Linux字符设备驱动结构

Linux字符设备驱动组成：

1.字符设备驱动模块加载与卸载函数   加载函数：实现设备号申请和cdev注册  卸载函数：实现设备号释放和cdev注销

2.file_operations结构体中的成员函数实现  这些成员函数是字符设备驱动与内核的接口，是用户空间对Linux进行系统调用最终的落实者。如 read(),write(),ioctl().

 

重要的结构体：

 

cdev

 

struct cdev {
 struct kobject kobj;
 struct module *owner;
 const struct file_operations *ops; /*提供字符设备与虚拟文件系统接口函数*/
 struct list_head list;
 dev_t dev;  /*设备号，32位，高12位为主设备号，低20位为次设备号 MKDEV 宏可生成dev_t*/
 unsigned int count;
};

 

/*
 * NOTE:
 * read, write, poll, fsync, readv, writev, unlocked_ioctl and compat_ioctl
 * can be called without the big kernel lock held in all filesystems.
 */
struct file_operations {
 struct module *owner;
 loff_t (*llseek) (struct file *, loff_t, int);
 ssize_t (*read) (struct file *, char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
 ssize_t (*write) (struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);
 ssize_t (*aio_read) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);
 ssize_t (*aio_write) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);
 int (*readdir) (struct file *, void *, filldir_t);
 unsigned int (*poll) (struct file *, struct poll_table_struct *);
 int (*ioctl) (struct inode *, struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
 long (*unlocked_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
 long (*compat_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);
 int (*mmap) (struct file *, struct vm_area_struct *);
 int (*open) (struct inode *, struct file *);
 int (*flush) (struct file *, fl_owner_t id);
 int (*release) (struct inode *, struct file *);
 int (*fsync) (struct file *, struct dentry *, int datasync);
 int (*aio_fsync) (struct kiocb *, int datasync);
 int (*fasync) (int, struct file *, int);
 int (*lock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);
 ssize_t (*sendpage) (struct file *, struct page *, int, size_t, loff_t *, int);
 unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
 int (*check_flags)(int);
 int (*flock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);
 ssize_t (*splice_write)(struct pipe_inode_info *, struct file *, loff_t *, size_t, unsigned int);
 ssize_t (*splice_read)(struct file *, loff_t *, struct pipe_inode_info *, size_t, unsigned int);
 int (*setlease)(struct file *, long, struct file_lock **);
};