编程笔记20001007

 //想知道一个类实现多个接口，而这些接口中定义了相同的成员函数会发生什么情况
//答案是能查询到多个接口，却只能实现同一个功能
//要是查询不同接口而实现不同功能，该怎么办呢?我还没想到。

#include <objbase.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

static GUID IID_ISimpleMath;
static GUID IID_IAdvancedMath;

interface ISimpleMath : public IUnknown
{
public:
 virtual int Add(int nOp1, int nOp2) = 0;  
 virtual int Subtract(int nOp1, int nOp2) = 0;
 virtual int Multiply(int nOp1, int nOp2) = 0;
 virtual int Divide(int nOp1, int nOp2) = 0;
};

interface IAdvancedMath : public IUnknown
{
public:
 virtual int Add(int nOp1, int nOp2) = 0;/*这个成员函数在interface ISimpleMath中也有定义*/
 virtual int Factorial(int nOp1) = 0;
 virtual int Fabonacci(int nOp1) = 0;
};

class CMath : public ISimpleMath,public IAdvancedMath
{
private:
 ULONG m_cRef;
 
public:
 CMath()
 { m_cRef=0;
 };
 //IUnknown Method
 STDMETHOD(QueryInterface)(REFIID riid, void **ppv)
 {// 这里这是实现dynamic_cast的功能，但由于dynamic_cast与编译器相关。
  if(riid == IID_ISimpleMath)
   *ppv = static_cast<ISimpleMath *>(this);
  else if(riid == IID_IAdvancedMath)
   *ppv = static_cast<IAdvancedMath *>(this);
  else if(riid == IID_IUnknown)
   *ppv = static_cast<ISimpleMath *>(this);
  else {
   *ppv = 0;
   return E_NOINTERFACE;
  }
  
  reinterpret_cast<IUnknown *>(*ppv)->AddRef(); //这里要这样是因为引用计数是针对组件的
  return S_OK;
 };

 STDMETHOD_(ULONG, AddRef)()
 { return ++m_cRef;
 };
 STDMETHOD_(ULONG, Release)()
 { ULONG res = --m_cRef; //　使用临时变量把修改后的引用计数值缓存起来
  if(res == 0)   // 因为在对象已经销毁后再引用这个对象的数据将是非法的
   delete this;
  return res;
 };
 
 // ISimpleMath Method
 int Add(int nOp1, int nOp2)
 { return nOp1+nOp2;
 };//这个也是IAdvancedMath Method?

 int Subtract(int nOp1, int nOp2)
 { return nOp1-nOp2;
 };
 int Multiply(int nOp1, int nOp2)
 { return nOp1*nOp2;
 };
 int Divide(int nOp1, int nOp2)
 { if(!nOp2) throw("除数为零");
  return nOp1/nOp2;
 };

 // IAdvancedMath Method
 int Factorial(int nOp)
 { if(nOp <= 1)
   return 1;
  return nOp * Factorial(nOp - 1);
 };
 int Fabonacci(int nOp)
 { if(nOp <= 1)
   return 1;
  
  return Fabonacci(nOp - 1) + Fabonacci(nOp - 2);
 };
};

int main()
{ CoCreateGuid(&IID_ISimpleMath);
 CoCreateGuid(&IID_IAdvancedMath);

 ISimpleMath *pSimpleMath = NULL;  // 声明接口指针
 IAdvancedMath *pAdvMath = NULL;
 CMath *pMath = new CMath;  // 创建对象实例，我们暂时这样创建对象实例，COM有创建对象实例的机制
 HRESULT hr;
 hr=pMath->QueryInterface(IID_ISimpleMath, (void **)&pSimpleMath); // 查询对象实现的接口ISimpleMath
 if(!pSimpleMath) return hr;
 cout << "10 + 4 = " << pSimpleMath->Add(10, 4) << endl;

 pSimpleMath->QueryInterface(IID_IAdvancedMath, (void **)&pAdvMath); // 查询对象实现的接口IAdvancedMath
 if(!pAdvMath) return hr;
 cout << "10 + 4 = " << pAdvMath->Add(10, 4) << endl;//
 cout << "10 Fabonacci is " << pAdvMath->Fabonacci(10) << endl; 

 pAdvMath->Release();
 pSimpleMath->Release();
 return 0;
}