Linux 字符设备驱动结构（四）—— file_operations 结构体知识解析

        前面在 Linux 字符设备驱动开发基础 （三）—— 字符设备驱动结构（中） ，我们已经介绍了两种重要的数据结构 struct inode{...}与 struct file{...} ，下面来介绍另一个比较重要数据结构

struct _file_operations

struct _file_operations在Fs.h这个文件里面被定义的，如下所示：

struct file_operations { 

    struct module *owner;//拥有该结构的模块的指针，一般为THIS_MODULES 


    loff_t (*llseek) (struct file *, loff_t, int);//用来修改文件当前的读写位置 

    ssize_t (*read) (struct file *, char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);//从设备中同步读取数据 

    ssize_t (*write) (struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);//向设备发送数据

    ssize_t (*aio_read) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);//初始化一个异步的读取操作 

    ssize_t (*aio_write) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);//初始化一个异步的写入操作 

    int (*readdir) (struct file *, void *, filldir_t);//仅用于读取目录，对于设备文件，该字段为NULL 

    unsigned int (*poll) (struct file *, struct poll_table_struct *); //轮询函数，判断目前是否可以进行非阻塞的读写或写入 

    int (*ioctl) (struct inode *, struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long); //执行设备I/O控制命令 

    long (*unlocked_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long); //不使用BLK文件系统，将使用此种函数指针代替ioctl 

    long (*compat_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long); //在64位系统上，32位的ioctl调用将使用此函数指针代替 


    int (*mmap) (struct file *, struct vm_area_struct *); //用于请求将设备内存映射到进程地址空间
 
    int (*open) (struct inode *, struct file *); //打开 

    int (*flush) (struct file *, fl_owner_t id); 

    int (*release) (struct inode *, struct file *); //关闭 

    int (*fsync) (struct file *, struct dentry *, int datasync); //刷新待处理的数据 

    int (*aio_fsync) (struct kiocb *, int datasync); //异步刷新待处理的数据 

    int (*fasync) (int, struct file *, int); //通知设备FASYNC标志发生变化 

    int (*lock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *); 

    ssize_t (*sendpage) (struct file *, struct page *, int, size_t, loff_t *, int); 

    unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long); 

    int (*check_flags)(int); 

    int (*flock) (struct file *, int, struct fi