ElasticSearch安装和使用

1.安装

（1）必须：在/etc/yum.repos.d/中，创建文件elasticsearch.repo
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo

[elasticsearch]
name=Elasticsearch repository for 8.x packages
baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/8.x/yum
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=0
autorefresh=1
type=rpm-md

（2）必须：然后用如下命令来安装（注意记录生成的password)
yum install --enablerepo=elasticsearch elasticsearch
（3）可选：安装后，修改配置文件
vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml

2. 启动和关闭

• 前台启动:

cd /usr/share/elasticsearch/
./bin/elasticsearch

• 后台启动:

./bin/elasticsearch -d

• 查看是否启动成功

curl --user elastic:some_password 127.0.0.1:9200

• 查看端口是否启动

lsof -i:9200

3. 安装分词插件

• 查看有哪些插件

bin/elasticsearch-plugin list

• 在线安装分词插件analysis-icu

bin/elasticsearch-plugin install analysis-icu

• 安装中文分词插件ik

从https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases下载对应版本的ik插件
创建ik插件文件夹 cd your-es-root/plugins/ && mkdir ik
解压 your-es-root/plugins/ik

可在git查看版本，因为elasticsearch是最新版 8.5.3，但是ik目前最新版是8.5.2，参考教程，找到ik分词器的plugin-descriptor.properties中的elasticsearch.version, 改成自己es版本的版本号

4. python操作ElasticSearch

4.1 创建索引

• 安装：pip install elasticsearch

from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
es = Elasticsearch("http://localhost:9200", basic_auth=("elastic", SOME_PASSWORD))
print(es.info())

# 参看现有索引
print(es.cat.indices().raw) 

# 为了给索引设置一些属性
# 这里mappings, settings是dict，包含属性字段，详情可见https://blog.csdn.net/YiLiuF/article/details/123310248
mappings = {
    'properties': {
        "author": {
            "type": "text",
            "store": True
        },
        "text": {
            "type": "text",
            "store": True,
            "index": True,
            "analyzer": "ik_smart"
        },
    }
}
settings = {
    "index": {
        "number_of_shards": "5",
        "number_of_replicas": "1"
    }
}
es.indices.create(index='test_index', mappings=mappings, settings=settings)

# 参考https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/python-api/8.5/examples.html
doc = {
    'author': 'author_name',
    'text': 'Interensting content...',
}
resp = es.index(index="test-index", id=1, document=doc)

# 查看索引的文档数量
print(es.indices.stats(index="test-index"))

4.2 查询索引

# 分词效果查看
es.indices.analyze(analyzer='ik_smart',text='我爱你水杯')

附：遇到的报错修改

1) insufficient memory for the Java

修改elastcisearch配置文件夹的jvm.options，详见参考
vim /etc/elasticsearch/jvm.options

-Xms1g
-Xmx1g

2) can not run elasticsearch as root

创建用户，用这个用户来运行：chown -R username:username some_folder
详情见参考

3）received plaintext http traffic on an https channel, closing connection Netty4HttpChannel

elasticsearch.yml 文件中把 xpack.security.http.ssl:enabled 设置成false即可，可见参考

参考

• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/8.5/rpm.html#rpm-repo
• https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/python-api/8.5/config.html
• https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1746831225183250864&wfr=spider&for=pc
• https://blog.csdn.net/YiLiuF/article/details/123310248
• https://blog.csdn.net/xionglangs/article/details/123789875