def decision():
"""
决策树对泰坦尼克号进行预测生死
:return: None
"""
# 获取数据
titan = pd.read_csv("http://biostat.mc.vanderbilt.edu/wiki/pub/Main/DataSets/titanic.txt")
# 处理数据,找出特征值和目标值
x = titan[['pclass', 'age', 'sex']]
y = titan['survived']
print(x)
# 缺失值处理
x['age'].fillna(x['age'].mean(), inplace=True)
# 分割数据集到训练集合测试集
x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(x, y, test_size=0.25)
# 进行处理(特征工程)特征-》类别-》one_hot编码
dict = DictVectorizer(sparse=False)
x_train = dict.fit_transform(x_train.to_dict(orient="records"))
print(dict.get_feature_names())
x_test = dict.transform(x_test.to_dict(orient="records"))
# print(x_train)
# 用决策树进行预测
# dec = DecisionTreeClassifier()
#
# dec.fit(x_train, y_train)
#
# # 预测准确率
# print("预测的准确率:", dec.score(x_test, y_test))
#
# # 导出决策树的结构
# export_graphviz(dec, out_file="./tree.dot", feature_names=['年龄', 'pclass=1st', 'pclass=2nd', 'pclass=3rd', '女性', '男性'])
# 随机森林进行预测 (超参数调优)
rf = RandomForestClassifier()
param = {"n_estimators": [120, 200, 300, 500, 800, 1200], "max_depth": [5, 8, 15, 25, 30]}
# 网格搜索与交叉验证
gc = GridSearchCV(rf, param_grid=param, cv=2)
gc.fit(x_train, y_train)
print("准确率:", gc.score(x_test, y_test))
print("查看选择的参数模型:", gc.best_params_)
return None