Avro文件序列化与反序列化学习

前提：新建maven工程
1、src/main下面新建avro文件夹
项目目录如下图：

2、pom.xml添加依赖包和编译插件
编译包配置：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
  <artifactId>avro</artifactId>
  <version>1.8.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
  <artifactId>avro-tools</artifactId>
  <version>1.8.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
  <artifactId>avro-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  <version>1.8.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
  <artifactId>avro-compiler</artifactId>
  <version>1.8.2</version>
</dependency>
 </dependencies>

插件的配置：

<build>
<pluginManagement>
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId>
          <artifactId>avro-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>1.8.2</version>
          <executions>
            <execution>
              <phase>generate-sources</phase>
              <goals>
                <goal>schema</goal>
              </goals>
              <configuration>
                <sourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/avro/</sourceDirectory>
                <outputDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/java/</outputDirectory>
              </configuration>
            </execution>
          </executions>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <configuration>
            <source>1.8</source>
            <target>1.8</target>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
 </pluginManagement>     
</build>

ps：这里的<execution>标签会报错，添<pluginManagement>标签就好了
3、定义schema
使用JSON为Avro定义schema。schema由基本类型（null,boolean, int, long, float, double, bytes 和string）和复杂类型（record, enum, array, map, union, 和fixed）组成
在src/main/avro文件夹下新建AvPAO.avsc文件，内容如下：
{“type”:“record”,“name”:“AvPAO”,“namespace”:“avro.avro”,“fields”:[{“name”:“flag”,“type”:“int”},{“name”:“dateTime”,“type”:“string”},{“name”:“rowkey”,“type”:“string”},{“name”:“org”,“type”:“string”},{“name”:“tvl”,“type”:“string”},{“name”:“response”,“type”:“string”}]}

namespace —— 生成的java文件的包
type —— record
name —— 生成类的名字
fields —— 字段名和类型
4、生成AvPAO.java类
使用指令java -jar avro-tools-1.8.2.jar compile schema AvPAO.avsc java即可在当前目录生成java文件夹
Ps:使用eclipse一直没生成成功，手动生成了AvPAO.java类然后拷贝到avro.avro包下
5、avro文件反序列化，代码如下：

package avro.avro;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.avro.file.DataFileReader;
import org.apache.avro.file.DataFileWriter;
import org.apache.avro.io.DatumReader;
import org.apache.avro.io.DatumWriter;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumWriter;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestAvPAO {
	@Test
    public void testCreateUserClass() throws IOException {

       // Deserialize Users from disk
        DatumReader<AvPAO> userDatumReader = new SpecificDatumReader<AvPAO>(AvPAO.class);
        DataFileReader<AvPAO> dataFileReader = new DataFileReader<AvPAO>(new File("C:/Users/duyi/Desktop/avro91474834.avro"), userDatumReader);
        AvPAO av = null;
        while (dataFileReader.hasNext()) {
            // Reuse user object by passing it to next(). This saves us from
            // allocating and garbage collecting many objects for files with
            // many items.
            av = dataFileReader.next(av);
            System.out.println(av);
        }
    }
}

运行结果如下：

6、avro文件序列化，代码如下：

package avro.avro;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.avro.file.DataFileReader;
import org.apache.avro.file.DataFileWriter;
import org.apache.avro.io.DatumReader;
import org.apache.avro.io.DatumWriter;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumReader;
import org.apache.avro.specific.SpecificDatumWriter;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TestAvPAO {
	@Test
    public void testCreateUserClass() throws IOException {
        AvPAO pao = new AvPAO();
        pao.setDateTime("324234");
        pao.setFlag(1);
        pao.setOrg("23423");
        pao.setResponse("234324");
        pao.setRowkey("23423");
        pao.setTvl("234234");

        // Serialize user1, user2 and user3 to disk
        DatumWriter<AvPAO> userDatumWriter = new SpecificDatumWriter<AvPAO>(AvPAO.class);
        DataFileWriter<AvPAO> dataFileWriter = new DataFileWriter<AvPAO>(userDatumWriter);
        dataFileWriter.create(pao.getSchema(), new File("AvPAO.avro"));
        dataFileWriter.append(pao);

        dataFileWriter.close();

        // Deserialize Users from disk
        DatumReader<AvPAO> userDatumReader = new SpecificDatumReader<AvPAO>(AvPAO.class);
        DataFileReader<AvPAO> dataFileReader = new DataFileReader<AvPAO>(new File("AvPAO.avro"), userDatumReader);
        AvPAO user = null;
        while (dataFileReader.hasNext()) {
            // Reuse user object by passing it to next(). This saves us from
            // allocating and garbage collecting many objects for files with
            // many items.
            user = dataFileReader.next(user);
            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}

运行结果如下图：

总结：还行吧，不是很难。