《UNIX/LINUX编程实践教程》实例注释chapt2 - who2

#include <stdio.h>
#include <utmp.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>

#define SHOWHOST

void showtime(long);
void show_info( struct utmp *);

int main()
{
    struct utmp current_record;
    int    utmpfd;
    int    reclen = sizeof(current_record);

    if( (utmpfd = open(UTMP_FILE, O_RDONLY)) == -1 )  // /usr/include/paths.h:#define _PATH_UTMP "/var/run/utmp"    utmp文件路径
    {
        perror( UTMP_FILE ); //无法打开输出错误
        exit(1);
    }

    while( read(utmpfd, ¤t_record, reclen) == reclen )   //读取utmp文件中的 所有utmp结构体到current_record
        show_info(¤t_record);  //打印who信息
    close(utmpfd);

    return 0;
}

void show_info( struct utmp *utbufp)
{
    if( utbufp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS )    //过滤不是登录用户的信息 USER_PROCESS=7
        return;
    printf("% -8.8s", utbufp->ut_name);
    printf(" ");
    printf("% -8.8s", utbufp->ut_line);
    printf(" ");
    showtime( utbufp->ut_time );
    printf(" ");
#ifdef SHOWHOST
    printf("(% s)", utbufp->ut_host);
#endif

    printf("\n");
}

void showtime( long timeval )
{
    char *cp;
    cp = ctime(&timeval);
    printf("%12.12s", cp+4);     //从第4个字符开始，输出12个字符
}