在C和C++中不能返回一个局部变量,因为函数中的局部变量分配的存储空间在栈上,当函数执行完后会被重新利用,所以想要返回数组类型,有两种方式:1)静态变量(static in a function可以在函数调用之间保持值有效),2)利用malloc动态分配,但是最终要记得释放。下面是几个简单测试程序:
1.错误的示例:
#include <stdio.h>
int *func(int n){
int x = n *n;
int a[] = {1,3,4,5,7};
a[0] = x;
return a;
}
void func2(){
int a = 1;
int b = 78;
printf("%d vonzhou jjjj.\n",a);
}
int main(){
int n = 3;
int *a = func(3);
//func2(2);
printf("%d\n", a[0]);
return 0;
}
2.返回指向堆上的指针:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int *func(int n){
int x = n *n;
int *a = (int *)malloc(5 * sizeof(int));
a[0] = x;
return a;
}
void func2(){
int a = 1;
int b = 78;
printf("%d vonzhou jjjj.\n",a);
}
int main(){
int n = 3;
int *a = func(3);
func(2);
printf("%d\n", a[0]);
free(a);
return 0;
}
3.利用静态变量:
#include <stdio.h>
int *func(int n){
int x = n *n;
static int a[] = {1,3,4,5,7};
a[0] = x;
return a;
}
void func2(){
int a = 1;
int b = 78;
printf("%d vonzhou jjjj.\n",a);
}
int main(){
int n = 3;
int *a = func(3);
func2(2);
printf("%d\n", a[0]);
return 0;
}
4.Java中可以返回数组类型:
public
class
TestArray {
public
static
int
[] func(
int
n) {
int
[] arr = { 1, 3, 5, 6 };
return
arr;
}
public
static
void
func2(
int
n) {
int
a = 9;
int
b = 10;
System.
out
.println(
"in func2...."
);
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
int
[] b = func(4);
func2(8);
System.
out
.println(b[0]);
}
}