Scala学习进击Spark(四): Scala面向对象

面向对象的概述
封装：属性、方法封装到类中
User ： int id，String name，Date birthday …
继承：
父类和子类之间的关系
User extends Person
多态（☆）
父类引用指向子类对象 精髓所在 开发框架的基石
Person person = new Person()
User user = new User()
Person person = new User()
类的定义与使用

object SimpleObjectApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val people = new People();
    people.name = "Messi"
    //people.age = 21
    println(people.name+"...."+people.age)
    println(people.eat())
    people.watchFootball("china")
  }
  class People{
    var name: String ="";	//get /set都有
    val age: Int =10;        //只有get方法没有set方法
    def eat(): Unit = {
      println(name + "  eating...")
    }
    def watchFootball(teamName: String)={
      println(name + " is watching match of "+teamName)
    }
  }
}

在对象中用private [this] 修饰的变量或者函数只能在class类中使用
构造器

object ConstructorApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
      val person = new Person("zhangsan",30)
      println(person.name+ ":"+
              person.age+ " : "+
              person.school)
    val person2 = new Person("pk",18,"Z")
      println(person2.name+ ":"+
              person2.age+ " : "+
              person2.school+" : "+
              person2.gender)
  }
}

class Person(val name: String,val age: Int){//主构造器
  println("Person Constructor enter....")

  val school = "ustc"
  var gender: String = _
  //附属构造器
  def this(name: String,age: Int,gender: String){//附属构造器
    this(name,age)//附属构造器的第一行必须要调用主构造器或者其他附属构造器
    this.gender = gender
  }

  println("Person Constructor leave....")
}

继承与重写

object ConstructorApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
//    val person = new Person("zhangsan",30)
//    println(person.name+ ":"+
//            person.age+ " : "+
//            person.school)
//    val person2 = new Person("pk",18,"Z")
//    println(person2.name+ ":"+
//            person2.age+ " : "+
//            person2.school+" : "+
//            person2.gender)

    val student = new Student("pk",19,"Math")
    println(student.name+ "  "
            +student.age+ "  "
            +student. major
)
  }

}

class Person(val name: String,val age: Int){//主构造器
  println("Person Constructor enter....")

  val school = "ustc"
  var gender: String = _
  //附属构造器
  def this(name: String,age: Int,gender: String){//附属构造器
    this(name,age)//附属构造器的第一行必须要调用主构造器或者其他附属构造器
    this.gender = gender
  }

  println("Person Constructor leave....")
}

class Student(name: String, age: Int,major: String) extends Person(name,age){
  println("Student Constructor enter....")

  println("Student Constructor leaver....")
}

运行结果
Person Constructor enter…
Person Constructor leave…
Student Constructor enter…
Student Constructor leaver…
pk 19 null

会先调用父类构造器，在调用子类构造器，但是专业获取不到，子类特有属性需要加var
重写：属性和函数在父类拥有时子类重写需要加overrride来修饰

override def toString: String = "override def toString"

抽象类

object AbstactApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val student = new Student2()
    println(student.name+"    "+student.age+"   ")
    student.speak
  }
}

/**
  * 类的一个或者多个方法没有完整的实现（只有定义，没有实现）
  */
abstract class Person2{
  def speak

  val name: String
  val age: Int
}
class Student2 extends Person2{
  override def speak: Unit = {
    println("say hello")
  }

  override val name: String ="pk"

  override val age: Int = 18
}

伴生类和伴生对象

object ApplyApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

  }
}

//伴生类和伴生对象
//如果有一个class 还有一个class同名的object
//那么称这个object是class的伴生对象，class的object的伴生类
class ApplyTest{

}

object ApplyTest{

}

apply

object ApplyApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
//    for (i<- 1.to(10)){
//      ApplyTest.incr
//    }
//    println(ApplyTest.count)//结果为10 说明object是个单例对象
    var b = ApplyTest() //调用的是object方法里面的apply  加了（）默认走的是object里面的apply
    println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~")
    var c = new ApplyTest()
    println(c)
    c()//类名（） ==》object.apply   对象（）==》Class.apply
  }
}

//伴生类和伴生对象
//如果有一个class 还有一个class同名的object
//那么称这个object是class的伴生对象，class的object的伴生类
class ApplyTest{
  def apply() ={
    println("Class AppltTest apply...")
    new ApplyTest
  }
}

object ApplyTest{
  println("enter....")
  var count = 0
  def incr={
    count+=1
  }
  //最佳实战：在object的apply方法中去new Class
  def apply() ={
    println("Object AppltTest apply...")
    new ApplyTest
  }
  println("leaver....")
}

case class

object CaseClassApp {
  //通常用在模式匹配
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    println(Dog("wangcai").name)
  }
}
//case class不用new
case class Dog(name: String){

}

trait
Trait xxx extents ATrait with BTrait
例子：

调整自己的心态，生活失意时，静品命运苦乐韵味；人生腾达时，静听生命辉煌乐章！许多人的失败和痛苦，不是出不去，而是回不来。