Hibernate的双向联动
关联是有方向的
关联可以分为一对一、一对多/多对一、多对多关联
下面我会用订单与订单项的实例来解释（一对多）
首先我们创建订单的实体类，订单项的实体类
订单项实体类
package com.hsl.three.entity;
public class OrderItem {
private Integer orderItemId;
private Integer productId;
private Integer quantity;
private Integer oid;
private Order order;
public Integer getOrderItemId() {
return orderItemId;
}
public void setOrderItemId(Integer orderItemId) {
this.orderItemId = orderItemId;
}
public Integer getProductId() {
return productId;
}
public void setProductId(Integer productId) {
this.productId = productId;
}
public Integer getQuantity() {
return quantity;
}
public void setQuantity(Integer quantity) {
this.quantity = quantity;
}
public Integer getOid() {
return oid;
}
public void setOid(Integer oid) {
this.oid = oid;
}
public Order getOrder() {
return order;
}
public void setOrder(Order order) {
this.order = order;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "OrderItem [orderItemId=" + orderItemId + ", productId=" + productId + ", quantity=" + quantity
+ ", oid=" + oid + ", order=" + order + "]";
}
}
订单实体类
package com.hsl.three.entity;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Order {
private Integer orderId;
private String orderNo;
private List<OrderItem> orderItems=new ArrayList<OrderItem>();
private Integer initChildren=0;//首先不用写这个属性，与懒加载有关，0代表懒加载，1代表强制加载
public Integer getOrderId() {
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public String getOrderNo() {
return orderNo;
}
public void setOrderNo(String orderNo) {
this.orderNo = orderNo;
}
public List<OrderItem> getOrderItems() {
return orderItems;
}
public void setOrderItems(List<OrderItem> orderItems) {
this.orderItems = orderItems;
}
public Integer getInitChildren() {
return initChildren;
}
public void setInitChildren(Integer initChildren) {
this.initChildren = initChildren;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Order [orderId=" + orderId + ", orderNo=" + orderNo + ", orderItems=" + orderItems + "]";
}
}
配置相应的*.hbm.xml文件
order.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.hsl.three.entity.Order" table="t_hibernate_order">
<id name="orderId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="order_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="orderNo" type="java.lang.String" column="order_no">
</property>
<bag name="orderItems" cascade="save-update" inverse="true" >
<key column="oid"></key>
<!--一对多-->
<one-to-many class="com.hsl.three.entity.OrderItem"/>
</bag>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
orderItem.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.hsl.three.entity.OrderItem" table="t_hibernate_order_item">
<id name="orderItemId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="order_item_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="productId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="product_id">
</property>
<property name="quantity" type="java.lang.Integer" column="quantity">
</property>
<property name="oid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="oid" insert="false" update="false">
</property>
<!-- many-to-one:多对一的配置：
name:指的是当前所要映射的类的关联属性
class:是的关联属性的类别
column:填外键
-->
<many-to-one name="order" class="com.hsl.three.entity.Order" column="oid"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
hibernate.cfg.xml文件添加配置
<mapping resource="com/hsl/three/entity/Order.hbm.xml" />
<mapping resource="com/hsl/three/entity/OrderItem.hbm.xml" />
各属性解释：
1 lazy:默认值为true,true延迟加载,false立即加载(一般设置为true,不使用立即加载,因为影响查询性能)-----------不推荐使用，下面会用更合适的方式优化性能
2 outter-join:默认值为false,true使用左外联接查询关联的(但一般不用，因为当我们把该属性设置为true时，所有的查询语句都会默认左外联，那样性能不高)
3 inverse:默认值为false,true表示将对方设置为主控方(一对多双向关联中一般将多方设置为主控方,这样可以减少SQL语句的数量,减少多余的操作)
4 cascade:用来控制如何操作关联的持久化对象的
4.1 none:保存，更新或删除当前对象时，忽略其它关联的对象
4.2 save-update:保存、更新时级联保存所有的临时对象，并且级联更新关联的游离对象
4.3 delete:通过session的delete方法删除当前对象，级联删除关联的对象
4.4 all:等于save-update操作+delete操作
配置完毕后，引入工具类
package com.hsl.two.util;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
/**
* 该类的作用：
* 1简化代码
* 2检测hibernate的相关配置是否正确
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class SessionFactoryUtils {
private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
static {
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
}
public static Session openSession() {
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
if(session == null) {
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
}
return session;
}
public static void closeSession() {
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
if(session != null && session.isOpen()) {
session.close();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
System.out.println(session.isConnected());
SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
System.out.println(session.isConnected());
}
}
写一个dao类
demoDao类
方法如下：
public Integer addOrder(Order order) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();//获取session
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();//获取事务
Integer oid = (Integer)session.save(order);//数据库操作
transaction.commit();//提交数据
session.close();//关闭资源
return oid;
}
public Integer addOrderItem(OrderItem orderItem) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Integer otid = (Integer)session.save(orderItem);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return otid;
}
创立JUnit测试类
demoDaoText类
方法如下：
private DemoDao demoDao=new DemoDao();
@Test
public void testAddOrder() {
Order order=new Order();
order.setOrderNo("237gouwu");
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
OrderItem oi=new OrderItem();
oi.setProductId(10+i);
oi.setQuantity(20+i);
//在加入订单表后，订单项表自动加入数据的代码操作
order.getOrderItems().add(oi);
oi.setOrder(order);
}
demoDao.addOrder(order);
}
@Test
public void testAddOrderItem() {
OrderItem oi=new OrderItem();
oi.setProductId(66);
oi.setQuantity(66);
Order order=new Order();
order.setOrderId(10);
oi.setOrder(order);
demoDao.addOrderItem(oi);
}
结果：
testAddOrder（）
testAddOrderItem()
懒加载
在demoDao类添加方法
/**
* 为了讲解懒加载的问题（hibernate3.0后所有查询方式默认采用的是懒加载方式）
* 1、查单个时存在问题，代理对象已经关闭
* 2、查多个存在问题，有性能的问题
* @param order
* @return
*/
public Order getOrder(Order order) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Order o = session.get(Order.class, order.getOrderId());
//解决性能问题
if(o != null && new Integer(1).equals(order.getInitChildren())) {
Hibernate.initialize(o.getOrderItems());
// System.out.println(o.getOrderItems());
}
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return o;
}
public List<Order> getOrderList() {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
List<Order> list = session.createQuery("from Order").list();
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return list;
}
demoDaoText类
方法如下
@Test
public void testGetOrder() {
Order order=new Order();
order.setOrderId(11);
Order o=demoDao.getOrder(order);
System.out.println(o.getOrderNo());
//懒加载失败
System.out.println(o.getOrderItems());
}
@Test
public void testGetOrderList() {
List<Order> orderList=demoDao.getOrderList();
for (Order order : orderList) {
System.out.println(order.getOrderNo());
}
}
联表删除
demoDao类添加删除方法：
/**
* z主表的数据不能随便删除，得先删除从表中对应信息，才能删除主表的信息。
* @param order
*/
public void delOrder(Order order) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Order order2 = session.get(Order.class, order.getOrderId());
for (OrderItem oi : order2.getOrderItems()) {
session.delete(oi);
}
session.delete(order2);
// session.delete(order);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
demoDaoText类方法：
@Test
public void testDelOrder() {
Order order=new Order();
order.setOrderId(11);
demoDao.delOrder(order);
}
测试结果就不展示了
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