封装 Encapsulation

Encapsulation of functionality

Each object does its own job, and presents to the rest of the world — to other objects, and indeed in a sense to the programmer — an opaque wall whose only entrances are the methods to which it promises to respond and the actions it promises to perform when the corresponding messages are sent to it. The details of how, behind the scenes, it actually implements those actions are secreted within itself; no other object needs to know them. 

功能的封装

每个对象都各司其职, 从外界(其他对象, 甚至是我们程序员)看来, 它像是被一层围墙所包裹着, 只向外界提供指定的入口: 那些它能够执行的操作和能够作出回应的方法. 除此之外, 它如何执行操作和如何作出回应的过程则不为外界所知, 而且外界对此也毋须知晓.