1、数组
数组可以存放多个数据,可以通过序号访问数组中的元素。数组只能存放一种类型的元素。数组初始化长度就固定下来了,所以数组的长度不可以改变。
2、数组的初始化
数组的初始化就是为数组元素分配内存空间,并为每个数组元素赋值。
(1)静态初始化:初始化时由程序员显式的指定每个数组元素的值,有系统决定数组的长度。
(2)动态初始化:初始化时程序员只指定数组的长度,有系统为数组分配初始值。
系统分配默认初始值规则如下:
整数类型(byte、short、int和long),则数组元素的值是0;
浮点类型(float、double),则数组元素的值是0.0;
字符类型(char),则数组元素的值是'\u0000';
布尔类型(boolean),数组元素的值是false;
引用类型(类、接口、数组),则数组元素的值是null.
3、数组的访问
数组的访问可以使用for循环或者foreach,其中foreach时不要改变数组的值,否则遍历的值不正确。
package ArrayLearning;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class ArrayLearning {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int[] array = {1,2,3,4,5};
System.out.println(array[2]);
//遍历数据
for(int i=0;i<array.length;i++)
{
System.out.println("array["+i+"]="+array[i]);
}
//使用foreach
for(int temp:array)
{
System.out.print(temp+",");
}
int[] array2= new int [5];
System.out.println(array2[2]);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(array));
}
}
4、数组工具类Arrays
修饰符与类型 | 方法与描述 |
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static <T> List<T> | asList(T... a)
Returns a fixed-size list backed by the specified array.
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static int | binarySearch(byte[] a, byte key)
Searches the specified array of bytes for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(byte[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, byte key)
Searches a range of the specified array of bytes for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(char[] a, char key)
Searches the specified array of chars for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(char[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, char key)
Searches a range of the specified array of chars for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(double[] a, double key)
Searches the specified array of doubles for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(double[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, double key)
Searches a range of the specified array of doubles for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(float[] a, float key)
Searches the specified array of floats for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(float[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, float key)
Searches a range of the specified array of floats for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(int[] a, int key)
Searches the specified array of ints for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int key)
Searches a range of the specified array of ints for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(long[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, long key)
Searches a range of the specified array of longs for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(long[] a, long key)
Searches the specified array of longs for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(Object[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, Object key)
Searches a range of the specified array for the specified object using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(Object[] a, Object key)
Searches the specified array for the specified object using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(short[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, short key)
Searches a range of the specified array of shorts for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static int | binarySearch(short[] a, short key)
Searches the specified array of shorts for the specified value using the binary search algorithm.
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static <T> int | binarySearch(T[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, T key, Comparator<? super T> c)
Searches a range of the specified array for the specified object using the binary search algorithm.
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static <T> int | binarySearch(T[] a, T key, Comparator<? super T> c)
Searches the specified array for the specified object using the binary search algorithm.
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static boolean[] | copyOf(boolean[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with
false (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static byte[] | copyOf(byte[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with zeros (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static char[] | copyOf(char[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with null characters (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static double[] | copyOf(double[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with zeros (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static float[] | copyOf(float[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with zeros (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static int[] | copyOf(int[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with zeros (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static long[] | copyOf(long[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with zeros (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static short[] | copyOf(short[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with zeros (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static <T> T[] | copyOf(T[] original, int newLength)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with nulls (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static <T,U> T[] | copyOf(U[] original, int newLength, 类<? extends T[]> newType)
Copies the specified array, truncating or padding with nulls (if necessary) so the copy has the specified length.
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static boolean[] | copyOfRange(boolean[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static byte[] | copyOfRange(byte[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static char[] | copyOfRange(char[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static double[] | copyOfRange(double[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static float[] | copyOfRange(float[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static int[] | copyOfRange(int[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static long[] | copyOfRange(long[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static short[] | copyOfRange(short[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static <T> T[] | copyOfRange(T[] original, int from, int to)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static <T,U> T[] | copyOfRange(U[] original, int from, int to, 类<? extends T[]> newType)
Copies the specified range of the specified array into a new array.
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static boolean | deepEquals(Object[] a1, Object[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays are
deeply equal to one another.
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static int | deepHashCode(Object[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the "deep contents" of the specified array.
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static String | deepToString(Object[] a)
Returns a string representation of the "deep contents" of the specified array.
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static boolean | equals(boolean[] a, boolean[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of booleans are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(byte[] a, byte[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of bytes are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(char[] a, char[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of chars are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(double[] a, double[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of doubles are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(float[] a, float[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of floats are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(int[] a, int[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of ints are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(long[] a, long[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of longs are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(Object[] a, Object[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of Objects are
equal to one another.
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static boolean | equals(short[] a, short[] a2)
Returns
true if the two specified arrays of shorts are
equal to one another.
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static void | fill(boolean[] a, boolean val)
Assigns the specified boolean value to each element of the specified array of booleans.
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static void | fill(boolean[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, boolean val)
Assigns the specified boolean value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of booleans.
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static void | fill(byte[] a, byte val)
Assigns the specified byte value to each element of the specified array of bytes.
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static void | fill(byte[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, byte val)
Assigns the specified byte value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of bytes.
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static void | fill(char[] a, char val)
Assigns the specified char value to each element of the specified array of chars.
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static void | fill(char[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, char val)
Assigns the specified char value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of chars.
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static void | fill(double[] a, double val)
Assigns the specified double value to each element of the specified array of doubles.
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static void | fill(double[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, double val)
Assigns the specified double value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of doubles.
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static void | fill(float[] a, float val)
Assigns the specified float value to each element of the specified array of floats.
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static void | fill(float[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, float val)
Assigns the specified float value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of floats.
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static void | fill(int[] a, int val)
Assigns the specified int value to each element of the specified array of ints.
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static void | fill(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, int val)
Assigns the specified int value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of ints.
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static void | fill(long[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, long val)
Assigns the specified long value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of longs.
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static void | fill(long[] a, long val)
Assigns the specified long value to each element of the specified array of longs.
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static void | fill(Object[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, Object val)
Assigns the specified Object reference to each element of the specified range of the specified array of Objects.
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static void | fill(Object[] a, Object val)
Assigns the specified Object reference to each element of the specified array of Objects.
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static void | fill(short[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, short val)
Assigns the specified short value to each element of the specified range of the specified array of shorts.
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static void | fill(short[] a, short val)
Assigns the specified short value to each element of the specified array of shorts.
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static int | hashCode(boolean[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(byte[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(char[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(double[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(float[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(int[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(long[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(Object[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static int | hashCode(short[] a)
Returns a hash code based on the contents of the specified array.
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static void | sort(byte[] a)
Sorts the specified array into ascending numerical order.
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static void | sort(byte[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.
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static void | sort(char[] a)
Sorts the specified array into ascending numerical order.
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static void | sort(char[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.
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static void | sort(double[] a)
Sorts the specified array into ascending numerical order.
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static void | sort(double[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.
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static void | sort(float[] a)
Sorts the specified array into ascending numerical order.
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static void | sort(float[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.
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static void | sort(int[] a)
Sorts the specified array into ascending numerical order.
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static void | sort(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.
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static void | sort(long[] a)
Sorts the specified array into ascending numerical order.
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static void | sort(long[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.
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static void | sort(Object[] a)
Sorts the specified array of objects into ascending order, according to the
natural ordering of its elements.
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static void | sort(Object[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the specified array of objects into ascending order, according to the
natural ordering of its elements.
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static void | sort(short[] a)
Sorts the specified array into ascending numerical order.
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static void | sort(short[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex)
Sorts the specified range of the array into ascending order.
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static <T> void | sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c)
Sorts the specified array of objects according to the order induced by the specified comparator.
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static <T> void | sort(T[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex, Comparator<? super T> c)
Sorts the specified range of the specified array of objects according to the order induced by the specified comparator.
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static String | toString(boolean[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(byte[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(char[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(double[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(float[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(int[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(long[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(Object[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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static String | toString(short[] a)
Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
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