = tf.train.Example(features=tf.train.Features(feature={
'height': _int64_feature(rows),
'width': _int64_feature(cols),
'depth': _int64_feature(depth),
'label': _int64_feature(int(labels[index])),
'image_raw': _bytes_feature(image_raw)}))
writer.write(example.SerializeToString())
writer.close()
def main(unused_argv):
# Get the data.
data_sets = mnist.read_data_sets(FLAGS.directory,
dtype=tf.uint8,
reshape=False,
validation_size=FLAGS.validation_size)
# Convert to Examples and write the result to TFRecords.
convert_to(data_sets.train, 'train')
convert_to(data_sets.validation, 'validation')
convert_to(data_sets.test, 'test')
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument(
'--directory',
type=str,
default='/tmp/data',
help='Directory to download data files and write the converted result'
)
parser.add_argument(
'--validation_size',
type=int,
default=5000,
help="""\
Number of examples to separate from the training data for the validation
set.\
"""
)
FLAGS, unparsed = parser.parse_known_args()
tf.app.run(main=main, argv=[sys.argv[0]] + unparsed)fully_connected_reader.py
#coding:utf-8
"""Train and Eval the MNIST network.
This version is like fully_connected_feed.py but uses data converted
to a TFRecords file containing tf.train.Example protocol buffers.
See:
https://www.tensorflow.org/programmers_guide/reading_data#reading_from_files
for context.
YOU MUST run convert_to_records before running this (but you only need to
run it once).
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function
import argparse
import os.path
import sys
import time
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import mnist
# Basic model parameters as external flags.
FLAGS = None
# Constants used for dealing with the files, matches convert_to_records.
TRAIN_FILE = 'train.tfrecords'
VALIDATION_FILE = 'validation.tfrecords'
def read_and_decode(filename_queue):
reader = tf.TFRecordReader()
_, serialized_example = reader.read(filename_queue)
features = tf.parse_single_example(
serialized_example,
# Defaults are not specified since both keys are required.
features={
'image_raw': tf.FixedLenFeature([], tf.string),
'label': tf.FixedLenFeature([], tf.int64),
})
# Convert from a scalar string tensor (whose single string has
# length mnist.IMAGE_PIXELS) to a uint8 tensor with shape
# [mnist.IMAGE_PIXELS].
image = tf.decode_raw(features['image_raw'], tf.uint8)
image.set_shape([mnist.IMAGE_PIXELS])
# OPTIONAL: Could reshape into a 28x28 image and apply distortions
# here. Since we are not applying any distortions in this
# example, and the next step expects the image to be flattened
# into a vector, we don't bother.
# Convert from [0, 255] -> [-0.5, 0.5] floats.
image = tf.cast(image, tf.float32) * (1. / 255) - 0.5
# Convert label from a scalar uint8 tensor to an int32 scalar.
label = tf.cast(features['label'], tf.int32)
return image, label
def inputs(train, batch_size, num_epochs):
"""Reads input data num_epochs times.
Args:
train: Selects between the training (True) and validation (False) data.
batch_size: Number of examples per returned batch.
num_epochs: Number of times to read the input data, or 0/None to
train forever.
Returns:
A tuple (images, labels), where:
* images is a float tensor with shape [batch_size, mnist.IMAGE_PIXELS]
in the range [-0.5, 0.5].
* labels is an int32 tensor with shape [batch_size] with the true label,
a number in the range [0, mnist.NUM_CLASSES).
Note that an tf.train.QueueRunner is added to the graph, which
must be run using e.g. tf.train.start_queue_runners().
"""
if not num_epochs: num_epochs = None
filename = os.path.join(FLAGS.train_dir,
TRAIN_FILE if train else VALIDATION_FILE)
with tf.name_scope('input'):
filename_queue = tf.train.string_input_producer(
[filename], num_epochs=num_epochs)
# Even when reading in multiple threads, share the filename
# queue.
image, label = read_and_decode(filename_queue)
# Shuffle the examples and collect them into batch_size batches.
# (Internally uses a RandomShuffleQueue.)
# We run this in two threads to avoid being a bottleneck.
images, sparse_labels = tf.train.shuffle_batch(
[image, label], batch_size=batch_size, num_threads=2,
capacity=1000 + 3 * batch_size,
# Ensures a minimum amount of shuffling of examples.
min_after_dequeue=1000)
return images, sparse_labels
def run_training():
"""Train MNIST for a number of steps."""
# Tell TensorFlow that the model will be built into the default Graph.
with tf.Graph().as_default():
# Input images and labels.
images, labels = inputs(train=True, batch_size=FLAGS.batch_size,
num_epochs=FLAGS.num_epochs)
# Build a Graph that computes predictions from the inference model.
logits = mnist.inference(images,
FLAGS.hidden1,
FLAGS.hidden2)
# Add to the Graph the loss calculation.
loss = mnist.loss(logits, labels)
# Add to the Graph operations that train the model.
train_op = mnist.training(loss, FLAGS.learning_rate)
# The op for initializing the variables.
init_op = tf.group(tf.global_variables_initializer(),
tf.local_variables_initializer())
# Create a session for running operations in the Graph.
sess = tf.Session()
# Initialize the variables (the trained variables and the
# epoch counter).
sess.run(init_op)
# Start input enqueue threads.
coord = tf.train.Coordinator()
threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(sess=sess, coord=coord)
try:
step = 0
while not coord.should_stop():
start_time = time.time()
# Run one step of the model. The return values are
# the activations from the `train_op` (which is
# discarded) and the `loss` op. To inspect the values
# of your ops or variables, you may include them in
# the list passed to sess.run() and the value tensors
# will be returned in the tuple from the call.
_, loss_value = sess.run([train_op, loss])
duration = time.time() - start_time
# Print an overview fairly often.
if step % 100 == 0:
print('Step %d: loss = %.2f (%.3f sec)' % (step, loss_value,
duration))
step += 1
except tf.errors.OutOfRangeError:
print('Done training for %d epochs, %d steps.' % (FLAGS.num_epochs, step))
finally:
# When done, ask the threads to stop.
coord.request_stop()
# Wait for threads to finish.
coord.join(threads)
sess.close()
def main(_):
run_training()
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument(
'--learning_rate',
type=float,
default=0.01,
help='Initial learning rate.'
)
parser.add_argument(
'--num_epochs',
type=int,
default=2,
help='Number of epochs to run trainer.'
)
parser.add_argument(
'--hidden1',
type=int,
default=128,
help='Number of units in hidden layer 1.'
)
parser.add_argument(
'--hidden2',
type=int,
default=32,
help='Number of units in hidden layer 2.'
)
parser.add_argument(
'--batch_size',
type=int,
default=100,
help='Batch size.'
)
parser.add_argument(
'--train_dir',
type=str,
default='/tmp/data',
help='Directory with the training data.'
)
FLAGS, unparsed = parser.parse_known_args()
tf.app.run(main=main, argv=[sys.argv[0]] + unparsed)
TensorFlow支持从csv文件和TFRecords文件读取数据，如果从二进制的TFRecords文件读取，可以采用QueueRunner和Coordinator的方式进行多线程读取，通过设置epoch参数控制训练数据文件迭代训练的次数，通过设置batch_size的大小来控制一次训练中从训练数据中取得的样本数量，还可以设置随机选取，有利于加快训练速度。
def read_and_decode(filename_queue):#从TFRecords中读取数据
reader = tf.TFRecordReader()
_, serialized_example = reader.read(filename_queue)
features = tf.parse_single_example(serialized_example,
features={
"label": tf.FixedLenFeature([], tf.float32),
"features": tf.FixedLenFeature([FEATURE_SIZE], tf.float32),
})
label = features["label"]
features = features["features"]
return label, features
filename_queue = tf.train.string_input_producer(tf.train.match_filenames_once(trainFile), num_epochs=epoch_number)
label, features = read_and_decode(filename_queue)
batch_labels, batch_features = tf.train.shuffle_batch([label, features], batch_size=batch_size, num_threads=thread_number, capacity=capacity, min_after_dequeue=min_after_dequeue)这里的trainFile可以是一个文件名的列表：
trainFile = ['./data/train_1.tfrecords','./data/train_2.tfrecords']
还可以是一个正则表达式：
trainFile = './data/*.tfrecords'
使用Coordinator来管理队列：
coord = tf.train.Coordinator()
threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(coord=coord, sess=sess)
try:
while not coord.should_stop():
_, loss_value, step = sess.run([train_op, loss, global_step])
saver.save(sess, "./checkpoint/checkpoint.ckpt",global_step=step)
except tf.errors.OutOfRangeError:
print("Done training after reading all data")
finally:
coord.request_stop()这里经常会碰到的一个问题是在没有训练之前队列就关闭了，类似“get ‘OutOfRange’, the queue will be closed”的问题，这是因为epoch设置过小，在开始训练前就把数据读完退出了，可以把epoch设置的大一些，如果设置成Nnoe，程序会无限制地一直跑下去，当然你可以在结果足够好的时候手动中断程序的运行。这里就是我的问题啦，有没有什么好的方法来设置epoch参数？
Notes on tensorflow（七）将数据集转换为TFRecord
Notes on tensorflow（八）read tfrecords with slim
Tensorflow之构建自己的图片数据集TFrecords
学习TensorFlow，生成tensorflow输入输出的图像格式
https://github.com/kevin28520/My-TensorFlow-tutorials/tree/master/03%20TFRecord
https://github.com/markdtw/tensorflow-queue-example
https://github.com/ppplinday/TFrecord-Lenet-Vgg19-tensorflow
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