Python笔记_56_auth用户认证组件

Django组件-auth用户认证组件

from django.contrib import auth

create之间的区别

创建数据库auth_user表的对象时：

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
user = User.objects.create_user（username='admin',password='1234',email='xx@123.com'）

1. create:

   创建一个普通用户,密码是明文的.

2. create_user:

   创建一个普通用户,密码是密文的.

3. create_superuser:

   创建一个超级用户,密码是密文的,要多传一个email参数.

authenticate()方法

两个参数,分别是用户名username 和 密码password,拿到参数后,去数据库过滤,有值,就返回 User 对象,没有返回None。必须通过authenticate方法取得表对象，直接通过数据库取对象时会报错。

from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login
...
user = authenticate(username='admin',password='1234')

login(HttpRequest, user)方法

1. 两个参数,分别是reques, auth_user表的对象(上一条返回的对象)user.

2. 设置session信息

3. request.user = user.

from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login
   
def my_view(request):
  username = request.POST['username']
  password = request.POST['password']
  user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)
  if user is not None:
    login(request, user)
    # Redirect to a success page.
    path = request.GET.get("next") or "/index/"
    print(path)
    return redirect(path)
  else:
    # Return an 'invalid login' error message.
    return redirect("/login/")

logout(HttpRequest) 方法

1. 一个参数, 是request，无返回值。

2. 清空session信息

3. 将request.user赋值成匿名用户.

def logout(request):
    # request.session.flush()
    auth.logout(request)
    return redirect("/login/")

is_authenticated属性

user对象的is_authenticated。当前用户是否登录状态，如果是真正的 User 对象，返回值恒为 True 。

# 自己写的装饰器
def login_required(func):
    def inner(request, *args, **kwargs):
        if not request.user.is_authenticated:  # 没有登录成功
            path = request.path
            return redirect('/login/?next=%s' % path)
        ret = func(request, *args, **kwargs)
        return ret
    return inner

login_required装饰器(Django自带的)

from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
      
@login_required
def my_view(request):
  ...

check_password(passwd)验证密码

用户需要修改密码的时候 首先要让他输入原来的密码 ，如果给定的字符串通过了密码检查，返回 True

set_password() 设置密码

user = User.objects.get(username='admin')
user.set_password(password='5678')
user.save()

• 通过旧密码验证修改密码：

@login_required
def set_password(request):
    user = request.user
    state = None
    if request.method == 'POST':
        old_password = request.POST.get('old_password', '')
        new_password = request.POST.get('new_password', '')
        repeat_password = request.POST.get('repeat_password', '')
        if user.check_password(old_password):
            if not new_password:
                state = 'empty'
            elif new_password != repeat_password:
                state = 'repeat_error'
            else:
                user.set_password(new_password)
                user.save()
                return redirect("/log_in/")
        else:
            state = 'password_error'
    content = {
        'user': user,
        'state': state,
    }
    return render(request, 'set_password.html', content)

• 注册

def sign_up(request):
 
    state = None
    if request.method == 'POST':
 
        password = request.POST.get('password', '')
        repeat_password = request.POST.get('repeat_password', '')
        email=request.POST.get('email', '')
        username = request.POST.get('username', '')
        if User.objects.filter(username=username):
                state = 'user_exist'
        else:
                new_user = User.objects.create_user(username=username, password=password,email=email)
                new_user.save()
 
                return redirect('/book/')
    content = {
        'state': state,
        'user': None,
    }
    return render(request, 'sign_up.html', content)