linux-fork.c

/*

*  linux/kernel/fork.c

*                                //－－fork()用于创建子进程

*  (C) 1991  Linus Torvalds

*/

/*

*  'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call

* (see also system_call.s), and some misc functions ('verify_area').

* Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory

* management can be a bitch. See 'mm/mm.c': 'copy_page_tables()'

*/

#include <errno.h>

#include <linux/sched.h>

#include <linux/kernel.h>

#include <asm/segment.h>

#include <asm/system.h>

                                //－－写页面验证，若页面不可写，则复制页面

extern void write_verify(unsigned long address);

long last_pid=0;

                                //－－进程空间区域写前验证函数

void verify_area(void * addr,int size)

{

    unsigned long start;

    start = (unsigned long) addr;

    size += start & 0xfff;

    start &= 0xfffff000;

    start += get_base(current->ldt[2]);        //－－逻辑地址到线性地址的转换

    while (size>0) {

        size -= 4096;

        write_verify(start);

        start += 4096;

    }

}

int copy_mem(int nr,struct task_struct * p)        //－－复制内存页表

{                                                //－－由于采用写时复制技术，这里只复制目录和页表项，不分配内存

    unsigned long old_data_base,new_data_base,data_limit;

    unsigned long old_code_base,new_code_base,code_limit;

    code_limit=get_limit(0x0f);                    //－－取段限长

    data_limit=get_limit(0x17);

    old_code_base = get_base(current->ldt[1]);

    old_data_base = get_base(current->ldt[2]);

    if (old_data_base != old_code_base)

        panic("We don't support separate I&D");

    if (data_limit < code_limit)

        panic("Bad data_limit");

    new_data_base = new_code_base = nr * TASK_SIZE;

    p->start_code = new_code_base;

    set_base(p->ldt[1],new_code_base);

    set_base(p->ldt[2],new_data_base);

    if (copy_page_tables(old_data_base,new_data_base,data_limit)) {        //－－复制页表

        free_page_tables(new_data_base,data_limit);

        return -ENOMEM;

    }

    return 0;

}

/*

*  Ok, this is the main fork-routine. It copies the system process

* information (task[nr]) and sets up the necessary registers. It

* also copies the data segment in it's entirety.

*/                                    //－－fork()子程序，它复制系统进程信息，设置寄存器，复制数据段(代码段)

int copy_process(int nr,long ebp,long edi,long esi,long gs,long none,

        long ebx,long ecx,long edx, long orig_eax,

        long fs,long es,long ds,

        long eip,long cs,long eflags,long esp,long ss)        //－－复制进程

{

    struct task_struct *p;

    int i;

    struct file *f;

    p = (struct task_struct *) get_free_page();                //－－为新任务数据结构分配内存

    if (!p)

        return -EAGAIN;

    task[nr] = p;

    *p = *current;    /* NOTE! this doesn't copy the supervisor stack */

    p->state = TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE;

    p->pid = last_pid;

    p->counter = p->priority;

    p->signal = 0;

    p->alarm = 0;

    p->leader = 0;        /* process leadership doesn't inherit */

    p->utime = p->stime = 0;

    p->cutime = p->cstime = 0;

    p->start_time = jiffies;

    p->tss.back_link = 0;

    p->tss.esp0 = PAGE_SIZE + (long) p;

    p->tss.ss0 = 0x10;

    p->tss.eip = eip;

    p->tss.eflags = eflags;

    p->tss.eax = 0;

    p->tss.ecx = ecx;

    p->tss.edx = edx;

    p->tss.ebx = ebx;

    p->tss.esp = esp;

    p->tss.ebp = ebp;

    p->tss.esi = esi;

    p->tss.edi = edi;

    p->tss.es = es & 0xffff;

    p->tss.cs = cs & 0xffff;

    p->tss.ss = ss & 0xffff;

    p->tss.ds = ds & 0xffff;

    p->tss.fs = fs & 0xffff;

    p->tss.gs = gs & 0xffff;

    p->tss.ldt = _LDT(nr);

    p->tss.trace_bitmap = 0x80000000;

    if (last_task_used_math == current)

        __asm__("clts ; fnsave %0 ; frstor %0"::"m" (p->tss.i387));

    if (copy_mem(nr,p)) {

        task[nr] = NULL;

        free_page((long) p);

        return -EAGAIN;

    }

    for (i=0; i<NR_OPEN;i++)                    //－－如果父进程中有文件是打开的，则将对应文件的打开次数增1

        if (f=p->filp[i])

            f->f_count++;

    if (current->pwd)

        current->pwd->i_count++;

    if (current->root)

        current->root->i_count++;

    if (current->executable)

        current->executable->i_count++;

    if (current->library)

        current->library->i_count++;

    set_tss_desc(gdt+(nr<<1)+FIRST_TSS_ENTRY,&(p->tss));    //－－在GDT表中设置新任务的TSS和LDT

    set_ldt_desc(gdt+(nr<<1)+FIRST_LDT_ENTRY,&(p->ldt));

    p->p_pptr = current;

    p->p_cptr = 0;

    p->p_ysptr = 0;

    p->p_osptr = current->p_cptr;

    if (p->p_osptr)

        p->p_osptr->p_ysptr = p;

    current->p_cptr = p;

    p->state = TASK_RUNNING;    /* do this last, just in case */

    return last_pid;

}

int find_empty_process(void)                        //－－为新进程取得不重复的进程号last_pid

{

    int i;

    repeat:

        if ((++last_pid)<0) last_pid=1;

        for(i=0 ; i<NR_TASKS ; i++)

            if (task[i] && ((task[i]->pid == last_pid) ||

                        (task[i]->pgrp == last_pid)))

                goto repeat;

    for(i=1 ; i<NR_TASKS ; i++)

        if (!task[i])

            return i;

    return -EAGAIN;

}

|xGv00|fcc8d4de8197f69fde70263fb4d52380