C# SerialPort 串口通信

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;
namespace SerialComMaster
{
    public partial class MainFrm : Form
    {
        SerialPort sp = null;
        bool isOpen = false;
        bool isSetProperty = false;
        public MainFrm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void MainFrm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.MaximumSize = this.Size;

            this.MinimumSize = this.Size;
            this.MaximizeBox = false;
            for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
            {
                cbxCOMPort.Items.Add("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
            }
            cbxCOMPort.SelectedIndex = 0;
            //列出常用的波特率
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("300");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("600");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("1200");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("2400");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("4800");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("9600");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("19200");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("38400");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("43000");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("56000");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("57600");
            cbxBaudRate.Items.Add("115200");
            cbxBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 5;
            //列出停止位
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("0");
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("1");
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("1.5");
            cbxStopBits.Items.Add("2");
            cbxStopBits.SelectedIndex = 1;
            //列出数据位
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("8");
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("7");
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("6");
            cbxDataBits.Items.Add("5");
            cbxDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
            //列出奇偶校验位
            cbxParity.Items.Add("无");
            cbxParity.Items.Add("奇校验");

            cbxParity.Items.Add("偶校验");
            cbxParity.SelectedIndex = 0;
        }
        private void btnCheckCOM_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {//检测哪些串口可用
            cbxCOMPort.Items.Clear();
            for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
            {
                try
                {
                    SerialPort sp = new SerialPort("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
                    sp.Open();
                    sp.Close();
                    cbxCOMPort.Items.Add("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    lblStatus.Text = "COM" + (i + 1).ToString() + "不可用";
                    continue;
                }
            }
        }
        private bool CheckPortSetting()
        {//检查串口是否设置
            if (cbxCOMPort.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxBaudRate.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxDataBits.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxParity.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cbxStopBits.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            return true;
        }
        private bool CheckSendData()
        {

            if (tbxSendData.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            return true;
        }
        private void SetPortProperty()
        {//设置串口的属性
            sp = new SerialPort();
            sp.PortName = cbxCOMPort.Text.Trim();//设置串口名
            //设置串口的波特率
            sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cbxBaudRate.Text.Trim());
            //设置停止位
            float f = Convert.ToSingle(cbxStopBits.Text.Trim());
            if (f == 0)
            {
                sp.StopBits = StopBits.None;
            }
            else if (f == 1.5)
            {
                sp.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
            }
            else if (f == 1)
            {
                sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;
            }
            else if (f == 2)
            {
                sp.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
            }
            else
            {
                sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;
            }
            //设置数据位
            sp.DataBits = Convert.ToInt16(cbxDataBits.Text.Trim());
            //设置奇偶校验位
            string s = cbxParity.Text.Trim();
            if (s.CompareTo("无") == 0)
            {
                sp.Parity = Parity.None;
            }
            else if (s.CompareTo("奇校验") == 0)
            {
                sp.Parity = Parity.Odd;
            }
            else if (s.CompareTo("偶校验") == 0)
            {
                sp.Parity = Parity.Even;
            }
            else
            {
                sp.Parity = Parity.None;
            }
            //设置超时读取时间
            sp.ReadTimeout = -1;
            //打开串口
            try
            {
                sp.Open();
                isOpen = true;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                lblStatus.Text = "打开串口时发生错误";
            }
        }
        private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {//发送串口数据
            if (!CheckPortSetting())
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口未设置！", "错误提示");
                return;
            }

            if (!CheckSendData())
            {
                MessageBox.Show("请输入要发送的数据！", "错误提示");
                return;
            }
            if (!isSetProperty)
            {
                SetPortProperty();
                isSetProperty = true;
            }
            if (isOpen)
            {//写串口数据
                try
                {
                    sp.WriteLine(tbxSendData.Text);
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    lblStatus.Text = "发送数据时发生错误！";
                    return;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口未打开！", "错误提示");
                return;
            }
            tbxSendData.Text = "";
        }
        private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            sp.Close();
            this.Close();

        }
        private void btnRecvData_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (isOpen)
            {
                try
                {//读取串口数据
                    tbxRecvData.Text += sp.ReadLine();
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    lblStatus.Text = "读取串口时发生错误！";
                    return;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口未打开！", "错误提示");
                return;
            }
        }
    }
}