《HarmonyOS实战-实时天气卡片》

【本文正在参与“有奖征文 | HarmonyOS征文大赛”活动】

活动链接：https://marketing.csdn.net/p/ad3879b53f4b8b31db27382b5fc65bbc

目录

一、创建卡片服务

二、卡片数据填充

三、更新数据

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本文主要阐述的内容有：

1、原子化卡片的创建

2、卡片的数据填充

3、数据更新

首先，先看下效果图：

HarmonyOS实时天气卡片

一、创建卡片服务

创建卡片之前先新建一个项目，这个就不在累赘的介绍了。点这里

右键entry新建选择service widget，如下图：

 next，下图：

 Finish完成，生成的项目目录如下红色表示在原有基础上新增的文件

这样我们的卡片服务就创建完成了。

二、卡片数据填充

找到MainAbiliity，里面新增了一写方法，onCreateForm为卡片创建的方法，onUpdateForm为卡片更新的方法，onDeleteForm为卡片删除的方法。

我们的config.json中新增了卡片的标签具体含义请查看：卡片服务

在onCreateFrorm中需要根据intent传递的参数获取对应的布局，比如1*2、2*2的布局，并为其设置数据。

流程如下图：

MainAbility代码如下：

public class MainAbility extends Ability {
    public static final int DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2 = 2;
    public static final int DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X4 = 3;
    private static final int INVALID_FORM_ID = -1;
    private static final HiLogLabel TAG = new HiLogLabel(HiLog.DEBUG, 0x0, MainAbility.class.getName());
    private String topWidgetSlice;
    private long formId;
    private ProviderFormInfo formInfo;
    private DatabaseHelper helper = new DatabaseHelper(this);
    private OrmContext connect;
    private static final String EMPTY_STRING = "";
    private OrmContext weatherConnect;
    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        super.setMainRoute(MainAbilitySlice.class.getName());
        connect = helper.getOrmContext("Database", "CardDatabase.db", CardDatabase.class);
      
        weatherConnect=helper.getOrmContext("weather","WeatherDatabase.db", WeatherDataBase.class);

    }


    @Override
    protected ProviderFormInfo onCreateForm(Intent intent) {


       if (intent == null) {
            return new ProviderFormInfo();
        }
        HiLog.info(TAG, "onCreateForm");
        // 获取卡片id
        formId = INVALID_FORM_ID;
        if (intent.hasParameter(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY)) {
            formId = intent.getLongParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY, INVALID_FORM_ID);
        } else {
            return new ProviderFormInfo();
        }
        // 获取卡片名称
        String formName = EMPTY_STRING;
        if (intent.hasParameter(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_NAME_KEY)) {
            formName = intent.getStringParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_NAME_KEY);
        }
        // 获取卡片规格
        int dimension = DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2;
        if (intent.hasParameter(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_DIMENSION_KEY)) {
            dimension = intent.getIntParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_DIMENSION_KEY, DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2);
        }
        int layoutId = ResourceTable.Layout_form_image_with_information_widget_2_2;
        HiLog.info(TAG, "dimension:" + dimension);
        if (dimension == DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X4) {
            layoutId = ResourceTable.Layout_form_image_with_information_widget_2_4;
        }
        formInfo = new ProviderFormInfo(layoutId, this);
        // 存储卡片信息
        Card form = new Card(formId, formName, dimension);
        if (weatherConnect==null){
            weatherConnect=helper.getOrmContext("weather","WeatherDatabase.db", WeatherDataBase.class);
        }
        ComponentProvider componentProvider = ComponentProviderUtils.getComponentProvider(form, weatherConnect,getApplicationContext());

       //componentProvider.setIntentAgent()
        formInfo.mergeActions(componentProvider);
        if (connect == null) {
            connect =
                    helper.getOrmContext("Database", "CardDatabase.db", CardDatabase.class);
        }
        try {
            DatabaseUtils.insertForm(form, connect);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            DatabaseUtils.deleteFormData(form.getFormId(), connect);
        }
        return formInfo;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDeleteForm(long formId) {
        super.onDeleteForm(formId);
        // 删除数据库中的卡片信息
        DatabaseUtils.deleteFormData(formId, connect);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onUpdateForm(long formId) {
        super.onUpdateForm(formId);
    }

  
}

因大部分卡片提供方都不是常驻服务，只有在需要使用时才会被拉起获取卡片信息。且卡片管理服务支持对卡片进行多实例管理，卡片ID对应实例ID，因此若卡片提供方支持对卡片数据进行配置，则需要提供方对卡片的业务数据按照卡片ID进行持久化管理，以便在后续获取、更新以及拉起时能获取到正确的卡片业务数据。

三、更新数据

在MainAbilitySlice中我选用了RadioContainer内含两个RadioButton实现单选，根据选择的城市获取对应城市的实时温度。获取到数据之后，根据数据库存储的卡片信息遍历更新所有卡片。

MainAbilitySlice代码如下：

public class MainAbilitySlice extends AbilitySlice {
    private static final HiLogLabel LABEL = new HiLogLabel(HiLog.LOG_APP, 0x00202, "MainAbilitySlice");

    private RadioContainer mRadioContainer;
    private OrmContext connect, weatherConnect;
    private RadioButton mXiAn, mShangHai;
    private Text mWeatherText;
    private DatabaseHelper helper = new DatabaseHelper(this);
    private NetWorkUtils netWorkUtils;

    @Override
    public void onStart(Intent intent) {
        super.onStart(intent);
        super.setUIContent(ResourceTable.Layout_ability_main);
        mRadioContainer = (RadioContainer) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_radio_container);
        mXiAn = (RadioButton) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_xi_an);
        mShangHai = (RadioButton) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_shang_hai);
        mWeatherText = (Text) findComponentById(ResourceTable.Id_weather_text);
        connect = helper.getOrmContext("Database", "CardDatabase.db", CardDatabase.class);
        weatherConnect = helper.getOrmContext("weather", "WeatherDatabase.db", WeatherDataBase.class);
        netWorkUtils = NetWorkUtils.getInstance(getContext());
        mRadioContainer.setMarkChangedListener(new RadioContainer.CheckedStateChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onCheckedChanged(RadioContainer radioContainer, int i) {
                HiLog.error(LABEL, "onCheckedChanged->I:%{public}s", i);
                switch (i) {
                    case 0:
                        PreferencesUtils.getInstance(getApplicationContext()).putInt("City", 0);
                        getWeather(0);
                        break;
                    case 1:
                        PreferencesUtils.getInstance(getApplicationContext()).putInt("City", 1);
                        getWeather(1);
                        break;
                }
            }
        });
        init();
       
    }


    private void upDataFrom() {
        OrmPredicates ormPredicates = new OrmPredicates(Card.class);
        List<Card> formList = connect.query(ormPredicates);
        // 更新时分秒
        if (formList.size() <= 0) {
            return;
        }
        for (Card form : formList) {
            // 遍历卡片列表更新卡片
            ComponentProvider componentProvider = ComponentProviderUtils.getComponentProvider(form, weatherConnect, getApplicationContext());
            try {
                Long updateFormId = form.getFormId();
                getAbility().updateForm(updateFormId, componentProvider);
            } catch (FormException e) {
                // 删除不存在的卡片
                DatabaseUtils.deleteFormData(form.getFormId(), connect);
                HiLog.error(LABEL, "onUpdateForm updateForm error");
            }
        }
    }




    public void init() {
        int city = PreferencesUtils.getInstance(getApplicationContext()).getInt("City", 0);
        if (city == 0) {
            mXiAn.setChecked(true);
        } else {
            mShangHai.setChecked(true);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onActive() {
        super.onActive();
    }

    @Override
    public void onForeground(Intent intent) {
        super.onForeground(intent);
    }


    private void getWeather(int  city) {
        String cityName;
        String url;
        if (city == 0) {
            url = Contents.ADDRESS_URL + "西安";
            cityName = "西安";
        } else {
            cityName = "上海";
            url = Contents.ADDRESS_URL + "上海";
        }
        HiLog.error(LABEL, "startTimer->url:%{public}s", url);
        netWorkUtils.getWeather(url);
        netWorkUtils.setNetWorkListener(new NetWorkListener() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(String result) {
                Weather weather = new Weather(cityName, result);
                DatabaseUtils.insertWeather(weather, weatherConnect);
                upDataFrom();
            }

            @Override
            public void onFail(String msg) {

            }
        });
    }


}

 也有很多是卡片是需要实时刷新或者隔几秒刷新一次，那么我们就是使用seviceAbility写定时任务，将获取数据部分放入的service中。