Linux内核移植简记

 

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Linux：2.6.30.4

编译器：4.3.3

硬件平台：S3C2440

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        1.下载Linux内核

                 ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/  ------>V2.6(文件夹)------>linux-2.6.30.4.tar.gz 或者（linux-2.6.30.4.tar.bz2）

        2.解压Linux内核

                tar -zxvf  linux-2.6.30.4.tar.gz -C   /目录

                或者 tar xvfj  linux-2.6.30.4.tar.bz2   -C  /目录

        3.添加对arm的支持

                修改解压后linux源码包中的Makefile文件，（约193行） 修改为：

                ARCH    = arm

                CROSS_COMPILE     = arm-linux-

        4.修改arm的运行时钟（个人觉得不改可能会影响与时钟参数有关设备，如串口等）

                修改 arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-smdk2440.c 文件中第163行  修改为：

                s3c24xx_init_clocks(12000000);     (原始值为：16934400)

        5.修改系统配置

                make menuconfig  弹出配置菜单项（需要启动编译器支持功能：source  /etc/profile   (需先配置profile文件)）

                5.1  选择“Load an Alternate Configuration File”---> Enter

                       .config---修改为--->arch/arm/configs/s3c2410_defconfig   (添加s3c2440 的默认配置) --->退出到主菜单           

                5.2 选择“System Type”--->

                        S3C2440 Machines--->配置如下

                            [ ]Simtec Electronic ANUBIS

                            [ ]Simtec IM2440D20（OSIRIS）module

                            [ ]HP iPAQ rx3715

                            [*]SMDK 2440

                            [ ]NexVision NEXCODER 2440 Light Board

                            [*]SMDK2440 With S3C2440 CPU Module

                            [ ]Avantech AT2440EVB development Board

                5.3 选择“General Setup”--->配置如下

                        (-EmbedSky)Local version -append to kernel release(天嵌出的驱动模块在加载时会校验该信息)

                        (17)kernel log buffer size

                5.4 选择“Kernel Feature”--->配置如下（编译器是4.3.3的版本需要添加，低版本不需添加配置）

                        [*]USE the ARM EABI to Compile the kernel

                        [*]Allow old ABI binaries to run with this kern（EXPERIMENTAL）（NEW）

                        [ ]Add LRU List to track non-evictable pages

                5.5 选择“Device Drivers”--->配置如下    (修改NandFlash配置，其他驱动先不管)

                        <*> Memory Technology Device（MTD）Support------>

                                   < >RedBoot partition table parsing

                                    [ ]Command line partition table parsing

                                    <*>NAND Device Support ------>

                                                [ ]S3C2440 NAND Hardware ECC (有的资料建议选择该项，这里先不先Flash校验)

                5.6 选择“Save an Alternate Configuration File”------>

                         保存为 .config文件，保存后退出。

        6.修改机器码

                修改arch/arm/tools/mach-types文件中的第379行，修改后如下(将原始值362修改为168)

                S3C2440  ARCH_S3C2440 S3C2440 168

                注：这里需要将机器码修改和U-boot中的机器码一样，也可将U-boot中修改和这里的一样

        7.修改Flash配置

                修改 arch/arm/plat-s3c24xx/common-smdk.c  (约109行)

                static struct mtd-patition smdk_default_nand_part[ ]={

                        [0] = {   .name = "U-Boot",

                                    .size = 0x00040000,

                                    .offset = 0, }

                        [1] = {   .name = "Kernel",

                                    .size = 0x00300000,

                                    .offset = 0x00200000, }

                        [2] = {   .name = "yaffs2",

                                    .size = MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,    //默认是剩余空间

                                    .offset = 0x00500000, }

                         }        //注：空间分配也可自己定义   [3]\[4]\[5]\[6]\[7]几项可以删除

                修改 NandFlash操作时间，时间可以自己设定（这项可以不改）  （约165行）

        8.修改软件中的NandFlash校验设置

                修改 drivers/mtd/nand/s3c2410.c   (约 752行)  修改为

                chip-ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_NONE;        //原始值 NAND_ECC_SOFT;

        9.编译内核

                make zImage

                之后会在arch/arm/boot目录下面生成 zImage

                到此可以编译支持S3C2440处理器的基本内核（不带驱动，不支持yaffs2文件系统）。

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        以下是添加Linux对yaffs2文件系统的支持功能

        1.下载yaffs2补丁包

                下载 CVS-root.tar.gz------>解压  tar xvfz cvs-root.tar.gz--->进入解压后的文件，进入到 yaffs2 文件夹下执行

                ./patch-ker.sh c /linux安装目录下面

                执行后在Linux的fs目录下发现多了yaffs2目录，同时fs下面的Kconfig和Makefile文件中添加了对yaffs2的支持

        2.配置Linux对文件系统的支持

                make menuconfig

                File System---> 配置如下

                        < >second Extended fs support 

                        < >Ext3 journalling file system support

                        < >Kernel automounter support

                        < >Kernel automounter version (aslo supports V3)

                        < >FUSE (Filesystem in Userspace) support

                                CD-ROM/DVD Filesystem------>

                                        [ ] Microsoft Joliet CDROM extensions

                                        < >UDF file system support

                                DOS/FAT/NT Filesystems------>

                                        < >NTFS file system support

                                Pseudo filesystems------>

                                        [ ]Tmpfs POSIX Access Control Lists

                                        <*>Userspace-driven configuration filesystem

                        <*> Miscellaneous filesystems------>

                                <*> YAFFS2 file system support(NEM)

                                [ ]Cache short names in RAM (NEW)

                        -*- Native Language support

                                <*> Simplified Chinese charset (CP936,GB2312)

                                <*>NLS UTF-8

            保存设置  “Save an Alternate Configuration File”------>保存为 .config 文件

            make zImage

            即可生成支持 YAFFS2文件系统的Linux内核了！