《基于MFC的OpenGL编程》第一篇 A Primer

3D图形学基本概念

　　Perspective

　　Perspective refers to the angles between the lines that lend the illusion of three dimensions.

　　Colors and Shading

　　Moving beyond line drawing, we need to add color to create a solid object. Shading refers to the way the color is applied to the polygon. Shading can be of two types in OpenGL - Flat or Smooth.

　　Lights and Shadows

　　Plain solid color doesn’t offer enough realism. By applying Lighting effects we can make objects appear as they would in reality depending on their material properties and the lighting parameters. Adding a shadow further increases realism.

　　Texture Mapping

　　With Texture Mapping we can have wood grains, cloth textures, brick like textures etc instead of plain materials. This technique of applying an image to the surface of a polygon is called Texture Mapping. The image we use is called the Texture and the individual elements of the texture are called Texels.

　　Fog

　　Fog is an atmospheric effect that adds haziness to objects in a scene depending on how far the objects are from the viewer.

　　Blending and Transparency

　　Blending is the combination of colors of objects on the screen. This effect can be used for a variety of purposes. By varying the amount each object is blended with the scene we can make objects look transparent.

　　Anti-Aliasing

　　Aliasing is an effect that is visible on screen due to the fact that an image consists of discrete pixels. By carefully blending the lines with the background color we can eliminate jagged edges and give them a smooth appearance. This blending technique is called anti-aliasing.

　　第一个OpenGL程序

//Simple.cpp-FirstOpenGLProgram
#include<windows.h>//RequiredforeveryWindowsProgram
#include<glglut.h>//RequiredforusingtheGLUTlibrary　　
//PerformOpenGLInitializationhere
voidSetupRC()
{
　　//Setthebackgroundclearingcolortoblue
　　glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f);//设置背景色为蓝色
}
//Thedrawingcallbackfunction
voidRenderScene()
{
　　//Clearthecolorbuffer
　　glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
　　//Flushtherenderingpipeline
　　glFlush();
}
voidmain()
{
　　//Choosethedisplaymodesettings
　　glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE|GLUT_RGB);//初始化显示模式(单缓冲,RGB)
　　//CreatetheWindow
　　glutCreateWindow("Simple");//创建窗口
　　//SettheRenderScsnefunctionasthedisplaycallback
　　glutDisplayFunc(RenderScene);//绘制回调函数，当窗口需要绘制时，GLUT会调用此函数
　　//InitializeOpenGL
　　SetupRC();//初始化OpenGL
　　//StarttheGLUTframework
　　glutMainLoop();//开始消息循环
}