[C++]C++Pointers to classes 类指针 new 与object的对比

Code

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class C {
    int one, two;
    public:
        C(int x, int y) : one(x), two(y) {}
        int sum(void) { return one + two; }
};


int main()
{
    int a = 1, b = 2;   
    int *pa = &a;
    int *pb = &b;   
    cout << "simple int pointer : ";
    cout << "a + b = " << (*pa + *pb) << endl;  

    C c(3,4);
    cout << "[C c ] is same as [int a ] [Type t] : ";
    cout << "c.sum() = " << c.sum() << endl;

    C *pc;
    pc = &c;
    cout << "pc->sum() equals to (*pc).sum() : " << endl;
    cout << "pc->sum() = " << pc->sum() << endl;
    cout << "(*pc).sum() = " << (*pc).sum() << endl;

    C *pc_n;
    pc_n = new C (5,6);

    cout << "pc_n = new C( 5, 6) : " << endl;
    cout << "pc_n->sum() = " << pc_n->sum() << endl;



    pc = nullptr;
    delete pc;
    delete pc_n;

    return 0;   

}

Run

simple int pointer : a + b = 3

[C c ] is same as [int a ] [Type t] : c.sum() = 7

pc->sum() equals to (*pc).sum() :
pc->sum() = 7
(*pc).sum() = 7

pc_n = new C( 5, 6) :
pc_n->sum() = 11

Note

构造函数

C(int x, int y) : one(x), two(y) {}

• class C的构造函数，接受两个整型的参量

对象创建

C c(3,4);

• 创建一个class C的对象c,接受整数3以及整数4作为构造函数的参数

方法调用

cout << "c.sum() = " << c.sum() << endl;

Screen Output ： c.sum() = 7

• 很自然地就可以使用c.sum() 调用类中的函数

类指针

C *pc;
pc = &c; // C c(3,4);

• 创建一个类的指针 取名为pc 本质就是Type *t，Class 也是一种Type，那么自然可以对c进行取出地址的操作 &，并将其值赋予pc

    cout << "pc->sum() = " << pc->sum() << endl;
    cout << "(*pc).sum() = " << (*pc).sum() << endl;

Screen Output：
    pc->sum() = 7
    (*pc).sum() = 7

• pc->sum() 以及 (*pc).sum() 是两种等价的写法

new的用法

C *pc_n;
pc_n = new C (5,6);

• pc_n仍旧是一个类指针，但是被赋值为 new C (5,6)

Java vs C++

// java code
C c = new C(5,6);
// java code


// C++ code
C c(5,6);

or
C *pc;
pc = new C(5,6);

or
C *pc;
C c;
pc = &c;
// C++ code

• java和C++的写法做一下区分记忆

Reference

[1] classes/Pointers to classes
http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/classes/
[2] Comparison of Java and C++
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Java_and_C%2B%2B