SpringBoot集成rabbitmq发送消息

环境：jdk11，springboot2.5.5

以下代码以路由模式(Routing)为示例。

1. pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>spring-rabbitmq-demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>11</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2. application.yml

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: 127.0.0.1
    port: 5672
    username: admin
    password: 123456
    virtual-host: /

3. 配置队列，交换机，以及绑定关系

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfiguration {


    // 创建队列
    @Bean
    public Queue orderQueue() {
        /*
         * durable:是否持久化,默认是false
         * exclusive:默认也是false，只能被当前创建的连接使用，而且当连接关闭后队列即被删除。此参考优先级高于durable
         * autoDelete:是否自动删除
         * arguments 附加参数
         */
        return new Queue("order-queue", true, false, false, null);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue courseQueue() {
        /*
         * durable:是否持久化,默认是false
         * exclusive:是否独占，默认也是false，只能被当前创建的连接使用，而且当连接关闭后队列即被删除。此参考优先级高于durable
         * autoDelete:是否自动删除
         * arguments 附加参数
         */
        return new Queue("course-queue", true, false, false, null);
    }

    // 创建交换机
    @Bean
    public DirectExchange directExchange() {
        // 交换机名称，是否持久化，是否自动删除，附加参数
        return new DirectExchange("direct-exchange", true, false, null);
    }

    // 绑定交换机和队列
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingDirect1() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(orderQueue()).to(directExchange()).with("order");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding bindingDirect2() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(courseQueue()).to(directExchange()).with("course");
    }
}

4. 配置消费者监听

@Service
public class ConsumerService {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "order-queue")
    public void orderConsumer(Message message) {
        System.out.println("orderConsumer收到消息: " + new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "course-queue")
    public void courseConsumer(Message message) {
        System.out.println("courseConsumer收到消息: " + new String(message.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    }
}

 5. 编写测试用例发送消息

@SpringBootTest
class SpringRabbitmqDemoApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    void sendMessage1() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct-exchange","order","hello order");
    }

    @Test
    void sendMessage2() {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("direct-exchange","course","hello course");
    }

}

6. SpringBoot启动类，启动项目

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringRabbitmqDemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringRabbitmqDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

7. 运行测试类发送消息，进行测试 

 完整代码