1. /*
2. * linux/kernel/fork.c
3. * //--fork()用于创建子进程
4. * (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds
5. */
6. /*
7. * 'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call
8. * (see also system_call.s), and some misc functions ('verify_area').
9. * Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory
10. * management can be a bitch. See 'mm/mm.c': 'copy_page_tables()'
11. */
12. #include <errno.h>
13. #include <linux/sched.h>
14. #include <linux/kernel.h>
15. #include <asm/segment.h>
16. #include <asm/system.h>
17. //--写页面验证,若页面不可写,则复制页面
18. extern void write_verify(unsigned long address);
19. long last_pid=0;
20. //--进程空间区域写前验证函数
21. void verify_area(void * addr,int size)
22. {
23. unsigned long start;
24. start = (unsigned long) addr;
25. size += start & 0xfff;
26. start &= 0xfffff000;
27. start += get_base(current->ldt[2]); //--逻辑地址到线性地址的转换
28. while (size>0) {
29. size -= 4096;
30. write_verify(start);
31. start += 4096;
32. }
33. }
34. int copy_mem(int nr,struct task_struct * p) //--复制内存页表
35. { //--由于采用写时复制技术,这里只复制目录和页表项,不分配内存
36. unsigned long old_data_base,new_data_base,data_limit;
37. unsigned long old_code_base,new_code_base,code_limit;
38. code_limit=get_limit(0x0f); //--取段限长
39. data_limit=get_limit(0x17);
40. old_code_base = get_base(current->ldt[1]);
41. old_data_base = get_base(current->ldt[2]);
42. if (old_data_base != old_code_base)
43. panic("We don't support separate I&D");
44. if (data_limit < code_limit)
45. panic("Bad data_limit");
46. new_data_base = new_code_base = nr * TASK_SIZE;
47. p->start_code = new_code_base;
48. set_base(p->ldt[1],new_code_base);
49. set_base(p->ldt[2],new_data_base);
50. if (copy_page_tables(old_data_base,new_data_base,data_limit)) { //--复制页表
51. free_page_tables(new_data_base,data_limit);
52. return -ENOMEM;
53. }
54. return 0;
55. }
56. /*
57. * Ok, this is the main fork-routine. It copies the system process
58. * information (task[nr]) and sets up the necessary registers. It
59. * also copies the data segment in it's entirety.
60. */ //--fork()子程序,它复制系统进程信息,设置寄存器,复制数据段(代码段)
61. int copy_process(int nr,long ebp,long edi,long esi,long gs,long none,
62. long ebx,long ecx,long edx, long orig_eax,
63. long fs,long es,long ds,
64. long eip,long cs,long eflags,long esp,long ss) //--复制进程
65. {
66. struct task_struct *p;
67. int i;
68. struct file *f;
69. p = (struct task_struct *) get_free_page(); //--为新任务数据结构分配内存
70. if (!p)
71. return -EAGAIN;
72. task[nr] = p;
73. *p = *current; /* NOTE! this doesn't copy the supervisor stack */
74. p->state = TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE;
75. p->pid = last_pid;
76. p->counter = p->priority;
77. p->signal = 0;
78. p->alarm = 0;
79. p->leader = 0; /* process leadership doesn't inherit */
80. p->utime = p->stime = 0;
81. p->cutime = p->cstime = 0;
82. p->start_time = jiffies;
83. p->tss.back_link = 0;
84. p->tss.esp0 = PAGE_SIZE + (long) p;
85. p->tss.ss0 = 0x10;
86. p->tss.eip = eip;
87. p->tss.eflags = eflags;
88. p->tss.eax = 0;
89. p->tss.ecx = ecx;
90. p->tss.edx = edx;
91. p->tss.ebx = ebx;
92. p->tss.esp = esp;
93. p->tss.ebp = ebp;
94. p->tss.esi = esi;
95. p->tss.edi = edi;
96. p->tss.es = es & 0xffff;
97. p->tss.cs = cs & 0xffff;
98. p->tss.ss = ss & 0xffff;
99. p->tss.ds = ds & 0xffff;
100. p->tss.fs = fs & 0xffff;
101. p->tss.gs = gs & 0xffff;
102. p->tss.ldt = _LDT(nr);
103. p->tss.trace_bitmap = 0x80000000;
104. if (last_task_used_math == current)
105. __asm__("clts ; fnsave %0 ; frstor %0"::"m" (p->tss.i387));
106. if (copy_mem(nr,p)) {
107. task[nr] = NULL;
108. free_page((long) p);
109. return -EAGAIN;
110. }
111. for (i=0; i<NR_OPEN;i++) //--如果父进程中有文件是打开的,则将对应文件的打开次数增1
112. if (f=p->filp[i])
113. f->f_count++;
114. if (current->pwd)
115. current->pwd->i_count++;
116. if (current->root)
117. current->root->i_count++;
118. if (current->executable)
119. current->executable->i_count++;
120. if (current->library)
121. current->library->i_count++;
122. set_tss_desc(gdt+(nr<<1)+FIRST_TSS_ENTRY,&(p->tss)); //--在GDT表中设置新任务的TSS和LDT
123. set_ldt_desc(gdt+(nr<<1)+FIRST_LDT_ENTRY,&(p->ldt));
124. p->p_pptr = current;
125. p->p_cptr = 0;
126. p->p_ysptr = 0;
127. p->p_osptr = current->p_cptr;
128. if (p->p_osptr)
129. p->p_osptr->p_ysptr = p;
130. current->p_cptr = p;
131. p->state = TASK_RUNNING; /* do this last, just in case */
132. return last_pid;
133. }
134. int find_empty_process(void) //--为新进程取得不重复的进程号last_pid
135. {
136. int i;
137. repeat:
138. if ((++last_pid)<0) last_pid=1;
139. for(i=0 ; i<NR_TASKS ; i++)
140. if (task[i] && ((task[i]->pid == last_pid) ||
141. (task[i]->pgrp == last_pid)))
142. goto repeat;
143. for(i=1 ; i<NR_TASKS ; i++)
144. if (!task[i])
145. return i;
146. return -EAGAIN;
147. }