JDK1.8 HashMap源码分析（进行中...

JDK1.8 HashMap源码分析

常量

/**
 * The default initial capacity - MUST be a power of two.
 * 默认初始容量-必须是2的幂（2的n次方）
 */
static final int DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY = 1 << 4; // aka 16

/**
 * The maximum capacity, used if a higher value is implicitly specified
 * by either of the constructors with arguments.
 * MUST be a power of two <= 1<<30.
 * 最大容量
 */
static final int MAXIMUM_CAPACITY = 1 << 30;

/**
 * The load factor used when none specified in constructor.
 * 负载因子当构造函数中没有特定时使用的默认值
 */
static final float DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR = 0.75f;

/**
 * The bin count threshold for using a tree rather than list for a
 * bin.  Bins are converted to trees when adding an element to a
 * bin with at least this many nodes. The value must be greater
 * than 2 and should be at least 8 to mesh with assumptions in
 * tree removal about conversion back to plain bins upon
 * shrinkage.
 * 树化阈值，该值代表存储bin使用tree比使用list更加合适。
 * Bins中元素个数比这个阈值大时Bins会转换成树。这个数值必须大于二且至少为8
 */
static final int TREEIFY_THRESHOLD = 8;

/**
 * The bin count threshold for untreeifying a (split) bin during a
 * resize operation. Should be less than TREEIFY_THRESHOLD, and at
 * most 6 to mesh with shrinkage detection under removal.
 * 在resize操作中反树化的元素计数阈值
 */
static final int UNTREEIFY_THRESHOLD = 6;

/**
 * The smallest table capacity for which bins may be treeified.
 * (Otherwise the table is resized if too many nodes in a bin.)
 * Should be at least 4 * TREEIFY_THRESHOLD to avoid conflicts
 * between resizing and treeification thresholds.
 * 树化后的最小表容量
 */
static final int MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY = 64;

jdk1.7HashMap结构

jdk1.8HashMap结构

保存的数据的节点结构不同于1.7权重的HashEntry1.8采用Node保存数据

/**
 * 基础的hash容器节点
 * Basic hash bin node, used for most entries.  (See below for
 * TreeNode subclass, and in LinkedHashMap for its Entry subclass.)
 */
static class Node<K,V> implements Map.Entry<K,V> {
    final int hash;
    final K key;
    V value;
    Node<K,V> next;

    Node(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
        this.hash = hash;
        this.key = key;
        this.value = value;
        this.next = next;
    }

    public final K getKey()        { return key; }
    public final V getValue()      { return value; }
    public final String toString() { return key + "=" + value; }

    // 返回哈希值
    public final int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hashCode(key) ^ Objects.hashCode(value);
    }

    // 将value设为新值并将老值返回
    public final V setValue(V newValue) {
        V oldValue = value;
        value = newValue;
        return oldValue;
    }

    // 判断节点是否相等，调用的是传过来节点中键值对象的equals方法，所以要自定义类作为key/value来存储到HashMap中必须重写hashcode和equals方法
    public final boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (o == this)
            return true;
        if (o instanceof Map.Entry) {
            Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>)o;
            if (Objects.equals(key, e.getKey()) &&
                Objects.equals(value, e.getValue()))
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

静态工具

/* ---------------- Static utilities -------------- */

/**
 * Computes key.hashCode() and spreads (XORs) higher bits of hash
 * to lower.  Because the table uses power-of-two masking, sets of
 * hashes that vary only in bits above the current mask will
 * always collide. (Among known examples are sets of Float keys
 * holding consecutive whole numbers in small tables.)  So we
 * apply a transform that spreads the impact of higher bits
 * downward. There is a tradeoff between speed, utility, and
 * quality of bit-spreading. Because many common sets of hashes
 * are already reasonably distributed (so don't benefit from
 * spreading), and because we use trees to handle large sets of
 * collisions in bins, we just XOR some shifted bits in the
 * cheapest possible way to reduce systematic lossage, as well as
 * to incorporate impact of the highest bits that would otherwise
 * never be used in index calculations because of table bounds.
 * 计算key的hash值并将结果二进制的高位置换到低位，将原来的高位置零
 */
static final int hash(Object key) {
    int h;
    return (key == null) ? 0 : (h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16);
}

/**
 * Returns x's Class if it is of the form "class C implements
 * Comparable<C>", else null.
 * 返回x对象的类是否实现了Comparable接口，如果未实现返回null
 */
static Class<?> comparableClassFor(Object x) {
    if (x instanceof Comparable) {
        Class<?> c; Type[] ts, as; Type t; ParameterizedType p;
        if ((c = x.getClass()) == String.class) // bypass checks
            return c;
        if ((ts = c.getGenericInterfaces()) != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < ts.length; ++i) {
                if (((t = ts[i]) instanceof ParameterizedType) &&
                    ((p = (ParameterizedType)t).getRawType() ==
                     Comparable.class) &&
                    (as = p.getActualTypeArguments()) != null &&
                    as.length == 1 && as[0] == c) // type arg is c
                    return c;
            }
        }
    }
    return null;
}

/**
 * Returns k.compareTo(x) if x matches kc (k's screened comparable
 * class), else 0.
 * 返回k.compareTo(x)
 */
@SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"}) // for cast to Comparable
static int compareComparables(Class<?> kc, Object k, Object x) {
    return (x == null || x.getClass() != kc ? 0 :
            ((Comparable)k).compareTo(x));
}

/**
 * Returns a power of two size for the given target capacity.
 * 返回一个给定目标容量的二倍幂
 * 
 */
static final int tableSizeFor(int cap) {
    int n = cap - 1;
    n |= n >>> 1;
    n |= n >>> 2;
    n |= n >>> 4;
    n |= n >>> 8;
    n |= n >>> 16;
    return (n < 0) ? 1 : (n >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ? MAXIMUM_CAPACITY : n + 1;
}

Fields（成员函数）

/* ---------------- Fields -------------- */

/**
 * The table, initialized on first use, and resized as
 * necessary. When allocated, length is always a power of two.
 * (We also tolerate length zero in some operations to allow
 * bootstrapping mechanics that are currently not needed.)
 * 由节点数组构成的表，在初次使用时初始化，在需要时重新规定大小
 */
transient Node<K,V>[] table;

/**
 * Holds cached entrySet(). Note that AbstractMap fields are used
 * for keySet() and values().
 * 保存缓存的entrySet
 * 
 */
transient Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet;

/**
 * The number of key-value mappings contained in this map.
 * 当前map中包含的键值映射
 */
transient int size;

/**
 * The number of times this HashMap has been structurally modified
 * Structural modifications are those that change the number of mappings in
 * the HashMap or otherwise modify its internal structure (e.g.,
 * rehash).  This field is used to make iterators on Collection-views of
 * the HashMap fail-fast.  (See ConcurrentModificationException).
 * 当前HashMap发生结构变化的次数（get不会引发结构变化）
 */
transient int modCount;

/**
 * The next size value at which to resize (capacity * load factor).
 * 要进行调整大小的下一个值（capacity * load factor）（当容量达到了当前最大容量*负载因子的大小容器大小就要改变）
 *
 * @serial
 */
// (The javadoc description is true upon serialization.
// Additionally, if the table array has not been allocated, this
// field holds the initial array capacity, or zero signifying
// DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY.)
int threshold;

/**
 * The load factor for the hash table.
 * hash table的负载因子
 *
 * @serial
 */
final float loadFactor;

公共操作

/**
 * Constructs an empty <tt>HashMap</tt> with the specified initial
 * capacity and load factor.
 * 构造一个空的HashMap 特定初始化容量和负载因子
 *
 * @param  initialCapacity the initial capacity
 * @param  loadFactor      the load factor
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is negative
 *         or the load factor is nonpositive
 */
public HashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {
    if (initialCapacity < 0)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal initial capacity: " +
                                           initialCapacity);
    if (initialCapacity > MAXIMUM_CAPACITY)
        initialCapacity = MAXIMUM_CAPACITY;
    if (loadFactor <= 0 || Float.isNaN(loadFactor))
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal load factor: " +
                                           loadFactor);
    this.loadFactor = loadFactor;
    this.threshold = tableSizeFor(initialCapacity);
}

/**
 * Constructs an empty <tt>HashMap</tt> with the specified initial
 * capacity and the default load factor (0.75).
 * 构造一个空的HashMap 特定初始化容量，负载因子为默认的0.75
 *
 * @param  initialCapacity the initial capacity.
 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the initial capacity is negative.
 */
public HashMap(int initialCapacity) {
    this(initialCapacity, DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR);
}

/**
 * Constructs an empty <tt>HashMap</tt> with the default initial capacity
 * (16) and the default load factor (0.75).
 * 构造一个空的HashMap使用默认的初始化容量（16）和默认负载因子（0.75）
 */
public HashMap() {
    this.loadFactor = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR; // all other fields defaulted
}

/**
 * Constructs a new <tt>HashMap</tt> with the same mappings as the
 * specified <tt>Map</tt>.  The <tt>HashMap</tt> is created with
 * default load factor (0.75) and an initial capacity sufficient to
 * hold the mappings in the specified <tt>Map</tt>.
 * 构造一个新的具有与特定Map相同映射的HashMap。
 *
 * @param   m the map whose mappings are to be placed in this map
 * @throws  NullPointerException if the specified map is null
 */
public HashMap(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
    this.loadFactor = DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR;
    putMapEntries(m, false);
}

/**
 * Implements Map.putAll and Map constructor.
 * 实现Map.putAll方法 和 Map constructor
 *
 * @param m the map
 * @param evict false when initially constructing this map, else
 * true (relayed to method afterNodeInsertion).
 */
final void putMapEntries(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m, boolean evict) {
    // s为m的容量
    int s = m.size();
    // 当s大于零（m中存有节点）
    if (s > 0) {
        // 如果table为空，第一次调用进行初始化
        if (table == null) { // pre-size
            // 定义本map的初始容量为要复制map的容量除以负载因子+1
            // 这样使得初始化的table拥有足够大的空间避免出错
            float ft = ((float)s / loadFactor) + 1.0F;
            // 如果初始化容量小于最大容量则将最大容量定为初始化容量否则就是ft为初始化容量
            int t = ((ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) ?
                     (int)ft : MAXIMUM_CAPACITY);
            // 如果初始化容量大于阈值则要进行容量大小调整
            if (t > threshold)
                threshold = tableSizeFor(t);
        }
        else if (s > threshold)
            // 增加table大小
            resize();
        for (Map.Entry<? extends K, ? extends V> e : m.entrySet()) {
            K key = e.getKey();
            V value = e.getValue();
            // 复制内容
            putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, evict);
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Returns the number of key-value mappings in this map.
 * 返回当前map的键值映射数量
 *
 * @return the number of key-value mappings in this map
 */
public int size() {
    return size;
}

/**
 * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map contains no key-value mappings.
 *
 * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map contains no key-value mappings
 */
public boolean isEmpty() {
    return size == 0;
}

/**
 * Returns the value to which the specified key is mapped,
 * or {@code null} if this map contains no mapping for the key.
 * get方法返回指定key所映射的值（value）
 * 如果当前map不包含key的键值映射则返回null
 *
 * <p>More formally, if this map contains a mapping from a key
 * {@code k} to a value {@code v} such that {@code (key==null ? k==null :
 * key.equals(k))}, then this method returns {@code v}; otherwise
 * it returns {@code null}.  (There can be at most one such mapping.)
 *
 * <p>A return value of {@code null} does not <i>necessarily</i>
 * indicate that the map contains no mapping for the key; it's also
 * possible that the map explicitly maps the key to {@code null}.
 * The {@link #containsKey containsKey} operation may be used to
 * distinguish these two cases.
 *
 * @see #put(Object, Object)
 */
public V get(Object key) {
    // 新建节点e
    Node<K,V> e;
    // 调用getNode方法如果节点不为空则返回该节点的value通过hash方法计算key所代表的哈希值以便后续寻找对应的table
    return (e = getNode(hash(key), key)) == null ? null : e.value;
}

/**
 * Implements Map.get and related methods.
 * 实现Map.get方法以及相关方法
 *
 * @param hash hash for key
 * @param key the key
 * @return the node, or null if none
 */
final Node<K,V> getNode(int hash, Object key) {
    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> first, e; int n; K k;
    // 初始化tab为当前map的table数组 ，如果当前table不为空且table数组的长度大于零且初始化first节点指向根据hash值所对应的table数组中的某个table不为空
    if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
        (first = tab[(n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
        // 总是要检查first节点的哈希值是否和要查找的hash值相等
        if (first.hash == hash && // always check first node
            // 如果first节点的key与要查询的key相等（primitive）基本数据类型用此判断
            // 或者key不为空且key调用自身equals方法与first节点的key比较如果相等则返回first节点
            ((k = first.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
            return first;
        // 上述是如果fitst节点也就是table的头节点正好是要找的节点
        // 下面是table所代表的链表的头节点不是要查找的节点
        // 如果first节点的下一个节点不为null（将first节点所指向的链表的下一个节点赋值给了e）
        if ((e = first.next) != null) {
            // 如果 first节点是树节点
            if (first instanceof TreeNode)
                // 将first节点转为树节点并调用getTreeNode方法（从根节点开始查找）查找对应的节点
                return ((TreeNode<K,V>)first).getTreeNode(hash, key);
            // 如果first节点并非树节点（还是使用链表作为table的数据结构没有达到树化阈值
            do {
                // 如果e节点的key与要查询的key相等（primitive）基本数据类型用此判断
            	// 或者key不为空且key调用自身equals方法与first节点的key比较如果相等则返回e节点
                if (e.hash == hash &&
                    ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
                    return e;
                // 当e的下一个节点不为空时继续循环查找
            } while ((e = e.next) != null);
        }
    }
    return null;
}

/**
 * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the
 * specified key.
 * containsKey其实也是调用getNode方法根据有没有找到来判断
 *
 * @param   key   The key whose presence in this map is to be tested
 * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the specified
 * key.
 */
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
    return getNode(hash(key), key) != null;
}

/**
 * Associates the specified value with the specified key in this map.
 * If the map previously contained a mapping for the key, the old
 * value is replaced.
 * 在当前map中关联特定的value和key
 * 如果key已经有了一个映射则将value作为新值替换旧值
 *
 * @param key key with which the specified value is to be associated
 * @param value value to be associated with the specified key
 * @return the previous value associated with <tt>key</tt>, or
 *         <tt>null</tt> if there was no mapping for <tt>key</tt>.
 *         (A <tt>null</tt> return can also indicate that the map
 *         previously associated <tt>null</tt> with <tt>key</tt>.)
 */
public V put(K key, V value) {
    // 根据key计算hash值
    return putVal(hash(key), key, value, false, true);
}

/**
 * Implements Map.put and related methods.
 * 实现Map.put及相关方法
 *
 * @param hash hash for key
 * @param key the key
 * @param value the value to put
 * @param onlyIfAbsent if true, don't change existing value
 * @param evict if false, the table is in creation mode.
 * @return previous value, or null if none
 */
final V putVal(int hash, K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent,
               boolean evict) {
    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, i;
    // 将table赋值给tab 进行长度判断如果table为null或长度为0
    if ((tab = table) == null || (n = tab.length) == 0)
        // 初始化table数组长度
        // 将n定义为table数组长度
        n = (tab = resize()).length;
    // 根据hash判断要进行存储的键值对应该存在table数组中的哪个table
    // 将第i个table的头节点赋值给p 如果该table为空
    if ((p = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) == null)
        // 新建节点作为table数组中第i个table所代表的数据结构（i是根据table数组长度与hash值相与计算得出
        tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
    else {
        Node<K,V> e; K k;
        // 首先对p的hash值判断是否等于要插入key所代表的hash值
        if (p.hash == hash &&
            // 将p的key赋值给k如果k等于要插入的key（基本数据类型的判断）或k不为null且key调用equals方法判断是否与k相等
            ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
            // 将p赋值给e节点（此时找到相同的key记录
            e = p;
        // 若没有找到相同的key记录且如果p是树节点调用TreeNode的putTreeVal方法去插入数据
        else if (p instanceof TreeNode)
            e = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
        // 如果p不是树节点（table所代表的数据结构还是链表，大小未达到树化阈值
        else {
            // 循环
            for (int binCount = 0; ; ++binCount) {
                // 将p的下一个节点赋值给e
                // 不停的循环遍历直至p的下一个节点为null
                if ((e = p.next) == null) {
                    // 创建新节点作为p的下一个节点
                    p.next = newNode(hash, key, value, null);
                    // 如果容器计数达到了树化阈值
                    if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1) // -1 for 1st
                        // 将容器树化（将table所代表的链表转换为红黑树
                        treeifyBin(tab, hash);
                    break;
                }
                // 在遍历时根据哈希值与key判断table中是否由相同key的记录如果由则跳出循环
                if (e.hash == hash &&
                    ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
                    break;
                // 如果下一个节点不是null将e重新赋值给p代表p向后遍历
                p = e;
            }
        }
        // 如果找到了已经存在相同key的记录
        if (e != null) { // existing mapping for key
            // 将老值保存
            V oldValue = e.value;
            // 默认onlyIfAbsent为false说明要更新值
            // 如果onlyIfAbsent为true则不更新值说明要更新值
            if (!onlyIfAbsent || oldValue == null)
                e.value = value;
            afterNodeAccess(e);
            return oldValue;
        }
    }
    
    // 对map结构的修改次数+1
    ++modCount;
    // 如果容器大小达到阈值调整容器大小
    if (++size > threshold)
        resize();
    afterNodeInsertion(evict);
    return null;
}

/**
 * Initializes or doubles table size.  If null, allocates in
 * accord with initial capacity target held in field threshold.
 * Otherwise, because we are using power-of-two expansion, the
 * elements from each bin must either stay at same index, or move
 * with a power of two offset in the new table.
 *
 * @return the table
 */
final Node<K,V>[] resize() {
    Node<K,V>[] oldTab = table;
    int oldCap = (oldTab == null) ? 0 : oldTab.length;
    int oldThr = threshold;
    int newCap, newThr = 0;
    if (oldCap > 0) {
        if (oldCap >= MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {
            threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
            return oldTab;
        }
        else if ((newCap = oldCap << 1) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY &&
                 oldCap >= DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY)
            newThr = oldThr << 1; // double threshold
    }
    else if (oldThr > 0) // initial capacity was placed in threshold
        newCap = oldThr;
    else {               // zero initial threshold signifies using defaults
        newCap = DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY;
        newThr = (int)(DEFAULT_LOAD_FACTOR * DEFAULT_INITIAL_CAPACITY);
    }
    if (newThr == 0) {
        float ft = (float)newCap * loadFactor;
        newThr = (newCap < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY && ft < (float)MAXIMUM_CAPACITY ?
                  (int)ft : Integer.MAX_VALUE);
    }
    threshold = newThr;
    @SuppressWarnings({"rawtypes","unchecked"})
    Node<K,V>[] newTab = (Node<K,V>[])new Node[newCap];
    table = newTab;
    if (oldTab != null) {
        for (int j = 0; j < oldCap; ++j) {
            Node<K,V> e;
            if ((e = oldTab[j]) != null) {
                oldTab[j] = null;
                if (e.next == null)
                    newTab[e.hash & (newCap - 1)] = e;
                else if (e instanceof TreeNode)
                    ((TreeNode<K,V>)e).split(this, newTab, j, oldCap);
                else { // preserve order
                    Node<K,V> loHead = null, loTail = null;
                    Node<K,V> hiHead = null, hiTail = null;
                    Node<K,V> next;
                    do {
                        next = e.next;
                        if ((e.hash & oldCap) == 0) {
                            if (loTail == null)
                                loHead = e;
                            else
                                loTail.next = e;
                            loTail = e;
                        }
                        else {
                            if (hiTail == null)
                                hiHead = e;
                            else
                                hiTail.next = e;
                            hiTail = e;
                        }
                    } while ((e = next) != null);
                    if (loTail != null) {
                        loTail.next = null;
                        newTab[j] = loHead;
                    }
                    if (hiTail != null) {
                        hiTail.next = null;
                        newTab[j + oldCap] = hiHead;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return newTab;
}

/**
 * Replaces all linked nodes in bin at index for given hash unless
 * table is too small, in which case resizes instead.
 */
final void treeifyBin(Node<K,V>[] tab, int hash) {
    int n, index; Node<K,V> e;
    if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) < MIN_TREEIFY_CAPACITY)
        resize();
    else if ((e = tab[index = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
        TreeNode<K,V> hd = null, tl = null;
        do {
            TreeNode<K,V> p = replacementTreeNode(e, null);
            if (tl == null)
                hd = p;
            else {
                p.prev = tl;
                tl.next = p;
            }
            tl = p;
        } while ((e = e.next) != null);
        if ((tab[index] = hd) != null)
            hd.treeify(tab);
    }
}

/**
 * Copies all of the mappings from the specified map to this map.
 * These mappings will replace any mappings that this map had for
 * any of the keys currently in the specified map.
 *
 * @param m mappings to be stored in this map
 * @throws NullPointerException if the specified map is null
 */
public void putAll(Map<? extends K, ? extends V> m) {
    putMapEntries(m, true);
}

/**
 * Removes the mapping for the specified key from this map if present.
 *
 * @param  key key whose mapping is to be removed from the map
 * @return the previous value associated with <tt>key</tt>, or
 *         <tt>null</tt> if there was no mapping for <tt>key</tt>.
 *         (A <tt>null</tt> return can also indicate that the map
 *         previously associated <tt>null</tt> with <tt>key</tt>.)
 */
public V remove(Object key) {
    Node<K,V> e;
    return (e = removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, true)) == null ?
        null : e.value;
}

/**
 * Implements Map.remove and related methods.
 *
 * @param hash hash for key
 * @param key the key
 * @param value the value to match if matchValue, else ignored
 * @param matchValue if true only remove if value is equal
 * @param movable if false do not move other nodes while removing
 * @return the node, or null if none
 */
final Node<K,V> removeNode(int hash, Object key, Object value,
                           boolean matchValue, boolean movable) {
    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> p; int n, index;
    if ((tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) > 0 &&
        (p = tab[index = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
        Node<K,V> node = null, e; K k; V v;
        if (p.hash == hash &&
            ((k = p.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
            node = p;
        else if ((e = p.next) != null) {
            if (p instanceof TreeNode)
                node = ((TreeNode<K,V>)p).getTreeNode(hash, key);
            else {
                do {
                    if (e.hash == hash &&
                        ((k = e.key) == key ||
                         (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
                        node = e;
                        break;
                    }
                    p = e;
                } while ((e = e.next) != null);
            }
        }
        if (node != null && (!matchValue || (v = node.value) == value ||
                             (value != null && value.equals(v)))) {
            if (node instanceof TreeNode)
                ((TreeNode<K,V>)node).removeTreeNode(this, tab, movable);
            else if (node == p)
                tab[index] = node.next;
            else
                p.next = node.next;
            ++modCount;
            --size;
            afterNodeRemoval(node);
            return node;
        }
    }
    return null;
}

/**
 * Removes all of the mappings from this map.
 * The map will be empty after this call returns.
 */
public void clear() {
    Node<K,V>[] tab;
    modCount++;
    if ((tab = table) != null && size > 0) {
        size = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i)
            tab[i] = null;
    }
}

/**
 * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map maps one or more keys to the
 * specified value.
 *
 * @param value value whose presence in this map is to be tested
 * @return <tt>true</tt> if this map maps one or more keys to the
 *         specified value
 */
public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
    Node<K,V>[] tab; V v;
    if ((tab = table) != null && size > 0) {
        for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i) {
            for (Node<K,V> e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {
                if ((v = e.value) == value ||
                    (value != null && value.equals(v)))
                    return true;
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

/**
 * Returns a {@link Set} view of the keys contained in this map.
 * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
 * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
 * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
 * the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation), the results of
 * the iteration are undefined.  The set supports element removal,
 * which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, via the
 * <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>, <tt>Set.remove</tt>,
 * <tt>removeAll</tt>, <tt>retainAll</tt>, and <tt>clear</tt>
 * operations.  It does not support the <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt>
 * operations.
 *
 * @return a set view of the keys contained in this map
 */
public Set<K> keySet() {
    Set<K> ks = keySet;
    if (ks == null) {
        ks = new KeySet();
        keySet = ks;
    }
    return ks;
}

final class KeySet extends AbstractSet<K> {
    public final int size()                 { return size; }
    public final void clear()               { HashMap.this.clear(); }
    public final Iterator<K> iterator()     { return new KeyIterator(); }
    public final boolean contains(Object o) { return containsKey(o); }
    public final boolean remove(Object key) {
        return removeNode(hash(key), key, null, false, true) != null;
    }
    public final Spliterator<K> spliterator() {
        return new KeySpliterator<>(HashMap.this, 0, -1, 0, 0);
    }
    public final void forEach(Consumer<? super K> action) {
        Node<K,V>[] tab;
        if (action == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
            int mc = modCount;
            for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i) {
                for (Node<K,V> e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next)
                    action.accept(e.key);
            }
            if (modCount != mc)
                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Returns a {@link Collection} view of the values contained in this map.
 * The collection is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
 * reflected in the collection, and vice-versa.  If the map is
 * modified while an iteration over the collection is in progress
 * (except through the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation),
 * the results of the iteration are undefined.  The collection
 * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
 * mapping from the map, via the <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>,
 * <tt>Collection.remove</tt>, <tt>removeAll</tt>,
 * <tt>retainAll</tt> and <tt>clear</tt> operations.  It does not
 * support the <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.
 *
 * @return a view of the values contained in this map
 */
public Collection<V> values() {
    Collection<V> vs = values;
    if (vs == null) {
        vs = new Values();
        values = vs;
    }
    return vs;
}

final class Values extends AbstractCollection<V> {
    public final int size()                 { return size; }
    public final void clear()               { HashMap.this.clear(); }
    public final Iterator<V> iterator()     { return new ValueIterator(); }
    public final boolean contains(Object o) { return containsValue(o); }
    public final Spliterator<V> spliterator() {
        return new ValueSpliterator<>(HashMap.this, 0, -1, 0, 0);
    }
    public final void forEach(Consumer<? super V> action) {
        Node<K,V>[] tab;
        if (action == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
            int mc = modCount;
            for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i) {
                for (Node<K,V> e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next)
                    action.accept(e.value);
            }
            if (modCount != mc)
                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Returns a {@link Set} view of the mappings contained in this map.
 * The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are
 * reflected in the set, and vice-versa.  If the map is modified
 * while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through
 * the iterator's own <tt>remove</tt> operation, or through the
 * <tt>setValue</tt> operation on a map entry returned by the
 * iterator) the results of the iteration are undefined.  The set
 * supports element removal, which removes the corresponding
 * mapping from the map, via the <tt>Iterator.remove</tt>,
 * <tt>Set.remove</tt>, <tt>removeAll</tt>, <tt>retainAll</tt> and
 * <tt>clear</tt> operations.  It does not support the
 * <tt>add</tt> or <tt>addAll</tt> operations.
 *
 * @return a set view of the mappings contained in this map
 */
public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
    Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> es;
    return (es = entrySet) == null ? (entrySet = new EntrySet()) : es;
}

final class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
    public final int size()                 { return size; }
    public final void clear()               { HashMap.this.clear(); }
    public final Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> iterator() {
        return new EntryIterator();
    }
    public final boolean contains(Object o) {
        if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
            return false;
        Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>) o;
        Object key = e.getKey();
        Node<K,V> candidate = getNode(hash(key), key);
        return candidate != null && candidate.equals(e);
    }
    public final boolean remove(Object o) {
        if (o instanceof Map.Entry) {
            Map.Entry<?,?> e = (Map.Entry<?,?>) o;
            Object key = e.getKey();
            Object value = e.getValue();
            return removeNode(hash(key), key, value, true, true) != null;
        }
        return false;
    }
    public final Spliterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> spliterator() {
        return new EntrySpliterator<>(HashMap.this, 0, -1, 0, 0);
    }
    public final void forEach(Consumer<? super Map.Entry<K,V>> action) {
        Node<K,V>[] tab;
        if (action == null)
            throw new NullPointerException();
        if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
            int mc = modCount;
            for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i) {
                for (Node<K,V> e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next)
                    action.accept(e);
            }
            if (modCount != mc)
                throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
        }
    }
}

// Overrides of JDK8 Map extension methods

@Override
public V getOrDefault(Object key, V defaultValue) {
    Node<K,V> e;
    return (e = getNode(hash(key), key)) == null ? defaultValue : e.value;
}

@Override
public V putIfAbsent(K key, V value) {
    return putVal(hash(key), key, value, true, true);
}

@Override
public boolean remove(Object key, Object value) {
    return removeNode(hash(key), key, value, true, true) != null;
}

@Override
public boolean replace(K key, V oldValue, V newValue) {
    Node<K,V> e; V v;
    if ((e = getNode(hash(key), key)) != null &&
        ((v = e.value) == oldValue || (v != null && v.equals(oldValue)))) {
        e.value = newValue;
        afterNodeAccess(e);
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

@Override
public V replace(K key, V value) {
    Node<K,V> e;
    if ((e = getNode(hash(key), key)) != null) {
        V oldValue = e.value;
        e.value = value;
        afterNodeAccess(e);
        return oldValue;
    }
    return null;
}

@Override
public V computeIfAbsent(K key,
                         Function<? super K, ? extends V> mappingFunction) {
    if (mappingFunction == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    int hash = hash(key);
    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> first; int n, i;
    int binCount = 0;
    TreeNode<K,V> t = null;
    Node<K,V> old = null;
    if (size > threshold || (tab = table) == null ||
        (n = tab.length) == 0)
        n = (tab = resize()).length;
    if ((first = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
        if (first instanceof TreeNode)
            old = (t = (TreeNode<K,V>)first).getTreeNode(hash, key);
        else {
            Node<K,V> e = first; K k;
            do {
                if (e.hash == hash &&
                    ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
                    old = e;
                    break;
                }
                ++binCount;
            } while ((e = e.next) != null);
        }
        V oldValue;
        if (old != null && (oldValue = old.value) != null) {
            afterNodeAccess(old);
            return oldValue;
        }
    }
    V v = mappingFunction.apply(key);
    if (v == null) {
        return null;
    } else if (old != null) {
        old.value = v;
        afterNodeAccess(old);
        return v;
    }
    else if (t != null)
        t.putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, v);
    else {
        tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, v, first);
        if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1)
            treeifyBin(tab, hash);
    }
    ++modCount;
    ++size;
    afterNodeInsertion(true);
    return v;
}

public V computeIfPresent(K key,
                          BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
    if (remappingFunction == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    Node<K,V> e; V oldValue;
    int hash = hash(key);
    if ((e = getNode(hash, key)) != null &&
        (oldValue = e.value) != null) {
        V v = remappingFunction.apply(key, oldValue);
        if (v != null) {
            e.value = v;
            afterNodeAccess(e);
            return v;
        }
        else
            removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
    }
    return null;
}

@Override
public V compute(K key,
                 BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
    if (remappingFunction == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    int hash = hash(key);
    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> first; int n, i;
    int binCount = 0;
    TreeNode<K,V> t = null;
    Node<K,V> old = null;
    if (size > threshold || (tab = table) == null ||
        (n = tab.length) == 0)
        n = (tab = resize()).length;
    if ((first = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
        if (first instanceof TreeNode)
            old = (t = (TreeNode<K,V>)first).getTreeNode(hash, key);
        else {
            Node<K,V> e = first; K k;
            do {
                if (e.hash == hash &&
                    ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
                    old = e;
                    break;
                }
                ++binCount;
            } while ((e = e.next) != null);
        }
    }
    V oldValue = (old == null) ? null : old.value;
    V v = remappingFunction.apply(key, oldValue);
    if (old != null) {
        if (v != null) {
            old.value = v;
            afterNodeAccess(old);
        }
        else
            removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
    }
    else if (v != null) {
        if (t != null)
            t.putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, v);
        else {
            tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, v, first);
            if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1)
                treeifyBin(tab, hash);
        }
        ++modCount;
        ++size;
        afterNodeInsertion(true);
    }
    return v;
}

@Override
public V merge(K key, V value,
               BiFunction<? super V, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
    if (value == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    if (remappingFunction == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    int hash = hash(key);
    Node<K,V>[] tab; Node<K,V> first; int n, i;
    int binCount = 0;
    TreeNode<K,V> t = null;
    Node<K,V> old = null;
    if (size > threshold || (tab = table) == null ||
        (n = tab.length) == 0)
        n = (tab = resize()).length;
    if ((first = tab[i = (n - 1) & hash]) != null) {
        if (first instanceof TreeNode)
            old = (t = (TreeNode<K,V>)first).getTreeNode(hash, key);
        else {
            Node<K,V> e = first; K k;
            do {
                if (e.hash == hash &&
                    ((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k)))) {
                    old = e;
                    break;
                }
                ++binCount;
            } while ((e = e.next) != null);
        }
    }
    if (old != null) {
        V v;
        if (old.value != null)
            v = remappingFunction.apply(old.value, value);
        else
            v = value;
        if (v != null) {
            old.value = v;
            afterNodeAccess(old);
        }
        else
            removeNode(hash, key, null, false, true);
        return v;
    }
    if (value != null) {
        if (t != null)
            t.putTreeVal(this, tab, hash, key, value);
        else {
            tab[i] = newNode(hash, key, value, first);
            if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD - 1)
                treeifyBin(tab, hash);
        }
        ++modCount;
        ++size;
        afterNodeInsertion(true);
    }
    return value;
}

@Override
public void forEach(BiConsumer<? super K, ? super V> action) {
    Node<K,V>[] tab;
    if (action == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
        int mc = modCount;
        for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i) {
            for (Node<K,V> e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next)
                action.accept(e.key, e.value);
        }
        if (modCount != mc)
            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
    }
}

@Override
public void replaceAll(BiFunction<? super K, ? super V, ? extends V> function) {
    Node<K,V>[] tab;
    if (function == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    if (size > 0 && (tab = table) != null) {
        int mc = modCount;
        for (int i = 0; i < tab.length; ++i) {
            for (Node<K,V> e = tab[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {
                e.value = function.apply(e.key, e.value);
            }
        }
        if (modCount != mc)
            throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
    }
}

get方法总结

• 计算key所代表的hash值
• 根据hash值得到table数组中key应该可能存在table
• 将first节点赋值为该table的头节点判断头节点是否是要查找的节点
• 如果是则返回如果不是则将first节点的下一个节点赋值给e
• 判断first节点是否为树节点
• 如果是树节点则调用树节点的查找将first节点作为根节点开始查找
• 如果first节点不是树节点table所代表的数据结构还是链表
• 判断e是否为要查找的节点
• 如果是则返回
• 过不是判断e有没有下一个节点由的化继续遍历table链表

put方法总结

• 计算key所代表的hash值
• 根据hash判断要进行存储的键值对应该存在table数组中的哪个table
• 如果要存储的table为空 新建节点作为table所代表的数据结构
• 判断table的第一个节点的key是否与要插入的key相同
• 如果相同记录该节点代表找到相同值
• 如果不同判断table所代表的数据结构是不是树结构如果是调用TreeNode的putTreeVal方法去插入数据
• 如果不是说明table所代表的数据结构是链表遍历该链表在遍历时根据哈希值与key判断table中是否由相同key的记录如果由则跳出循环或直至最后当下一个节点为null时停止
• 新建节点将要保存的键值对最为新节点的键值对并将table的最后一个节点的下一个null节点指向新建节点
• 判断table的大小是否达到树化阈值，如果达到了将table树化（将table所代表的链表转换为红黑树
• 如果找到了以后的key所代表的键值对记录
• 将老值记录用新值覆盖将老值返回
• 对map结构的修改次数+1
• 如果容器大小达到阈值调整容器大小