Problem Description
An atom of element X can exist in n distinct states with energies E1 < E2 < ... < En. Arkady wants to build a laser on this element, using a three-level scheme. Here is a simplified description of the scheme.
Three distinct states i, j and k are selected, where i < j < k. After that the following process happens:
- initially the atom is in the state i,
- we spend Ek - Ei energy to put the atom in the state k,
- the atom emits a photon with useful energy Ek - Ej and changes its state to the state j,
- the atom spontaneously changes its state to the state i, losing energy Ej - Ei,
- the process repeats from